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Use of some fractions of technical hemp in cosmetics and pharmacy
Pavlištíková, Nela ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Hemp is known as a versatile usable plant with many industrial applications including pharmaceutical industry. The subject of this bachelor's thesis was to characterize the fractions of cannabis produced during its processing and their applications in cosmetics and pharmacy. In the theoretical part the characteristics of the plant, its chemical composition and bioactive substances are worked out. In the experimental part, some metabolites present in hydrolysates of hemp flour and hemp sludge were determined. All fractions were obtained from the Santhica variety. In the samples the content of carbohydrates, lipids, polyphenols, chlorophylls, fatty acid profile, acidity number and iodine number were determined. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity of hemp hydrolysates was tested and fat numbers of the sludge samples were determined. Hemp soaps from hemp sludge and coconut oil were prepared and analysed by sensory tests too. Hemp flour hydrolysate was used in shampoo, which was tested on humans. It was demonstrated that all the materials used were safe and suitable for use. The prepared soaps showed a hydration effect when washing hands. Hemp shampoo application led to smooth and soft hair when washed.
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Application of microbial oils in cosmetics
Reichertová, Klára ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the application of microbial oil in a cosmetic product. Eight strains of yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia were examined, namely Metschnikowia pulcherrima 145, Metschnikowia pulcherrima 147, Metschnikowia pulcherrima 149, Metschnikowia andauensis 129, Metschnikowia andauensis 1241, Metschnikowia sinensis 1244, Metschnikowia zizyphicola 1247 and Metschnikowia shanxiensis 1250 for production of microbial oil. Substrates made of technical hemp (hemp flour, hydrolyzate and a mixture of leaves and flowers) were used for cultivation. The cultivation was performed at reduced temperature with the advantage of lipid production. The composition and ratio of fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography According to these resulst was choosen the best lipid producer and the most abundant substrate. This was the strain Metschnikowia zizyphicola 1247 and the substrate of hemp flour. At the end of the practical part was prepared a cream, into which the microbial oil was mixed. Finally, an evaluation of the oil with regard to its use in cosmetics and a comparison with vegetable oil with the same fatty acid profile are given.
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Preparation and characterization of nanofiber wound dressings
Jiroušková, Pavla ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the preparation and characterization of nanofiber wound dressings. The materials used for the preparation of nanofibers were poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and gelatin. Active substances, such as ampicillin and ibuprofen, were incorporated into the wound dressings. In the theoretical part of the work skin, wound healing, and nanofibers and their properties were described. This part also deals with the use of nanofibers as wound dressings. Additionally, it depicts materials suitable for the preparation of nanofiber wound dressings. Furthermore, this section contains a review focused on various methods of preparation of nanofibers, drugs that can be incorporated into the fibers and the subsequent determination of the safety of the prepared dressings. In the experimental part, nanofiber wound dressings containing ampicillin and ibuprofen were produced. The maximum possible amount of active substance feasible to be incorporated into the nanofibers has been determined. Subsequently, combined wound dressings were prepared to study the release rate of active substances into the model environments. The release in the time intervals was determined spectrophotometrically. Finally, antimicrobial activity assays were performed to test the effect of dressings containing ampicillin on selected strains of microbiirganism: S. Epidermidis, E. Coli and M. Luteus
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Processsing of food supplements based on medical types of mushrooms
Vetchá, Vendula ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Hoová, Julie (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the characterization of nutrition substances in medical mushrooms, specifically Ganoderma lucidum and Hericium erinaceus. It also focuses on the biological impact of these rare mushrooms on human cell lines HaCaT and Caco-2, and investigates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 by immortalized keratinocytes and colon cancer cells after exposure to aqueous extracts prepared from mushroom powder. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the characterization of mushrooms in terms of morphological characteristics and their taxonomic classification. It further studies the effects of edible and medicinal species and provides a detailed description of medicinal mushrooms such as Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Grifola frondosa, Hericium erinaceus and Pleurotus ostreatus, thesis informing about their effects, utilization and possibilities for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. It mentions possible negative effects of mushrooms on consumers' health and presents methods for processing mushrooms and their use in the food industry. Finally, it focuses on the possibilities of in vitro toxicity testing and provides a brief overview of commonly used cytotoxicity tests such as the MTT test and LDH test. The experimental part of the thesis deals with the preparation of water extracts from mushroom powders and their characterization in terms of nutritional and biologically active substances. HPLC analysis is used to monitor the content of lipophilic substances and vitamin C in mushroom samples. To confirm the biological effect on human health, antimicrobial tests were performed using four model microorganisms, and cytotoxicity tests were performed on two human cell lines. Lastly, a sensory analysis of instant vegetable soup enriched with mushroom powder was performed. Biological effects of the analyzed powdered extracts from Ganoderma lucidum mushroom have been confirmed, especially their cytotoxic effect on colon epithelial tumor cells. However, the application of reishi in the food industry is not easy due to the presence of triterpenoids that cause a bitter taste. On the other hand, the safety of using the Hericium erinaceus mushroom in food has been confirmed through cytotoxicity tests. Sensory analysis results have shown a positive effect of Hericium erinaceus on the taste profile of instant vegetable soups.
