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Neolithic pits. Formation processes analysis of LBK settlement in Bylany
Pilař, Daniel ; Květina, Petr (advisor) ; Vostrovská, Ivana (referee)
This thesis analyses formation processes on LBK site of Bylany. The aim of this text is to critically review the base of our archaeological sources and to demonstrate the possibilities and limits of the used methods. For the purposes of this work was obtained metrical and some non-metrical attributes of nearly 1700 ceramic sherds from a selected house complex in Bylany. These data were used in combination with already existing documentation to create basic characteristics of particular objects and layers. This way was for example created values of fragments density, pottery fragmentation, or was examined dispersion of fragments from a single vessel. With this data was also possible to critically revise the former and current chronology of house complex and independent objects. This step tested the chronological homogeneity of objects with gradual filtration of intrusions. The second part of this thesis studied anthropomorphic engraving on a ceramic sherd, that was found by chance in 2018 in one of the studied objects. Style, technique, and primarily authenticity were explored. The whole set of ceramics was examined to find potential analogical engravings and to determine, on which part of sherds would be similar engraving even preserved. Results show that individual pits have very heterogeneous...
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Neolithic ovens. Czech ovens in contect of Neolithic Balkans
Pilař, Daniel ; Dufek, Josef (advisor) ; Popelka, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis analyses Neolithic ovens from the territory of Czech Republic. It is based on theoretical research of ovens from Linear Pottery culture (LnK), Stroke-ornamented Ware culture (StK) and Moravian Painted Ware culture (MMK) settlements. The most important site for research of Czech LnK ovens is settlement in Bylany, on which 46 ovens in pits were found. These ovens were continuously used for 500 years, which means that they enable us to observe the development of this phenomenon in time. For comparison with settlement in Bylany, I studied the Moravian site Mohelnice u Zábřeha. Different trend of placement of ovens in space within the area of settlement is observable there. In result, the analyses of construction and placement of ovens proved, that the type of ovens used in Mohelnice served probably as equipment for food processing. They were presumably used by community living in the house closest to the oven. Research of Late Neolithic (StK and MMK) ovens is complicated because of small number of finds the ovens located in pits. Complications are caused also by the state of research of Late Neolithic and by the ambiguity of settlements. The absence of pit ovens leads to idea of above ground domed ovens. However, this type of ovens is usually not preserved in central Europe, so the only...
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