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The "New subjectivism" in the Swiss-German literature in the Seventies of the 20th century
Kimla, Tomáš ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
The thesis deals with the German-speaking Swiss literature of the Sixties and Seventies in the 20th century. The crux of the thesis consists in a characterization of sociopolitical situation in Switzerland after 1968 and it also outlines the reaction of the literary public to the considerably politicized public events that started to sink into literary topics which resulted in a palpable threat to the artistic independence of the contemporary Swiss authors. The first part of the thesis conducts an analysis of causes and consequences of the politicization of social events and primarily focuses on the transformation of structure of Swiss society at the turn of the Sixties and Seventies, furthermore, it deals with the uncompromising reaction on the part of the Swiss society to the threat of state subversion which, in fact, resulted from the strengthening of leftist groups in the Swiss territory. The second part of the thesis deals with the reaction of the literary public to the turbulent social events and outlines main tendencies of a new literary style that originated from the excessive politicization of literary topics, namely the literature of "New subjectivism". The final part of the thesis is made up of a literary analysis of three characteristic pieces of work that, on the cusp of the literature of "New...
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The genre nouvelle illustrated with "Immensee" by Theodor Storm
Kellnerová, Jana ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
In the first part, this diploma paper is going to treat the conception of nouvelle, questions of the definition and the history of this literature genre. The second part is going to be focused on the life and novellistic work of the Northgerman writer Theodor Storm in particular - the characteristics of the nouvelles of Storms, realistic and romantic elements, themas. The last part of this diploma paper is the analyse of the nouvelle "Immensee", the chapter "Reinhards Bad im See" in particular.
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Alchemistic features in the novels of Gustav Meyrink
Markvartová, Eva ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee) ; Glosíková, Viera (referee)
The dissertation "Alchemistic features in the novels of Gustav Meyrink/Alchemistische Züge in den Romanen von Gustav Meyrink" addresses the question of how alchemy is reflected in the works of the author and the extent to which it constitutes the intellectual profile of his novels. As a basis for the analysis I chose the books The Golem/Der Golem (1915), The White Dominican/Der weiße Dominikaner (1921) and The Angel of the West Window/Der Engel vom westlichen Fenster (1926), in which, in my opinion, Hermetic art plays a very significant role. I try to show how uniquely Meyrink integrates the Royal Art into the conception of his works. Alchemists call their efforts a Great Work/Opus Magnum. I perceive the Opus Magnum and its individual components (putrefaction, albedo, rubedo) in selected works as a structure that is expressed both comprehensively (e.g. in how Meyrink handles the subject matter, the characters and the space), as well as in particular moments (e.g. in individual motifs). The Great Work can be seen as a red thread that runs through all the aforementioned novels. Furthermore, in the book The Golem I also took account of Tarot symbolism, because between alchemy and Tarot mysticism there can be found many points of contact. The aim of the work itself is to explain the most important ideas of the...
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Christian view of the world in the works of Stefan Andres
Vojteková, Alžběta ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
Stefan Andres (1906 - 1970), a German prosaist, poet and playwriter was continuously writing from the thirties of the twentieth century until his death. The number and the extent of his works is considerable even though they are scarcely known to the current reader. In his lifetime, he was a well-read and popular author, but he slowly fell into oblivion not only among readers but also among germanists and students of germanistics. The aim of the thesis is to consequently present life and work of Stefan Andres focusing on his trilogy Die Sintflut (Flood). Die Sintflut, as well as other Andres' works, is an artistic, human but also politic testimony. This leads to other domain of Andres' activities - his political involvement. He disapproved of nacism and German postwar situation. The thesis comes to the conclusion that Andres' political agenda, mirrored in his works, emanates from and is motivated by his Christian conviction. Even a brief glance at Andres' novels, novellas and short stories allows to form a judgment that the meeting point of Andres' thoughts is Christian faith. He is rightfully categorized amongst Christian, conservative or directly among catholic authors even though he was a very unorthodox Christian. Novellas, which are still read, or at least evoked (their distinctive trait is that they...
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The comparison of Grillparzer's and Horn's King Ottokar and the response of Czech cultural public to both plays
Mišoňová, Anežka ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
This dissertation commences with a short overview of German and Czech poetry, drama and fiction on the Bohemian King Přemysl Ottokar II. The second chapter discusses the times in which the tragedy König Ottokars Glück und Ende by Franz Grillparzer was written, and the circumstances of its creation - including information on censorship, critical reaction by Czechs in Vienna, Grillparzer's relation to the Bohemians as well as a description of his stays in Moravia and Prague. The third chapter is concerned with the life of Uffo Daniel Horn, particularly with his political engagement with the revolution of 1848 and with changes in his relation to the Czech nation before and after the revolution. The fourth chapter offers comparisons of Horn's two versions of König Otakar, and of Grillparzer's and Horn's plays - in the light of their construction, action, protagonists and their characteristics. The final chapter deals with the responses of the Czech cultural public, in chronological order.
