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Measurements and usage of cross sections of various (n,chi n) threshold reactions
Chudoba, Petr ; Vrzalová, Jitka ; Svoboda, Ondřej ; Krása, Antonín ; Kugler, Andrej ; Majerle, Mitja ; Suchopár, Martin ; Wagner, Vladimír
Current trend in nuclear reactor physics is a transition from technologies using thermal neutrons to technologies utilizing fast neutrons. Unfortunately focus was put mainly on the thermal neutrons for a long time and lead to very good knowledge about this low energy region, but very scarce coverage of the high energy region. This means that there is a gap in the knowledge of excitation functions for higher energies. This gap spreads from 20 MeV up to 1 GeV and higher. This is exactly the energy region needed for description of advanced nuclear systems such as accelerator driven systems (ADS). Our group from Nuclear Physics Institute (NPI) of the CAS is a member of an international collaboration Energy & Transmutation of Radioactive Waste (E&T RAW). This collaboration focuses on ADS for many years. In order to measure neutron field within ADS models it is necessary to know excitation functions of reactions used to monitor the neutron field. In many cases there are almost no experimental data for suitable reactions. Worse and quite common case is that there are no data at all. Therefore we are also focusing on measurements of these data in order to fill the databases as well as to allow further improvements of codes for nuclear data calculations.
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Use of Poisson distribution for prediction of sports matches results
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Čabla, Adam (referee)
The aim of this master thesis is to verify possibility to use Poisson distribution for predicting soccer matches. At first for analysis is applied the original model from English statisticians Mark J. Dixon and Stuart G. Coles from 1997. Thereafter the model is extended in the thesis. All models are based on the maximum likelihood method. Chosen league for deducing conclusions is the first English league - Premier League. The matches are played in the period from season 2004/2005 to half of season 2015/2016. For identification of models performance are used the most market odds from American bookmaker Pinnacle. In the theoretical part are described models and statistical methods that are used in the practical part. In the practical part are realized calculations. Counted performance of models is based on profit from market odds. In the period ex-post are calculated optimum model parameters that are used in the ex-ante period, where is calculated performance of the model. The thesis answers question: Are these models gaining from public database effective in modern age?
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The mechanisms and regulation of lineage commitment in hematopoietic stem cell
Tichý, Marko ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Svoboda, Ondřej (referee)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are crucial for maintaining balanced homeostasis in the human body. HSCs are pluripotent cells, which are able to give rise to many very different cells. HSCs can be found in fetal liver initially during organismal development where they expand and move to their more definitive location, the bone marrow, shortly before birth in humans and mice. HSCs possess to not only recapitulate themselves (self-renew) or proliferate and expand, but are also the first branching point from which subsequent multipotent progenitors and eventually all blood cell lineages are formed thus establishing specific and restricted terminal differentiation pathways. The irreversible decision to initiate and follow a specific differentiation pathway is designated as lineage commitment. The drivers of lineage commitment, which are a base of this thesis, are intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors acting within the stem cell niche, such as transcription factors, chromatin remodeling factors, and cytokines, which are essential for proliferation, survival, self-renewal and lineage commitment decisions. These regulatory factors, working either independently or in mutual coordination, maintain balanced homeostasis of HSC renewal and their differentiation. The goal of this thesis will be to ascribe the...
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Arsenic in tree rings at As contaminated sites
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Vaněk, Aleš (referee)
Kutná Hora and its surrounding environment was affected by mining Ag, later Pb - Zn ore, lasting several centuries. As a result of mining, extreme concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids, especially As, in waters, soils and plants are. The aim of this work was to study the elemental composition of soils and tree rings, including processes between soil and plants on contaminated and uncontaminated area to describe biogeochemical processes between soil and plants. Elemental composition (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb) were determined in soils and tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) using ICP - MS. The measured concentrations of elements indicate contamination of soils and tree rings due to mining and metallurgical activities. The highest concentrations of As in soil (14 977 mg/kg) were found at contaminated site (Kaňk) at depth of 40 - 50 cm. This locality is situated on the heap, where waste from the mining and processing of ores are deposited, together with minerals and weathering products containing As. The uncontaminated area (Sukov) exhibited the maximum concentration of As in soils 124,38 mg/kg at a depth of 5 - 10 cm, due to the contamination by dust from the contamined sites. The highest concentrations of As in tree rings were determined in the contaminated area...
