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Childbirth formerly and today
SVOBODOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor paper deals with the development of obstetrics since the very beginnings when all connected with birthgiving was tinged with something ``mysterious, empirical{\crqq} up to the present day when obstetrics is grounded on many facts. The care for the birthgiving woman is continuously innovated. First, the birthgiving woman was taken care of by older women of her family who had already given birth to their children and had therefore experience they could pass further. Nowadays it is the midwives who take care of the woman during her delivery. As well as in the past women close to the birthgiving woman the midwives are with the woman and they try to make the delivery easier for her. The development is still progressing but there is still the fact that a delivery is a situation when health is at stake, for both the newborn and the woman. The survey aimed at drawing an outline of the development of the care provided to the birthgiving woman. The methodology of the paper is a semi conducted interview. The first variant of the interview was prepared for woman who gave birth 50 years ago, 20-25 years ago and for woman who gave birth 7 years ago. The second variant was prepared for midwives without the difference of age. When interviewing women having given birth 20-25 years ago I was very surprised by their unified opinion. They agreed on the fact that the care for them and the attitude of the medical personal was inadequate to them. They were very malcontent. Mostly they complain about the first stage, when they had to lie on the bed, mostly with a drip-feeding. On the other hand women having given birth 50 years ago were satisfied with the care they had during their delivery. The greatest satisfaction is however declared by women who gave birth 7 years ago, who consider the medical personnel obliging and regardful. Especially they speak about the possibility of movement which was not allowed to women 20 years ago. The interviews with midwifes confirm that the development in obstetrics is progressing. Midwives who entered their employment after 1990 claim that competencies are increasing while older midwives claim the contrary, they say that at the beginning of their carreer their competences were greater than they are today. However all midwives agree that women nowadays are more informed on delivery than they used to be. Unfortunately, they are sometimes overinformed so that they do not know what to choose. Therefore the midwives recommend prenatal courses organised by the materninty clinic where it is the midwife of the particular clinic who informs women on possibilities and procedures which are recommended and carried out at the clinic. The survey has therefore shown, that the care for birthgiving woman is improving. And women are very satisfied at present.
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Biodegradation of PCBs by a ligninolytic fungus
Cajthaml, Tomáš ; Kožená, Lenka ; Filipová, Alena ; Svobodová, Kateřina
Although production and use of polychlorinated biphenyls has been prohibited for many years, the compounds still represent a serious problem for the environment. The objective of this work was to test abilities of PCB degradation of several representatives of ligninolytic fungi: Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor, Irpex lacteus, Bjerkandera adusta, Picnoporus cinnabarinus, Dichomitus squalens, Phanerochaete magnolia, Panus tigrinus in two types of nutrient media i.e. low nitrogen mineral and complex.
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Microbial degradation of 17alfa-ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A
Křesinová, Zdena ; Svobodová, Kateřina ; Moeder, M. ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
17ethinylestradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BA) are endocrine disrupting compounds (ED). ED have a negative influence on animals and human hormonal systems animals, and thus they are serious envronmental contaminants. This work was focused on biodegradtion of EE2 and BA using 8 white rot fungi strains in liquid media. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Irpex lacteus were able to remove both ED under detection limit (initial concetration was 10 ppm) during the first three days of cultivation. In contrary, Phanerochaete chrysosporium was not able to degrade both ED durin 2 weaks long cultivation
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Screening of fungi are able to degradation of chlorobenzoates
Muzikář, Milan ; Křesinová, Zdena ; Svobodová, Kateřina ; Cajthaml, Tomáš
Degradation of chlorobenzoates (CBA), which are the intermediates by degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls, with fungi capable degrade lignin. These fungi are called ligninolytic or white-rot fungi. Biodegradation was tested in rich medium. The cultures were Bjerkandera adusta, Dichomitus squalens, Irpex lacteus, Phanerochaete chysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Pycnoporus magnoliae a Trametes versicolor. The harvesting was performance 1., 2. and 3. week. Via ethylacetate we obtained the organic extract which was analyzed on HPLC. The start concentration was 10 ppm (10 μg/ml). We tested 12 substances of CBA
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Ligninolytická kapacita vybraných hub bílé hniloby kultivovaných v imobilizované formě
Šušla, Martin ; Svobodová, Kateřina ; Tavčar, M. ; Pavko, A. ; Novotný, Čeněk
The work is focused on the ligninolytic capacity of two white-rot fungi, Irpex lacteus and Dichomitus squalens, cultivated in their immobilized form. We measured the production of ligninolytic enzymes (Mn-dependent peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, laccase) by the two fungi immobilized on polyurethane foam or pine wood in a fixed bed laboratory-scale bioreactor. The results were compared to the activity profiles of static liquid cultures of the fungi. Decolorization of an azo dye Reactive Orange 16 by the immobilized cultures of I. lacteus in three different bioreactor systems was also studied as well as the production of ligninolytic enzymes during the decolorization process. The highest dye decolorization efficiency (70% in 2 days) was observed in a small size trickle bed reactors
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Implications of coffee trade for economic development of Ethiopia
Svobodová, Kateřina ; Adamcová, Lenka (advisor) ; Borgström Korba, Anna (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of world coffee market and impacts for economic development of Ethiopia. First part is focused on characteristics of and trends in the world coffee market in terms of cultivation demands, world production, exports and domestic consumption in coffee growing regions. The analysis of world coffee prices, consequences and potential solutions of the global coffee crisis builds the core of the first part. The second part continues with analysis of economic development and economic structure of Ethiopia, from which follows the enormous economic importance of coffee for this poor country. Further, the coffe market and its developments is characterized - as far as produced and exported volume and prices paid to producers in the country are concerned. In conclusion of the second part the implications of Ethiopian development strategies into coffee sector are examined.
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Valuation of Softica Inc.
Svobodová, Kateřina ; Scholleová, Hana (advisor) ; Cimický, Jan (referee)
Cílem diplomové práce "Ocenění společnosti Softica, a.s." je zjištění tržní hodnoty podniku pro jeho vlastníky. V teoretické části je vysvětlen pojem hodnota podniku, jsou přiblíženy metody a postup oceňování podniku. Praktická část je zaměřena na vlastní výpočet hodnoty podniku. Výpočtu předchází popis podniku, strategická a finanční analýza, SWOT analýza. Pro výpočet hodnoty podniku je použita výnosová metoda DCF ve variantě FCFE.
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