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Observing how future primary school teachers reason about fractions
Samková, L. ; Tichá, Marie
The contribution focuses on the possibility to use an educational tool called Concept Cartoons in future primary school teachers' education, especially as an instrument for observing how future primary school teachers reason about fractions. The task which we adapted to the Concept Cartoons form belongs to primary school mathematics, i.e. it focuses on the concept of a fraction per se, in particular on the parts-and-whole decision and on comparison of two pre-partitioned models with diverse wholes. Using Concept Cartoons, we observe which statements about the issue our respondents consider as correct, and which kinds of reasoning they use in their justifications. We also mention other related concepts (percentages), and related tasks from entrance exams to lower-secondary selective schools.
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Sitting balance in stroke patients. Objective evaluation of stabilisation mechanism exercises.
Chábová, Marianna ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Břízová, Marie (referee)
Author: Marianna Chábová Tutor: MUDr. Marie Tichá Opponent: Title of bachelor thesis: Sitting balance in stroke patients - objective evaluation of stabilisation mechanism exercises Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of sitting balance in stroke patients and objective evaluation of stabilization mechanism exercises. Sitting balance in stroke patients is one of the important goals in rehabilitation which leads to patient self-reliance development, standing balance and firm locomotion. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the stroke and subsequent sitting balance in stroke patients. There is also an introduction to the diagnosis of the sitting balance methods used in the practical part - Sitting Balance Score test and HomeBalance device. The practical part of the thesis examines four patients after stroke divided into 2 groups. The first group takes 10 therapies focussed on the sitting balance using the HomeBalance device, each of them 15 minutes long. The second group take no therapy using this device. All patients got through the same diagnosis of the sitting balance using the tests mentioned above at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The testing results have confirmed an improvement of the sitting balance in patients who have undergone the HomeBalance therapy and...
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Inquiry based mathematics education: case of fractions
Podhajská, Kristýna ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
The theoretical part deals with approaches to teaching, especially constructivistic, instructivistic and transmissive approach. The goal of this part is to compare the approaches and evaluate them considering the permanency of knowledge and active engagement of students. Simultaneously it aims at evaluating the approaches from the point of their of the mechanical knowledge. The charter dealing with inquiry based mathematics education is focused on teaching related to constructivistic approach. The next chapter describes tool called concept cartoons, which can be used as a mean to research. The theoretical part is focused on the topic of fraction, especially fraction interpretation and models and fraction representation. The second part of the thesis describes a survey realized at basic school. I narrowed the problem to fraction interpretation and representation according to survey of student's work. The next part of research is based on this analysis. Trying to accomplish the aims and find the answers to questions of the survey I chose strategy inspired by action research, because the main goal of the research was to improve and enhance my teaching knowledge and skills. The survey was processed qualitatively. The making of the thesis helped me make it clear, why the topic of fractions is so...
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Objective assessment of stability disorders in patients after brain damage
Studená, Vendula ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Jeníček, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with virtual reality balance therapy. The therapy focuses on chronic patient after brain damage. The first - theoretical part of the thesis contains especially definitions of biofeedback and virtual relality. It analyses possibilities of balance testing in detail. The second - practical part of the thesis includes description of a virtual environment developed at the Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering of Czech Technical University and Charles University in Prague. The input and output examinations of two patients are compared and results of the therapy are evaluated. The examinations consist of subjective MiniBESTest and objective posturographic Complete Static Sensory Organization Test (CSSOT) and Faller Assessment. An objectification of the instantaneous effect of the therapy is evaluated by virtual reality games. The discusion compares patient's and control group's examination findings. The results of the MiniBESTest, CSSOT and velocity of movement in virtual enviroment show improvement in postural stability. Key words: virtual reality, postural stability, balance testing, posturography, brain damage, balance board
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Determination of pepsinogens using IgY and IgG
Kulhavá, Lucie ; Pacáková, Věra (advisor) ; Tichá, Marie (referee)
A decreased concentration of pepsinogen A in serum was found to be a marker of gastric cancer, similarly as a low ratio of pepsinogen A to pepsinogen C. In the present study we have compared properties of immunoglobulin fraction isolated from the egg yolks after immunization of laying hens with pepsinogen isolated from porcine gastric mucosa with those of present in rabbit antiserum obtained after the animal immunization with the same antigen. The characteristics of chicken antibodies against porcine pepsinogen and the comparison with rabbit antibodies raised against the same antigen was carried out using the following methods: ELISA, affinity chromatography on immobilzed antigen and bovine serum albumin, SDS and native electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS/MS. While the rabbit specific antibodies interacted with the used antigen and only slightly with bovine serum albumin and there was a diference between pre-immune IgG and specific IgG, in the case of chicken antibodies IgY it did not work. No diference was observed between ELISA tests performed with pre-immune serum and the serum after immunization with porcine pepsinogen and a high interaction of IgY with bovine serum albumin in pre-immune serum and specific IgY after the immunization were detected. Similar results were obtained in experiments with...
