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Design of an electric aromalamp
Vávrová, Anna ; Zvonek, Miroslav (referee) ; Rajlich, Jan (advisor)
The thesis focuses on design of an electric aromalamp in such a way that it would fulfil the basic technical, ergonomic, and aesthetic demands and in the same time bring new perception of the given issue, particularly as far as the general shape interpretation and expression is concerned. The final product should follow the trend of simple design, the focus on a wide scale of potential users, and last, but not least, it should follow the teaching about harmonic interior design, of which the aromalamp is a part.
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Corporate identity of student theatre festival
Vávrová, Anna ; Chorý, Tomáš (referee) ; Rajlich, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the creation of corporate indentity of student festival Salon původní tvorby at the Theatre Department of Janacek Academy of Brno. The objective of the thseis is to assess the theoretical rules of creating corporate identity and then to apply them on creating the logo and logotype of the festival that could be used for any theme of the festival. Furthermore the thesis creates the design of the actual year, Salon [si ty]. There it attemps mainly for the increase of presentation of the festival and the orientation of the participants. The design follows the ergonomic, constrictional and other rules set up in the theoretical research.
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Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in fibroblasts
Tükörová, Katarína ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vávrová, Anna (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Katarína Tükörová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in fibroblasts Transdermal permeation enhancers facilitate the process of drug penetration trough the skin barrier into the systemic circulation or into surrounding tissues. This approach has many advantages compared to traditional ways of drug administration, hence we observe intense research in this area in last decades. The mechanism of action of enhancers is not exactly elucidated yet. They reduce reversibly barrier properties of skin by nonspecific interactions with components of the stratum corneum (SC), i.e. proteins and lipids, or change the partitioning between the SC and the drug. The aim of our work was to determine the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers comparing IC50 values of new substances synthesized in our department with clinically used agents. The mouse embryonic fibroblasts 3T3 cell line was used in our assay. We used the MTT test to determine the viability of cells, only viable cells were able to reduce the yellow dye to blue formazan. Cells were treated with selected...
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Study of the role of glutathione in the anthracycline-induced cardiomyocyte injury
Vávrová, Anna ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kvasničková, Eva (referee)
The clinical usefulness of anthracycline antineoplastic drugs has been limited by the risk of serious cardiotoxicity. Its precise mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, although the oxidative stress is widely believed to play a principal role. The anthracycline toxicity to heart may result from its high accumulation in myocardial tissue, richness on mitochondria producing reactive oxygen species and relatively poor antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. This study is focused on the role glutathione in daunorubicin (DAU)-induced cardiotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Total, reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) have been determined by a spectrophotometric method using dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) in DAU (0.1 - 10 µM) - exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell line and heart tissue from daunorubicin-treated rabbits (3mg/kg weekly, 10 weeks). In H9c2 cells, DAU induced significant toxicity (IC50=0.48 µM), levels of total glutathione were slightly but insignificantly decreased, the levels of oxidized glutathione were unafected. Neither buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis) nor 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine-carboxylic acid (OTC, a glutathione synthetic precursor) had any significant effects of DAU cytotoxicity. This contrasted...
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Birds in Textbooks for Elementary Schools and Lower Grammar Schools (Analysis of the Graphic Design of the Chapter Birds with Focused on Model Species)
Vávrová, Anna ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Poupová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the graphic processing of the chapter Birds (Aves) in natural science textbooks for teaching at elementary school or lower grammar school with a focus on the model species (hereinafter referred to as MS) used for the chapter. The focus on MS stems from the fact that the authors choose different taxa representatives from the taxon, they are not uniformly displayed or described. The theoretical part of the DT deals with the definition of a textbook and the possibilities of its analysis. In particular, research is described here, which focuses on the importance of graphic information in textbooks and misconceptions in pupils for the taxon birds. In the second part of the chapter I deal with the characteristics of the bird taxon. In the practical part of DT, my first goal is to map and analyze graphic information and its processing for the taxon birds (Aves) in natural science textbooks for primary and lower grammar school. The analysis involves the comparison of specific textbooks, the ways in which they are displayed, the ways of describing them in the text and other characteristics that relate to all general pictures that show important features of the group. Another aim of this part of DT is to describe and evaluate the MS for the bird tax (Aves), which would be...
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Conceptions about the Origin of Life in Science vs. High School Textbooks
Vávrová, Anna ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Toman, Jan (referee)
The theory of the origin of life in lessons of biology in secondary schools - this topic is limited on concepts such as abiogenesis, panspermia, creationism, biological and chemical evolution in textbooks. What was written in textbooks years ago is, in many cases, no longer upto date. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the most recent scientific pieces of knowledge relevant to the topic of the origin of life and ensuingly compare them with the material that is presented to students at secondary schools. This bachelor thesis consists of three parts, where the first is a literary research focused on technical scientific articles dealing with the topic of the origin of life (cell). The following part contains a research of the contents of educational material and textbooks, and I compare the two previous parts in the last one. My effort is to point out information that can already be mistaken or archaic, and are being lectured to students as facts in secondary schools. After comparing the current knowledge with the contents of the textbooks I have used today, I would recommend the actual interpretation to be updated by the information that has been enriched in the past years.
