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Energy needs and body composition in individuals with transverse spinal cord injury
Pavlíčková, Jana ; Sadílková, Aneta (advisor) ; Staňová, Alžběta (referee)
Introduction Spinal cord injury is associated with negative changes in body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism. This fact is responsible for a higher risk of metabolic complications in patients with a transverse spinal cord lesion (TML). Individuals tend to achieve a positive energy balance, which leads to an increase in adipose tissue, the development of overweight and obesity and other diseases, and last but not least, to the deterioration of self-sufficiency. Setting optimal energy intake is main key to maintain the patient's health and quality of life. Target The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to determine resting energy rate (RMR) in people after a transverse spinal cord injury. The subject of interest is also the comparison of the results with the prediction equation of Harris-Benedict with the indirect calorimetry (NK) method, to determine the body composition and determine the real energy intake of the diet. A control set of healthy individuals without the handicap of a transverse spinal cord lesion was chosen for the comparison of the obtained data. Methodology The research group consists of adults after a transverse spinal cord lesion. There were 26 people included, 11 women and 15 men, clients of the non-profit organization Centrum Paraple, o.p.s. The average age is 40.3 years...
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Effect of body composition on resting metabolic rate in obese patients
Staňová, Alžběta ; Sadílková, Aneta (advisor) ; Mikeš, Ondřej (referee)
Introduction: Changes in eating habits and incorporation of physical activities remain to be the main methods in treating obesity. To set an adequate calorie intake, which would lead to weight loss, it is necessary to determine energy needs of an individual. For that energy intake and energy expenditure need to be determinate. However, energy expenditure is difficult to determine since it is contributed of three components. Basal, respectively resting metabolic rate (RMR), which is affected by a body composition, has the greatest influence on a total energy expenditure. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is considered to be a gold standard to determine RMR. When RMR is calculated by prediction equations instead, such as Harris-Benedict (H-B) equation, energy needs are overestimate or underestimate for people with abnormal body composition. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyse data of RMR obtained using IC in connection to body composition. The main aim is to determine how fat free mas (FFM) and fat mass (FM) are affecting RMR in obese patients. There is also a comparation of RMR measured by the IC and RMR calculated using H-B equation as a part of this study, while IC is considered to be a reference method. Methods: Patients new to ambulance of obesitology at General University Hospital in Prague...
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Obese patients suffering from eating disorders
Staňová, Alžběta ; Pešková, Barbora (advisor) ; Matoulek, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Due to changes in our lifestyle obesity has become a pandemic over the last couple of years. It is a multifactorial disease with a devastating impact on our health. Besides that, obesity can have an impact on our psychical health as well (depression, anxiety) which can lead to eating disorders. The common features of all eating disorders are disturbed eating behaviour as well as disturbed body image, which is also the case with obesity. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the issue of a mutual occurrence of obesity and eating disorders in newcomers at obesity clinic. A total of 4 major research objectives have been identified mapping the incidence of depression and anxiety, craving intensity, eating psychopathology and eating disorders. Methods: The data were obtained using questionnaires and subsequently evaluated in Microsoft Excel. Five questionnaires were selected for data collection: a short anamnesis questionnaire, The Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory (BDI-II and BAI), The Three Factor Eating-Questionnaire (TFE-Q), The General Food-Craving Questionnaire - Trait (G-FCQ-T) and The EDE-Q Questionnaire. Results: Respondents were concerned about the shape and weight of their own bodies the most. They were self-conscious about looking at it and kept their bodies...
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