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Economic analysis of factors that influence women's decision of having children
Dušátková, Klára ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kovanda, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis explores effects of chosen factors on fertility of women in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2010. Part of my thesis is brief description of legislative framework of fertility issues and also description of demographic course in our country. The choice of factors is based on economic articles and books from world's authors. It is tested by using the regression analysis, how the fertility rate is influenced by the number of married women, the number of university-educated women, the unemployment rate of women, the value of social benefits paid for one child and the number of years since 1989. It was find, that the fertility rate grows with increasing number of university-educated women and with decreasing unemployment rate of women. Effect of the social benefits seems to be insignificant. Remaining factors were left out from my model because of multicollinearity.
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Economic decisions of sellers on the discount servers
Škodová, Ivana ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kovanda, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis examines, why sellers offer their products on servers of group buying. On the basis of the theory were chosen characteristics that can be expected from specific sellers' strategy. These assumptions are tested in practical part of the thesis by the questionnaire, which were submitted to sellers. The theory assumed with economies of scale will offer higher quantity of coupons necessary for activation of discounts. Advertising expected offers containing lesser number of coupons per customer. The time to which the offer applies should be the deciding factor for the demand fluctuation. The price discrimination should not limit total of coupons. At the same time the offer should not limit quantity of coupons per costumer. The outcome of this work is to refute thesis of economics of scale. On the contrary, advertising and fluctuation in demand already confirm thoughts offered by the theory. Even though the price discrimination followed theoretical assumptions it was not possible to collect enough data to confirm hypothesis.
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Are pay-per-bid auctions a type of lottery?
Trnovská, Zuzana ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
This paper examines whether pay-per-bid auctions are a type of hazard, alternatively a type of lottery. The testing is carried out on the data from auctions that took place on the Czech auction portal Bonus.cz. Based on the comparison of defined hazard properties with the attributes of pay-per-bid auctions I have concluded that these auctions are rather a type of hazard than a way of shopping. I further use statistical testing to show the use of strategies which increase the probability of winning the auction. The presence of these strategies proves that the possibility of winning may be affected by players and thus these auctions cannot be considered a type of lottery as is defined in the currently valid Czech code of law.
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What happens in Vegos does not stay in Vegos
Barczi, Šimon ; Lahvička, Jiří (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
The main objective of this paper is to measure and examine demand for commodities offered in the Los Vegos bar in Marianske Lazne. In my experiment, I will be randomly changing price of draught beer in range from 23 to 33 CZK for 30 consecutive days. Each day, I will observe consumption of all goods offered in the bar. I will also analyze a year-long time line with detailed consumption of every product the bar offers . I will measure the own-price elasticity of beer and the cross-price elasticities of other products. My paper will be useful for bar owners to set an optimal price and stock of the goods they offer.
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Legalized abortion and crime: also in Czech?
Dubovský, Peter ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
In this thesis, I test with Czech data the hypothesis of Donohue & Levitt (2001) which proposes that the growth of abortion rate lowers the future crime rate. The fixed effects model I use is derived from Donohue & Levitt (2001) and adjusted on the basis of criticism by Foote & Goetz (2005; 2008) and Joyce (2004; 2009a; 2009b). As regards period 1994-2009 the results imply that the rise of abortions by 10 per 100 born children lowers theft by eight percent in an age group after it reaches the criminal age. Considering the periods 1968-1976 and 1978-2009 the estimates are low and weakly significant indicating only little impact of abortion on crime during the socialist period.
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Do bettors prefer skewness over risk?
Kvapil, Mikuláš ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
Bachelor thesis wants to prove the hypothesis that gambling can be explained not only by risk preferences but also by preferences skewness. The work used an empirical method of data collection and subsequently tested them. Data were collected from five hundred rounds of roulette in an online casino with a focus on Czech players. During the test of the econometric model the hypothesis that bettors are risk averse with skewness preferences was confirmed.
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Drží ženy cenu sexu vysoko?
Smyčková, Renée ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis investigates whether gender inequality influences the attitudes toward sexuality in society. Data collected in 33 countries show that higher gender ineqality is linked with more restrictive sexual norms and practices, therefore with higher price of sex. Women exchange the access to sex for marriage and long term providing of resources from men. Contrary, more equal societies enjoy relatively permissive norms, measured by age of first sex , number of sexual partners, tolerance of premarital sex and practices of casual sex. The results of analysis also show significant impact of religiosity, which is negatively corelated with promisuity, and openness of society. More democratic countries tend to have relatively liberal norms.
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Applied quantitative methods of Austrian Business Cycle Theory
Kaláb, Jiří ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This paper analyzes the Austrian theory of business cycles. This theory describes the reasons that cause cyclical fluctuations in economic activity. Its foundations are built on the Austrian theory of capital. The main goal of this paper is to identify these reasons and construct a model based on them. This model attempts to capture the effect of explanatory variables on the structure of production according to Hayek's triangle. This is based on a sample of monthly U.S. data from the period 01/01/1977 to 04/01/2011. Data were tested using a linear regression model. Output from the model confirmed some of the variables as consistent with the Austrian theory of business cycles. However, there are many problems associated with applying this econometric model to the theory, whose leaders consistently opposed the introduction of mathematical methods in economic science.
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Analysis of the behavior and decision-making of the Dutch auction and the ascending auction with one price of homogeneous product
Svatošová, Ludmila ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This work deals with the behavior and decision making of players in the English auction with homogeneous goods. To analyze the behavior and decision making, laboratory experiment was conducted. It contains the description and analysis of laboratory experiment, which was carried out for the purposes of this thesis. The fundamental question that this work tries to answer is whether the frequency of the optimal price varies according to auction environment and whether, in all environments the choice of optimal strategy prevails. The experiment used three types of environments, each of them is characterized by a different probability distribution of values. Analysis produced as follows: first in each auction round the optimal prices was determineds and then it was compared to the price actually achieved. Based on this analysis it was found that the frequency of optimal price choices doesn't differs significantly depending on the environment. However , the optimal price was achieved only in very few rounds of the auction.
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Analysis of students' decision making to continue on academic degree on Faculty of Economics and Public Administration
Blažková, Pavla ; Bolcha, Peter (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor's paper analyzes decision making of students of University of Economics Prague, whether they continue to academic degree or not after graduating bachelors' degree. The target of this work is to guess costs and returns of continuing on academic degree on Faculty of Economics and Public Administration. The first part contains terminology and theory of human capital, with stress on costs and returns of human capital. In the second part are mentioned the determinants which influenced students' decision making not to continue after graduating bachelors 'degree, which were find out in empirical studies. And finally in the third part are estimated average returns and costs of investment in education of students' of Faculty of Economics and Public Administration of University of Economics Prague. The rate of return of this investment is evaluated by internal rate of return and by net present value.
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