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Cardiotoxicity of Antineoplastic Drugs: Study of the Molecular Mechanisms and the Possibilities of Pharmacological Cardioprotection
Vávrová, Anna ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hrdina, Radomír (referee) ; Jun, Daniel (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Anna Vávrová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Cardiotoxicity of antineoplastic drugs: Study of the molecular mechanisms and the possibilities of pharmacological cardioprotection. Anthracyclines are amongst the most widely used antineoplastic agents. Nevertheless, their use is limited by the risk of cardiotoxicity. Dexrazoxane has been the only approved cardioprotectant against anthracycline cardiotoxicity so far. Despite half a century of research, the mechanisms of its cardioprotective ability as well as the mechanisms of anthracycline toxicity are elusive. In this study, we focused on the study of the molecular mechanisms of dexrazoxane cardioprotection. We did not prove the principal role of glutathione and related antioxidant enzymes in the pathogenesis of anthracycline cardiotoxicity both in the in vitro experiments and in vivo in the samples of left ventricles from the well-established model of chronic anthracycline cardiotoxicity in rabbits. Moreover, we found that in vitro dexrazoxane is able to protect the isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes against anthracycline-, but not hydrogen peroxide-induced damage. As dexrazoxane is also a...
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Assessment of the cytotoxix effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in keratinocytes
Wojnarová, Lea ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vávrová, Anna (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciencis Candidate: Lea Wojnarová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in keratinocytes Only a few drugs are able to permeate through the skin and reach therapeutic concentration in the systemic circulation. One method to enable transdermal administration can be the use of accelerants transdermal penetration. These substances affect different mechanisms and reversibly reduce the barrier properties of the skin. Substances which are used in clinical practice must fulfill strict criteria which include: efficiency and compatibility of the drug and accelerants; it must be non-toxic; non- irritating and without own pharmacological effect. In our research we studied selected transdermal penetration enhancers, namely Azone, dodecanol, DDAIP, DDAK, Transkarbam 12 and new derivatives of amino acids proline - LP12/2 and DP12/2 enantiomers and sarcosine - 12Sar2. The aim of our study was to determine the cytotoxicity effect of accelerants and assess whether the apoptosis was activated. These effects were studied using the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. To determine the cytotoxic properties of accelerants,...
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Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in fibroblasts
Tükörová, Katarína ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vávrová, Anna (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Katarína Tükörová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Šimůnek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Assessment of the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers in fibroblasts Transdermal permeation enhancers facilitate the process of drug penetration trough the skin barrier into the systemic circulation or into surrounding tissues. This approach has many advantages compared to traditional ways of drug administration, hence we observe intense research in this area in last decades. The mechanism of action of enhancers is not exactly elucidated yet. They reduce reversibly barrier properties of skin by nonspecific interactions with components of the stratum corneum (SC), i.e. proteins and lipids, or change the partitioning between the SC and the drug. The aim of our work was to determine the cytotoxic effects of selected transdermal permeation enhancers comparing IC50 values of new substances synthesized in our department with clinically used agents. The mouse embryonic fibroblasts 3T3 cell line was used in our assay. We used the MTT test to determine the viability of cells, only viable cells were able to reduce the yellow dye to blue formazan. Cells were treated with selected...
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Study of the role of glutathione in the anthracycline-induced cardiomyocyte injury
Vávrová, Anna ; Šimůnek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kvasničková, Eva (referee)
The clinical usefulness of anthracycline antineoplastic drugs has been limited by the risk of serious cardiotoxicity. Its precise mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, although the oxidative stress is widely believed to play a principal role. The anthracycline toxicity to heart may result from its high accumulation in myocardial tissue, richness on mitochondria producing reactive oxygen species and relatively poor antioxidant systems including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. This study is focused on the role glutathione in daunorubicin (DAU)-induced cardiotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Total, reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) have been determined by a spectrophotometric method using dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) in DAU (0.1 - 10 µM) - exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell line and heart tissue from daunorubicin-treated rabbits (3mg/kg weekly, 10 weeks). In H9c2 cells, DAU induced significant toxicity (IC50=0.48 µM), levels of total glutathione were slightly but insignificantly decreased, the levels of oxidized glutathione were unafected. Neither buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis) nor 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine-carboxylic acid (OTC, a glutathione synthetic precursor) had any significant effects of DAU cytotoxicity. This contrasted...
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