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Reform of the system of dispute resolution within the World Trade Organization
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Faix, Martin (referee)
This thesis the Reform of the WTO Dispute Settlement System, deals with urgent questions about the most important system resolution in international economic law. The WTO Dispute Settlement was established in 1995 and since then it has become a prime example of evolution in the field of international dispute resolution. The system itself has indeed its flaws and therefore its critics. Even its "founding fathers" indented to conduct a reform of the mechanism after few years in action. However, the reform has not yet materialised. The aim of the thesis is to discuss the state of negotiations over the reform of the system, in particular in context of power and rule orientation, and to analyze possible causes of the current state. The thesis is composed of six chapters. Chapter One offers brief characterization of the WTO Dispute Settlement and its main document Understanding on rules and procedures governing the settlement of disputes (DSU), which is found in Annex 2 of the WTO Agreement. Chapter Two chronologically follows the so far unsuccessful development of DSU Revision in WTO. In international trade disputes, two ways of their settlement are recognised: power-oriented and rule-oriented. Both methods are described in Chapter Three. The Chapter Four focuses on the institutional dimension of the...
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The action to exclude a claim from the enforcement of the judgment
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Pohl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Macková, Alena (referee)
Debarment action in execution proceedings The thesis targets the interpretation of debarment actions in execution proceedings. Generally the thesis provides a definition of debarment actions as a legal institution for the protection of third party rights and of debarment action execution proceedings. On the other hand the thesis is very particular in terms of the specifics of individual forms of debarment actions. The interpretation does presented also refers to current jurisprudence as applied by Czech courts as regards debarment actions, as well as in further related cases. The legal interpretation points out to the possibility of future amendments to certain legal provisions. The first Chapter of the thesis defines fundamental legal terms and institutions, which create a broader base for debarment action interpretations. The thesis focuses on the definition of notions of execution, the status of bailiffs, execution proceedings and the parties thereto as well as the sources of law including the definition of the inter relationship between Civil Procedure Code and Execution Procedure, which are cardinal for the main subject of the thesis. The interpretation contained in Chapter two aims at general description of debarment actions, their subjects and status within incidence disputes and it also...
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Cell layer cultivation in the microfluidic system
Kachan, Ksenia ; Svoboda, Ondřej (referee) ; Chmelíková, Larisa (advisor)
The theoretical part of this thesis describes the principles of cell culture in vitro and modern in vitro models for endothelial cell layer cultivation. It also describes the principles of confocal and fluorescence microscopy. The practical part is dedicated to working with cell cultures and realization of experiment with cell cultivation in microfluidic system. Cell layer was photographed using laser confocal scanning microscope Leica TCS SP8 X during the entire experiment. For processing and analysis of the obtained images, an algorithm in the software MATLAB was proposed.
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Plasmide DNA isolation from bacteria and transfection to HEK293 cell line
Bačovská, Kristýna ; Chmelíková, Larisa (referee) ; Svoboda, Ondřej (advisor)
Plasmid DNA is commonly used in fields of molecular biology and genetic engineering. This work deals with methods of DNA isolation and topics related to this procedure. In the experimental part of the work, phenol-chloroform extraction is used. First of all, plasmids Channelrhodopsin-2, ASAP1 and Kir 2.1 were amplified in bacterial strain DH5. 22 isolations were accomplished and the yield was validated using gel electrophoresis and transfection to HEK293 cell line. The most successful isolation was the isolation of plasmid ASAP1, the overall percentage success rate was 30 %.
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Proposal of Implementation of Business Strategy with IS/IT Support
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Polák, Vojtěch (referee) ; Zich, Robert (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with a implementation of IT/IS tools to support the implementation of the company's business strategy, which sells and provides after sales servicematerial handling equipment. The thesis examines key internal and external factors related to the implementation of business strategy of the company, evaluates them and proposes concrete implementation of IT/IS tools to support achievement of strategic goals.
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