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Cognitive Disorganisation and Insight in Schizophrenia.
Toušková Petrásková, Tereza ; Bob, Petr (advisor) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee) ; Roman, Robert (referee)
Tereza Petrásková Toušková - Cognitive Disorganisation and Insight in Schizophrenia 1 SUMMARY Conscious awareness is related to brain activities represented as unita- ry, integrated and changeable processes reflecting binding of diverse modalities of basic neural informational processes and their subjective components. According to recent research disturbances of self- awareness and conscious experience have a critical role in pathophysi- ology of schizophrenia, which in early stages of the disease mainly in- clude overactivation of the HPA axis. Together these studies suggest that the processes of disrupted awareness and conscious disintegration in schizophrenia likely might be related and represented by similar dis- ruptions on the brain level, which in principle could be explained by various levels of disturbed connectivity and information disintegration that may negatively affect usual patterns of synchronous activity consti- tuting adaptive integrative functions of consciousness. In this context, a purpose of the theoretical part of the disertation is to describe basic neu- robiological mechanisms underlying integrative processes in the brain with its complementarily related mental activities including self- awareness and insight reflecting interrelated processes between mind and brain that implicate...
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Physical and psychological stress of nurses working in anaesthesiology and intensive medicine
Taušová, Adéla ; Podaná, Jana (advisor) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the psychical and physical stress of nurses working in anesthesiology and intensive medicine. In the theoretical part, the problems of psychical and physical stress are presented, as well as the role of nurses and their activities undertaken in the units of anesthesiology and intensive care. The practical part deals with a research that aims to obtain data revealing indicators of mental and physical stress of nurses working in anaesthesiology and intensive medicine. The research took place in four selected hospitals in their departments of anesthesiology and intensive care and intensive care units of neurosurgical clinics. Respondents were divided into two groups - respondents of anesthesiology and intensive care and respondents from department of neurosurgery. Groups were compared and results are presented in tables and graphs. Key words Anesteziology, intensit medicine, roles of nurses, physical stress, psychological stress, departemnt of ICU
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Variability of somatic development of children with ADHD
Kuželová, Hana ; Ptáček, Radek (advisor) ; Škoda, Jiří (referee) ; Hrdlička, Michal (referee)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorders, with prevalence 5 - 10 % in general population. This developmental disordes is manifested in every part of children's behavior and it is characterized by inadequate level of attention, excessive activity and impulsivity. ADHD is a complex disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, characterized by variol symptomatology, etiology and heterogeneous development. It is a model disorder for combination of interaction of genetic, neurobiological and environmental factors. The aim of the presented study was to describe the variability of somatic development of ADHD children. The main aim wass to analyze the growth of medicated and non-medicated ADHD children compared with population norms. Partial question is to identify factors which may be conneted with these changes, e. g. specific life style of this group. In order to ansewer these question two independent studies were provided- the first focused on anthropometric examination, the second focused on eating habits and lifestyle in ADHD children. According to the results of the first study there are differences in anthropometric parameters between the group of ADHD children compared to control children and also between the...
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The rate of stress load on standard nursing wards and intensiv care units.
Brzicová, Věra ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee)
This thesis deals with the stress, strain and stress level of stress. It examines what more burdens on JIPu sisters and what the standard department, what are the specifics of their work. Compares the work load and nursing department and the standard JIPu. It looks at how the situation affects of stress nurses. It outlines the causes and manifestations of stress effects on the human organism. He is also the burnout that often occurs among workers in the helping professions. The thesis is focused on the shift operation (especially on night shift), relationships at work (sister-sister, sister-doctor), the aggressive behavior of patients, or the lack of sufficient time for patient care. Research method is a questionnaire distributed to the nurses and the internal standard surgical wards and ICU. The evaluation questions of the questionnaire confirms or overthrows the hypothesis that I set at the beginning of research. The hypotheses were confirmed hypotheses 2 and 5 of the hypothesis was not confirmed. It was confirmed that the exchange operation and overload nurses, patient aggression, care of confused patients and bad interpersonal relations a high burden on medical personnel and contributes significantly to the stress load of nurses. In conclusion, I mention that a large role in preventing and...
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Depravation of personality by impact of imprisonment
Fischer, Slavomil ; Žukov, Ilja (advisor) ; Hynek, Karel (referee) ; Ptáček, Radek (referee)
This dissertation deals with problems of depravation of delinquents personalities by impact of imprisonment as a task of forensic psychology. Its theoretical part analyses causes of their sources and development, and explores working possibilities of psychology in their correction. Theoretical principles and origin empirical findings have been used as resources for these possibilities. The empirical part of dissertation presents results of research studies which focuses on analyze of efficiency of treatment to delinquents and offenders. First report brings results of two research studies which focus on the analyses of specific needs associated with members of a delinquent subculture and the psychological alterations which occur as a result of adaptation to their imprisonment. The second one brings conclusion from analysis of efficiency of rewards and punishments, as methods used for modification of their antisocial behavior. The specificity and differences have been ascertained by virtue of factors that are considered significant from the point of view of delinquency and potential recidivism. The findings and results are applicable in practice of forensic psychology and are significant for the practical application by psychologists and other specialists in their work with delinquents and offenders.
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