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Coalitions and the System of Government in the First Czechoslovak Republic in the period 1918-1938
Suchá, Anita ; Šušlíková, Lada (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This thesis analyzes the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938) in terms of coalition behavior. It describes all aspects related to this phenomenon using the analytic and descriptive method. The work starts with the introduction to the coalition theory, including the typology of coalition governments and other theoretical aspects related to the coalition formation. Defining coalition factors in the First Republic are analyzed together with the description of the historical context, while stressing the national issues that largely affected creation of governments. The relation between the legislative and the executive power, the electoral system and the party system with the list of relevant parties are presented as other key factors related directly or indirectly to the coalition behavior. Political parties had decisive influence, that's why the group of their leaders called "The Five" was able to fade the importance of the parliament and the government during a certain period. On the other hand, there was also a great popularity and authority of T. G. Masaryk, the first Czechoslovak president. The main part of this thesis deals with the actual coalition behavior in years 1918-1938 and analyzes coalition formulas. The work describes the governments during the First Republic, their specifics, stability, and...
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Benito Mussolini's Fascist Regime in Italy between the two World Wars: from the Onset when Duce Came to Power to the Consolidation of Italian Fascism
Suchá, Anita ; Šušlíková, Lada (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Martin (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Benito Mussolini's Fascist Regime in Italy between the two World Wars: from the Onset when Duce Came to Power to the Consolidation of Italian Fascism" describes fascist regime from its beginning after World War 1 until Italy's entry into the war in 1940. This period is important not only for Italy itself, their own fascist past is still perceived as a very sensitive topic, but also for the world since Italy became one of the first states where the fascists seized power. The thesis examines the causes and events that have helped the emergence of the fascist movement in Italy, with the emphasis on personality of Benito Mussolini, leader of the movement. This thesis follows his leaving from the Socialist Party, the establishment of the Fascist movement in 1919, becoming prime minister in 1922, taking control of all power in Italy, and suppressing the opposition. The thesis describes the fascist doctrine and the gradual transformation from an authoritarian regime to a totalitarian. It also deals with foreign policy, especially the second half of 1930s, when Italy performed the territorial expansion and became close partner of Nazi Germany.
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