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USE OF COMPLEX EXTRACTS FROM PLANT AND MICROORGANISMS IN FOODS AND COSMETICS
Uhlířová, Renata ; Kovalčík, Adriána (referee) ; Vorlová, Lenka (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The presented doctoral thesis is focused on optimalization of preparation of extracts of various origin (plant and microbial). The influence of extraction agent, disintegration of microbial cells as well as special techniques for enhancement of extraction process effectiveness (ultrasound and microwaves) were monitored. As part of the characterization, considering the source material, the composition of the prepared extracts was analyzed both spectrophotometrically and using liquid and gas chromatography. The most suitable extraction procedure varies depending on the type of material. For herbal samples, the highest content of active substances was achieved when the extraction facilitated by microwaves was used. Contrarily, the optimal method for cyanobacteria is the traditional extraction method, which is carried out for 24 hours at laboratory temperature. The most suitable method for extracting the active substances from yeast was a combination of DMSO, ethanol and hexane. Further, the effect of extracts on microbial cultures of bacteria (E. coli, S. epidermidis, C. acnes) and yeast (C. glabrata) was observed. For cytotoxicity evaluation MTT and LDH assays were performed on HaCaT and Caco2 human cell lines. The antimicrobial tests have demonstrated the antimicrobial, antibacterial and antifungal effect of a numerous extracts, especially the essential oils of Lavandula angustifolia and Mentha piperita. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity tests showed that the most of the extracts were safe for the use in the food industry and cosmetics within a range of up to 10% by volume. To improve stability, the prepared extracts were enclosed into liposomal particles enriched with PHB polymer (0–100%). Using a ZeteSizer NanoZS device, the particles' size, polydispersity index, and colloidal stability were assessed. The cryoTEM was used to examine the particle´s morphology. Liposomes and liposomes with the addition of 20 % PHB (PHB20) were evaluated as the most suitable particles for encapsulation of the prepared extracts. Excellent stability and high encapsulation efficiency were displayed by the produced particles. Genotoxicity testing with SOS chromotest on the model organism E. coli did not reveal any genotoxic effects. As an alternative method to achieve stabilization of active substances, nanofibers from PHB were prepared by three different techniques and gelatin nanofibers by electrospinning. The fibers were monitored for their diameter, uniformity, distribution on the collector using SEM and the gradual release of active substances from the fiber structure. The evaluations revealed that the forcespinning and electrospinning techniques were the most appropriate for further investigation. A continuous release of active ingredients was achieved by incorporating extracts into nanofibers. Several applications of prepared materials in the food industry and cosmetics were designed and developed as part of this work. The base emulsion's stability and general qualities were improved when green coffee and carotenogenic yeast extracts were added. The usage of emulsions containing coffee and yeast extracts would be suitable as sunscreens, and after the addition of Spirulina extract, as day or night anti-wrinkle creams. Energy drinks of the new type based on coffee with the addition of encapsulated plant extracts enable gradual release of caffeine and antioxidants during digestion.
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Use of some fractions of technical hemp in cosmetics and pharmacy
Pavlištíková, Nela ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Hemp is known as a versatile usable plant with many industrial applications including pharmaceutical industry. The subject of this bachelor's thesis was to characterize the fractions of cannabis produced during its processing and their applications in cosmetics and pharmacy. In the theoretical part the characteristics of the plant, its chemical composition and bioactive substances are worked out. In the experimental part, some metabolites present in hydrolysates of hemp flour and hemp sludge were determined. All fractions were obtained from the Santhica variety. In the samples the content of carbohydrates, lipids, polyphenols, chlorophylls, fatty acid profile, acidity number and iodine number were determined. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity of hemp hydrolysates was tested and fat numbers of the sludge samples were determined. Hemp soaps from hemp sludge and coconut oil were prepared and analysed by sensory tests too. Hemp flour hydrolysate was used in shampoo, which was tested on humans. It was demonstrated that all the materials used were safe and suitable for use. The prepared soaps showed a hydration effect when washing hands. Hemp shampoo application led to smooth and soft hair when washed.
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Preparation and characterization of nanofiber wound dressings
Jiroušková, Pavla ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the preparation and characterization of nanofiber wound dressings. The materials used for the preparation of nanofibers were poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and gelatin. Active substances, such as ampicillin and ibuprofen, were incorporated into the wound dressings. In the theoretical part of the work skin, wound healing, and nanofibers and their properties were described. This part also deals with the use of nanofibers as wound dressings. Additionally, it depicts materials suitable for the preparation of nanofiber wound dressings. Furthermore, this section contains a review focused on various methods of preparation of nanofibers, drugs that can be incorporated into the fibers and the subsequent determination of the safety of the prepared dressings. In the experimental part, nanofiber wound dressings containing ampicillin and ibuprofen were produced. The maximum possible amount of active substance feasible to be incorporated into the nanofibers has been determined. Subsequently, combined wound dressings were prepared to study the release rate of active substances into the model environments. The release in the time intervals was determined spectrophotometrically. Finally, antimicrobial activity assays were performed to test the effect of dressings containing ampicillin on selected strains of microbiirganism: S. Epidermidis, E. Coli and M. Luteus
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Application of microbial oils in cosmetics
Reichertová, Klára ; Uhlířová, Renata (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the application of microbial oil in a cosmetic product. Eight strains of yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia were examined, namely Metschnikowia pulcherrima 145, Metschnikowia pulcherrima 147, Metschnikowia pulcherrima 149, Metschnikowia andauensis 129, Metschnikowia andauensis 1241, Metschnikowia sinensis 1244, Metschnikowia zizyphicola 1247 and Metschnikowia shanxiensis 1250 for production of microbial oil. Substrates made of technical hemp (hemp flour, hydrolyzate and a mixture of leaves and flowers) were used for cultivation. The cultivation was performed at reduced temperature with the advantage of lipid production. The composition and ratio of fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography According to these resulst was choosen the best lipid producer and the most abundant substrate. This was the strain Metschnikowia zizyphicola 1247 and the substrate of hemp flour. At the end of the practical part was prepared a cream, into which the microbial oil was mixed. Finally, an evaluation of the oil with regard to its use in cosmetics and a comparison with vegetable oil with the same fatty acid profile are given.
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