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Mobile applications and CLIL method in Biology classes
Valtrová, Pavlína ; Kotvaltová Sezemská, Karolína (advisor) ; Chlebounová, Irena (referee)
This thesis deals with CLIL method and usage of mobile applications in Biology classes. CLIL stands for "Content and Language Integrated Learning". It is a teaching method that combines foreign language and other subject; in this case it is English and Biology. Not only CLIL helps with improvement of communication skills but also pupils accomplish higher level both in speaking and listening. The main goal of this thesis is to find out if this method is convenient for pupils of primary school. I designed 5 lesson plans that combine CLIL and usage of mobile phone. In addition, I created a worksheet for every class (A4 size, 2 pages). The lessons are focused on following topics: universe, food relations, cell biology, fungi biology and invertebrates. All the lessons are designed for the 6th grade of primary school. Each worksheet is for one lesson and uses different mobile application. Every worksheet comes with different mobile application. The biggest advantage of cell phone is its availability, because almost everyone has got one. Research has shown that it leads to higher variability within the class. Also, it leads to higher motivation, so pupils are more active. The main objective of this work is to ascertain how usage of cell phone impacts the learning process. The research was realized in a...
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Meiosis and fertility of juvenile mouse males
Valtrová, Pavlína ; Trachtulec, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Reifová, Radka (referee)
This work is a summary of literature on pecularities of spermatogenesis in juvenile mouse males (Mus musculus) and their utilization. Spermatogenesis is a process that leads through meiosis to sperm production. The cell undergoes in waves the following cell types: spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa. Juvenile mice (whose testes size and sperm count have not reached their maximum) are often used to study individual cell types. The transition between cell types takes shorter time in juveniles. Spermatozoa from the 1st wave of spermatogenesis (WS) are derived from prenatal gonocytes, allowing earlier sperm production. They have a lower frequency of crossing over (CO rate) due to a different processing of CO intermediates; the consequence can be aneuploidy (one chromosome less/more). Spermatozoa from the 2nd WS still display lower CO rate. In 3rd WS testes descend and their temperature decreases to 33řC; CO rate is more like in adults. In 4th WS is typical testicular supportive cells mature and CO rate is similar to adult levels. Juvenile males also suffer from more frequent and severe sperm malformations. Low CO rate should not have an impact on fertility; errors are eliminated during meiotic checkpoints. However, the children of young fathers have a higher risk of aneuploidy,...
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