|
|
Nutrition of school children at the age of 11-12 years - food consumption
Halbrštátová, Michaela ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
Motivation: Well known fact is, that it is possible to prevent most of diseases with balanced diet and it is also known that many diseases have their pathological basis in the childhood. The evaluation of food consumption of schoolage children was the aim of this study. Hypothesis: I supposed the diet with excess of energy and insufficient in vegetables and fruit. Aproach: The data were collected by 24-hours recall and analyzed by specialized program. Results: A general distribution of basic nutrients is consistent with the nutritional recommendations. However children have insufficient supply of mineral substances and vitamins except vitamins C and B12 and vitamin K among boys. In addition there was an unnecessary high share of sweet food and lack of fruit, vegetables, milk and dairy products in the diet. Conclusions: It is necessary to motivate children and parents to think about their health and about steps they can take for themselves and for the others. It is essential to arrange for prevemptive programs the whole population can benefit from.
|
|
|
Saccharides and their effect on the metabolic syndrome
Kotal, Ondřej ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Hrnčířová, Dana (referee)
Saccharides are an integral part of the human diet. They differ in type and length of the strings, usability, glycemic response or taste. Their representation in the diet is considerable. The source of simple saccharides are mostly industrially prepared foods with added sugar. Diet high in complex saccharides consisting mainly plant sources. Many studies addresses the issue of saccharides and their effect on metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial civilization disease. Etiology include disorders of glucose metabolism, obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Metabolic syndrome mainly affects people of developed countries with reduced physical activity, stress loads and poor eating habits. Modern treatment of deadly quartet consists in eliminating these unfavorable factors. In terms of nutrition, it is especially reasonable and balanced intake of saccharides. A low intake of simple and high intake of complex saccharides seems to be an effective prevention. Keywords: saccharides, metabolic syndrome, nutrition
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Sources and Importance of Natural Antioxidants for Human Health
Frühaufová, Lenka ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor)
Existence of free radicals as participants in biological processes, scientists expected at the beginning of the 20th century . Given the characteristics of these substances, their instability and very short half-life , however, was their exploring challenging to impossible , and therefore a deeper learning to occur with the development of relevant research methods. Hand in hand with uncovering secrets and patterns of oxidative damage to biological macromolecules occurred to focus attention also to a system that is capable of this action prevent and maintain a balance in the cell , the antioxidant system . It is formed diverse group of substances of enzymes catalyzing redox reactions through plasma proteins to substances that the human body is not capable of self- produce and must be obtained from food . The subject of the research are now interaction of both systems and applications, primarily acquired knowledge into practice. What is the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of disease states such as cardiovascular disease or malignancy ? How to participate in prenatal damage to the fetus ? They are involved in the aging process ? Together with obtaining answers to these and many other questions are logically appears another : we can use substances having antioxidant effects in preventing or treating...
|
|
|
Nutritional status of the institutionalized elderly in North Bohemia
Zemanová, Miroslava ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Pavlík, Vladimír (referee) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee)
Nutritional status is an important characteristic of human health. It is especially important for vulnerable groups of population, such as senior citizens. The study provides a description and evaluation of the nutritional status of the institutionalized elderly in three retirement homes in three different North Bohemian towns (Teplice, Most, and Dubí). Inclusion criteria for the study restricted the sample to those aged 65 or over and without any acute illness or catabolic diseases, including cancer. Fifty percent of the residents living in each retirement home were examined. The sample comprised of 254 participants (183 females and 71 males). Data was collected from each facility in cooperation with the head nurse, and information related to the participant medical conditions and medications was obtained from personal medical histories. A MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) was used to evaluate the nutritional condition of respondents. Blood samples were taken to detect the markers of malnutrition (albumin, prealbumin, transferin, urea, and creatinine). The data was statistically analysed using the Fishers exact two-sided test and the Chi square test of independence. P values ≤0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. According to the results of MNA, 38.8% of respondents were in a good...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.