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Creating images of fraction at the elementary school
Siblíková, Marta ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Macháčková, Jana (referee)
This thesis "Creating images of fraction at the elementary school" is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part defines the subject matter of fractions in curriculum, deals with a mathematical literacy concept and introduces basic conceptions related to fractions and propaedeutic of fractions at the Primary School. The practical part consists of a preparatory research and a consequential research. The goal of the preparatory research is fractions knowledge mapping on Primary School pupils comparing to an expert knowledge acquired in the theoretical part. The consequential research focuses on confirming results of the preparatory research, respectively preferring the circle model off other models. It also checks if pupils get acquainted with other models (line segment, rectangle, and set of discrete objects). Key words Fraction, propaedeutic, models, representation, primary education, curricula.
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Developing activity and creativity in teaching fractions in grades 6 to 7
Svobodová, Lenka ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
TITLE: Developing activity and creativity in teaching fractions in grades 6 to 7 AUTHOR: Bc. Lenka Svobodová DEPARTMENT: Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Education SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Marie Tichá, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. The theoretical part looks at the cognitive process of pupils and possible ways of their motivation during fractions teaching. Furthermore, it outlines causes of lack of understanding of fractions and re-education interventions. The empirical part is based on a qualitative research whose main objective was to determine how the pupils are able to solve fractions exercises independently and creatively and what mistakes they make. Various methods of data collection were used, such as interview with teachers on issues of fractions teaching in elementary schools, non- standardised test with fractions exercises and additional interview with the tested pupils. This part also describes the preparation of the research, the research itself and its results KEYWORDS: fractions, interpretations, representations, models, misunderstandings, mistakes, teaching approaches
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Implementation of Challenging Tasks in Mathematics Education
Růžičková, Lucie ; Kopáčková, Alena (advisor) ; Harminc, Matúš (referee) ; Tichá, Marie (referee)
Title: Implementation of Challenging Tasks in Mathematics Education Author: PhDr. Lucie Růžičková Department: Department of Mathematics and Mathematics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Alena Kopáčková, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The thesis deals with practical implementation of challenging tasks in mathematics education. The methodology for examining "the fidelity of implementation of mathematical tasks" is being designed to describe whether the task is used according to the original intention of the teacher or according to the intention of its author. This methodology is employed in the analysis of four experiments to examine mathematical tasks and task environments. Then, based on the experience with the analysis, the methodology is adapted to the needs of both the teaching practice and educational research. The main result of the thesis is the creation of the methodology for examining the fidelity of implementation of mathematical tasks which is based on contrasting the descriptions of four general elements of the mathematical task at different phases of its implementation. KEY WORDS: mathematics education, mathematical task, challenging task, implementation of tasks
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Objective examination of postural stability using stabilometric systems in patients after stroke
Ungrová, Dominika ; Tichá, Marie (advisor) ; Muchová, Renáta (referee)
This bachelor's work is concerned with the objective examination and assessment. For the assessment of therapy effect author has chosen apparatus Synapsys Posturography System. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts, especially stroke, impaired postural stability and posturography. The practical part describes the methodology and results of the research.The research sample of study consists of three patients who have had a stroke. In the practical part are compared the values measured in all patients. The recommendation and the final results of the study are summarized at the end of this work.
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French Reflexions on Czech in 17th and 18th Centuries
Tichá, Marie ; Havelka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sládek, Miloš (referee)
The thesis deals with the literary reflection of the French and their relationship to Bohemia during the 17th and 18th centuries. It examines the attitude of French travelers and historians to Bohemia and the Czech nation, especially in matters of religion and spiritual life. It also mentions how, according to the changing times, French opinions on Bohemia developed during the two respective centuries. The thesis records what they focused their attention on and which factors might have influenced their opinions. The thesis is mainly based on the literary sources, i.e. French travel books and historical works.
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