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"Nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary way of life."
Kubíková, Kristýna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
Introduction: The main topic of this diploma thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle. Aim: The main goal of the thesis was the nutrition of athletes compared to people with a sedentary lifestyle using analyzing dietary regimen. Material and methods: We evaluated the dietary regimen of 40 women at the age of 20- 30 years old. Women were divided into the groups of non-athletes ("sedentary people") and women who exercise fitness sports ("fitness people"). Their average age was in the range of 25,3-26 years. Respondents filled out the form with their dietary regimen for three days using a 24-hod recall. Records where evaluated with using an extensive food database which was created at the Institute of Physical Education, First of Medicine, Charles University. Student's two-tailed unpaired mean t-test was used to compare the groups. We used the F-test to analysing a equation scattering before using t-test. Results: Group of fitness athletes consumed average 335 kcal less total energy (p = 0.008), 15.17 g more plant-based proteins (p = 0.031), 15.24 g less fats (p = 0.025) and 13.23 g less animal fat (p = 0.044). The results for other nutrients weren't statistically significant, but from a nutritional point of view they provided an interesting overview of eating...
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Nutrition of professional high heels dancers
Žabková, Martina ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kysel, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on nutrition of the high heels dancers (gogo dancers, burlesque dancers, exotic dancers, strippers etc.). The goal of the bachelor's thesis is to compare average BMI, consumption of alcohol and lifestyle of the high heels dancers with a group of unathletic women. Theoretic part of this bachelor's thesis briefly introduces high heels dance style, focuses on essential nutrients (macronutrients, micronutrients), fluid intake and alcohol consumption. Also determines a recommended dietary intake of proteins, carbohydrates fat, vitamins, minerals and fluid for dancers. Theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis points out the risky parts in dancer's nutrition: deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals, inadequate fluid intake and alcohol in clubs. The conclusion of the theoretical part focuses on nutrient timing, pre-workout meal/ post-workout meal for the high heels dancers and presents an example of meal plan for the high heels dancer. The practical part of this bachelor's thesis was created from data obtained from own designed non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire filled 49 respondents, 15 of them were professional high heels dancers and the other 15 were unathletic women. The average BMI of high heel dancer is 19,9 kg/m2 . The average BMI of unathletic...
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Influence of cervical spinal cord lesion on cardiovascular fitness
Machač, Stanislav ; Kolář, Pavel (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee) ; Nováková, Marie (referee)
Traumatic damage to the cervical spinal cord has a dramatic impact on determinants affecting cardiovascular fitness. In tetraplegia, in addition to diminished skeletal muscle function, impaired sympathetic cardiovascular innervation together with a dysfunction of catecholamine release is typically present. Individuals with tetraplegia are at a high risk of long-term inactivity, which increasingly contributes to the development of common civilization diseases. The aim of the current dissertation project is to investigate the cardiovascular fitness in males with cervical spinal cord injury (n=20) as compared to able- bodied males (n=27). Both groups completed exercise testing on an arm-crank ergometer. Arterial blood pressure response to exercise, peak oxygen consumption and peak heart rate were the primary outcome variables. In the first part of the study, a graded maximal arm- crank ergometer test to the subjective exhaustion was performed for the inter-group peak exercise comparison. The peak power dramatically differs between the groups and could be an important confounding factor limiting the evaluation of a physiologic response related to the equivalent physical loading. Therefore, in the second part of the study, individuals of the control group completed a second graded arm-crank ergometer...
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Evaluation of the nutrition of prime-league hockey players and comparison with the common population
Balušková, Denisa ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
The subject of the research and the research problem is the effort to evaluate the nutrition of extra-league hockey players and its comparison with the general population. The nutrition of an ice hockey player is usually not one of the most discussed topics in the field of sports, yet it has a great impact on sports performance. The goals were to compare the basic macronutrients, energy intake, number of meals or fluid intake. The theoretical part of the thesis is written about the characteristics of hockey and the nutrition of hockey players in the field of intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, drinking regime and supplements. In the practical part of the work is a quantitative research survey monitoring the diet of hockey players and its practical composition. A comparative method was used to compare the two groups, anthropometry for body analysis, online questionnaires for monitoring habits and recorded daily menus. It was important to note that most top players have limiting knowledge of nutrition issues. Education of elite athletes in the field of nutrition can ensure the development of their full sport potential.
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Eating disorders in gymnastics
Kekrtová, Magdaléna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of eating disorders (ED) in gymnastics. Eating disorders are serious mental illnesses that occur especially in adolescent women. Gymnastics, as a sport with an emphasis on aesthetics, is risky in terms of ED, it affects the occurrence of a large number of risk factors that affect gymnasts. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis generally summarizes the individual diagnoses of eating disorders, risk factors, incidence and prevalence, health complications, treatment and disease prevention. These general findings are supplemented by the current state of knowledge of eating disorders from the gymnastic enviroment. The second half of the theoretical part introduces the principles of energy metabolism and healthy nutrition. The practical part consists of quantitative research, carried out using a questionnaire, which was imaginarilly divided into two parts. The first half of the research examines gymnasts' attitudes to nutrition and diet, and the second half examines ED in gymnastics. Due to the absence of males, the research results can only be applied to women. Research confirms the frequent occureence of risky behavior among gymnasts, the popularity of reduction diets, low body weight or high ambient pressure, which is mainly caused by coaches. Research...