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Transformations and permanent aspects of the conflict between fathers and sons in twentieth- and twenty-first century German literature
Jansová, Kristina ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
My diploma thesis is focused on literary analysis of the motif of relationship between father and son in the German literature of the 20th and 21st century. The aim was to investigate, in selected texts, the reasons and forms of periodic updating of this old literary motif in various stages of spiritual and social development of the last century. The original texts were selected on the basis of representativeness of the topic and from the time perspective for one generation. The selection contains following texts Franz Kafka's Das Urteil, Die Verwandlung, Walter Hasenclever's Der Sohn, Nicht der Mörder, der Ermordete ist schuldig by Franz Werfel, Vatermord by Arnolt Bronnen, Hamlet oder die lange Nacht nimmt ein Ende by Alfred Döblin, Der Schwarze Schwan by Martin Walser, Das Buch des Vaters by Urs Widmer and Am Seil by Thomas Lang. Constants of the relationship between father and son have had to be identified because each particular relationship naturally bears individual features and is influenced by the time period in which it exists. The constants served as a scaffold for the thesis and were used as the main criterion for analysis of the investigated texts. First, the constant of the father's nature and its influence on the upbringing and relationship with his son was used. Second, the reactions of the...
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Literary portrayal of the mother character in selected novels by Elfriede Jelinek
Povejšilová, Klára ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
In the beginning of my thesis there is an overview of the mother and woman role from the Middle Age till the present. In the first chapter I introduce four mothers from two novels by Elfriede Jelinek. I'm trying to display the way they are portrayed in a political system and a concrete period. The Next chapter explains the terms "sex" and "gender". Elfriede Jelinek shows the feminine and masculine principles as stereotypical. Disequilibrium between these two principles concludes to the lability of an individuum and the society. The author reduces females to their bodies. The body is being considered a product of a capitalist market. In the fascist-regime the body is an object which is aimed for liquidation. The dirtiness-motive appears as a metaphor for the way of thinking of petty bourgeois, for the complicity and guilt for Nazi crimes and also as a metaphor for feminine physiological procedures. The next chapter is dedicated to the mother and father-children-relation. The children deprecate their parents but at the same time they repeat their behavior. The border-motive is typical for both chosen novels. The children try to cross the social and also the geographical border (Anna's studies in the USA, Erika's world wide popularity). The last chapter treats Jelinek's linguistic method. I mentioned...
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Dramatist and performer Werner Schwab. A contribution to Austrian postmodernism
Narwová, Michaela ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis gives a comprehensive picture of Werner Schwab, Austrian playwright and performer. He ranked among the most performed German-speaking authors at the time of his death in 1994. The main objective of this work, whose basis lies in Schwab's dramatic production, is to provide a comprehensive monographic study. The thesis deals not only with the dramas, but also with their relationship to the theatrical production of Thomas Bernhard and Elfriede Jelinek. The chapter on the author's personal life is followed by chapters "Postdramatic Theatre", "Theatre of Cruelty", and "Folk Play", where you can find the answer to the question of the place of Schwab's drama in the overall concept of literature at the end of the 20th century. Particular attention is paid to the unique language usage he developed, called "Schwabisch" after the author.
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Wolfgang Koeppen's novels: "Littérature engagée" and experimental prose
Spěváčková, Tereza ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
This dissertation discusses the post-war trilogy of the German writer Wolfgang Koeppen (1906-1996): Tauben im Gras (1951), Das Treibhaus (1953) and Der Tod in Rom (1954). The first part of this paper gives a political-cultural concise of the years 1945-1965, with an emphasis on the fifties. At that time Germany goes through the process of the economic-mirage and according to this the Germans get back their lost self-assurance. By the same mail is increasingly obvious, that the vision of a complete beginning failed and that the conservative policy of Adenauer follows the beaten track of the pre-war period. From urgent political questions of the year 1945 the German interest turns over to security their own prosperity, middleclass comfort. The horrors of war seem to be forgotten and instead of the "collective guilt" comes the "collective amnesia". This fundamental change didn't stay unnoticed. A critical reflection happend mainly through the young authors united in the Gruppe 47. Beside their line and on the edge of the contemporary literary events Wolfgang Koeppen delivers his loud protest against the post-war development of the German society. In the following part, which sets up the crux of the whole paper, is given an analysis of the individual novels in the context of the time of their appearance and the...
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Analysis of the motifs in the novel "Sansibar oder Der letzte Grund" by Alfred Andersch
Turinek, Jakub ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse motives of Alfred Andersch's novel "Sansibar oder Der letzte Grund" (Flight to Afar) which was written in 1957. The first chapter of the thesis looks at the West German literature in the first post-war years and then in 60's and 70's when both the German literature and public had to put up with the horrors of war and accusations of collective guilt. The so called "point zero" signalling the start of a new German literature is, somewhat, disputed. Twelve years of the fascist regime interrupted the continuity of German literature unlike in politics where this period marked the end of a political system. Immediately after 1945, the literary life in Germany was given a chance to analyse and process what had happened. Literature was written mainly by emigrants in this period. The volume of their production was large but many of these books could be published only after the war. The most popular genre was a historical novel. Not even authors of the "internal emigration" provided any new impetus after the war. Only the post-war literature in the FRG and writers belonging to the literary circle Group 47 managed to do this. The most frequent themes include the issue of the Nazi past, reflection of the post-war reality including the Cold War and economic miracle. In the 60's other...
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