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Fitness center clients nutrition focused on protein and magnesium intake
Pajič, Barbora ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráková Doležalová, Radka (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the importance of protein and magnesium in the diet of recreational visitors to fitness centers. Excessive protein intake at the expense of other macronutrients is a very common phenomenon in the fitness sector. Magnesium is an important element for muscle regeneration and its deficiency can have a negative effect on weight reduction and muscle gain, leading to fatigue and cramps, which many athletes encounter. As visits to the fitness center become more and more popular nowadays, it is important that athletes are not subject to misleading and confusing information from the internet and look for proven sources. The aim of the diploma thesis was to compare eating habits, especially protein and magnesium intake, in two groups of people divided according to the frequency of training in the fitness center. This work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with nutrition in the fitness industry in general, but more attention is focused on proteins and magnesium. Quantitative research using a questionnaire survey was chosen for the practical part of the work. A total of 30 respondents participated in the research, divided into two groups - athletes and non-athletes. Non-athletes were considered to be those who have two or fewer workouts per...
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Nutritional specifics in OCR
Lišková, Lucie ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition of competitors in the obstacle sport known by the abbreviation OCR. The main task of this work is to describe the importance and significance of sports nutrition and its timing in this strength and endurance sport and consequently compare the diet of OCR competitors with nutritional recommendations for this sport. The aim of the work is to determine what awareness competitors in this sport have about sports nutrition and whether their energy intake is sufficient. The method of evaluation of the dietary record was used for the solution, to which a short questionnaire on the characteristics of the athlete and his training was attached. The research group consisted of 12 competitors (5 women and 7 men) in the age range of 19-33 years. Through research, I found that energy intake was not sufficient for both women and men. The average daily energy intake for women was 8,076 kJ, which corresponds to 83% of the recommended daily intake for this group of women, for men this average intake was 10,519 kJ, i.e. 82% of the recommended standard. In particular, carbohydrates played a key role in inadequate energy intake, their amount being significantly lower than recommended in both sexes. Based on quantitative research, I can say that OCR competitors do not have...
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Differences in the eating habits of rowers and crossfit athletes
Kadlecová, Nikola ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráková Doležalová, Radka (referee)
The theme of this thesis is sports diet. It is divided into two parts. A theoretical part explains balanced died. It describes the mechanics of energy generation during physical activity and the characteristics of rowing and Crossfit. The focus is on diet in those disciplines. Based on the theoretical foundation is build a practical part, where the statistical data are analyzed and evaluated. The goal of this thesis is to discover, whether there is a difference between rower's and Crossfit athlete's diets. To find out, specialized questionaries about eating habits have been used. Sixteen sportsmen/sportswomen have filled the questionaries. Based upon collected data about their intake of selected nutrients in the last month, there were no statistically significant differences in energy income, protein consumption (neither animal nor plant-based), amount of fruit and vegetables, fatty acid spectrum nor added sugar income. The data have nonetheless indicated differences, eg. Crossfitters tend to have higher animal protein consumption and lower intake of fruit. Key words: crossfit, eating habits, nutrition, rowing, sport diet
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Nutrition of astronauts
Žabová, Anna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Petráková Doležalová, Radka (referee)
This non-experimental diploma thesis is focused on nutrition in space and all aspects associated with it. The first part deals with human physiology in microgravity. These are changes affecting the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, digestive, immune and central nervous systems, but also the consequences of long-term isolation, confined space and cosmic radiation in terms of the nutritional profile of space mission participants. The second part describes the spacefood system and maps the Soviet (later Russian) and American past, present and future in terms of the development of space nutrition and food. The third part focuses on the functioning of space medicine and dietetics, together with interesting projects and programs that have helped or continue to help improve space food systems. Thanks to these programs, the future settlement of the universe will become more realistic. keywords: nutrition, nutrition in space, spacefood, cosmonaut, astronaut, space
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The level of first-aid procedures knowledge amongst floorball trainers
Kylarová, Radka ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Title: The level of first-aid procedures knowledge amongst floorball trainers Objectives: The primary aim of this research was to identify to what extent trainers of the Czech highest female floorball league are familiar with the first-aid procedures. Methods: In this research, the sampling method was carried out in the form of an anonymous questionnaire, which was constructed from two parts. The first part of the questionnaire assessed general knowledge (7 questions). The second part tested the participants through a random scenario (15 questions). The number of respondents counted a total of 17 B-licensed trainers, both male and female. The questionnaire was completed with the assistance of the Czech Floorball Union, and the collected data was presented in graphs. Results: Based on the anonymous questionnaire, the findings showed the above-average experience of trainers providing first-aid, during both floorball practice or competition. The most common injures were the least serious, such as the wind knocked out, muscle / ligament strain. The results showed that the knowledge of coaches in not sufficient (the average percentage of correct answers among respondent is only 62 % in total), and moreover they are influenced by the scope of the first aid course and when the course was graduated. But...
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