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The use of vending machines, snack bars and food stores near school by primary school pupils
Fischerová, Zuzana ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis was to examine the using of the shopping possibilities in the school and in the neighbourhood, the conditions which influence the using and the pupils' shopping preferences. According to the acquired data some possibilities of the intervention are formulated, which can be used to positively influence the pupils' attitude towards the nutrition. The author concerns herself with the dietary habits of children and wants to discover possibilities to influence it. The theoretical part of the thesis contains nutrition recommendations for the school age children and describes the psychological specifics of this age. It also provides the information about international attempts to influence the lifestyle of the young generation and particular realization in the Czech Republic and other countries. There is written also about recommendation by World Health Organization and the thesis informs about supportive projects in the Czech Republic and also about the attempts to control the products provided in schools. Last but not least there is the information about obesity - prevalence, causes, consequences and prevention, and also about mental anorexia as the illness typical for the adolescence. The practical part used a questionnaire to find out the pupils' shopping...
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Efect of bariatric surgery on weight loss and necessity of vitamins supplementation.
Gojdičová, Nikola ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
Introduction: Bariatric surgery is the most effective methods of treatment of morbid obesity. Bariatric surgery has also the effect of compensation of diseases associated with obesity. Each patient after bariatric surgery should be monitored because of the risk of complications. One of them is the deficiency of micronutrients. Early initiation of substitution the risk of complications is significantly reduced. Methods: We followed patient outcomes after different types of bariatric procedures (adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-Y gastric bypass). We were interested in the effect of these procedures on body weight and levels of some micronutrients (vitamins A, B12, D, E, folic acid, iron and parathyroid hormone). The collected data were processed and analyzed. Results: All types of procedures were the positive effect for the weight loss during the first year. In the second year we have seen the weight loss only in patients who have undergone Roux-Y gastric bypass. This method was the most effective in reducing weight. We followed also the level of individual vitamins after surgery. Most at risk of deficiency are the patients after Roux-Y gastric bypass. Vitamin D deficiency occurred in 95,65 % of these patients, deficiency of vitamin E with 34,78 %, 26,09 % in the cases appeared...
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Knowledge of nutrition and physiology of physical exercise in the fitness sector
Štafl, Václav ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to determine the level of knowledge in the section of nutrition and exercise physiology of fitness trainers. The theoretical part is focused on the job description and theoretical knowledge of nutrition and exercise, which should be integral part of trainer's education. The aim of practical part is to examine trainer's knowledge about nutrition and exercise through questionnare study and subsequent presentation of the results. These results suggest that the knowledge of nutrition and exercise physiology of fitness trainers is on the sufficient level. Key word: Nutrition, physical activity, Trainer's duties
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Food intolerance- facts and myths
Ptáčková, Zuzana ; Piecha, Roman (advisor) ; Kosák, Mikuláš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the facts and myths about two kinds of food intolerance: celiac disease and lactose intolerance. The thesis consists of a practical and a theoretical part. The theoretical part is further divided into three sections. The first one focuses on celiac disease and describes gluten, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms of the disease, diagnostics, dietary solutions, celiac disease screening, other similar diseases and also a comparison of allergy to gluten and sensitivity to gluten as these are commonly confused. The second section focuses on lactose intolerance and describes lactase, epidemiology, etiology, symptoms, complications, diagnostics and treatment. This section also focuses on milk allergy, which is often mistaken with lactose intolerance. The third section focuses mainly on the facts and myths and contains tables showing the differences between celiac disease, lactose intolerance and milk intolerance. The most common myths about celiac disease, gluten, gluten-free diet and milk are also mentioned. The goal of the practical part of this thesis was to examine a group of patients suffering from celiac disease and make a comparison of the acquired data with the existing literature. For example, this thesis focuses on the frequency of the symptoms,...
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Monitoring of energy intake and expenditure during reducing stays
Pražanová, Ivana ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
Obezita představuje ve vyspělých zemích závažný zdravotní problém a hlavní rizikový faktor rozvoje kardiovaskulárních onemocnění, cukrovky 2. typu, nemocí pohybového aparátu a některých nádorových onemocnění. Je také provázena řadou komplikací a výrazně zhoršuje kvalitu života. 27 pacientů, kteří byli hospitalizováni za účelem redukce hmotnosti na oddělení D3 III. interní kliniky Všeobecné fakultní nemocnice v Praze v období ledna až počátku dubna roku 2017 byli sledováni z hlediska výskytu komorbidit a příjmu a výdeje energie za použití aplikace kaloricketabulky.cz, portálu casprozdravi.cz a krokoměrů Garmin Vivofit. Byla hodnocena vhodnost bioimpedanční metody pro sledování změn složení těla pacientů během redukčních pobytů za použití přístroje InBody S10. V souladu s teorií se ve sledované skupině pacientů vyskytovala v důsledku extrémní obezity celá řada komplikací. Diagnostická kritéria pro metabolický syndrom splňovalo 23 (85%) pacientů. Rozdílné hodnoty obsahu energie a jednotlivých živin v aplikacích kaloricketabulky.cz a Nutriservis jsou příčinou průměrného denního rozdílu 717 kJ mezi záznamy pacientů a nemocničním rozpisem. Průměrně pacienti ušli denně 4713 kroků. Pacienti průměrně zredukovali hmotnost o 7,6 kg (SD ±3,54). Bioimpedanční metoda vykazuje příliš vysokou variabilitu a není...
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Questionnaire study of lifestyle and diet in obese children
Trojáčková, Jolana ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
Obesity represents a serious issue of today. Change of lifestyle is a major factor of incidence of obesity. According to the HBSC study, many children from North America and Europe including the Czech Republic do not eat breakfast, do not consume fruit and vegetable, lack physical activity, consume sweets and sweetened drinks and spend more than two hours a day watching TV. In the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis the term obesity is defined and the reasons for child obesity are explained. Diagnostic criteria of obesity are described, together with the risks, treatment and prevention. Moreover, dietary recommendations are introduced for children of different ages. The subject of the bachelor thesis was to conduct a survey by a questionnaire in order to discover dietary habits and lifestyle of obese children. The questionnaire was anonymous and the respondents were the patients of the Endocrinology Department of the Pediatric Clinic of the General University Hospital in Prague and the 1. Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University, Ke Karlovu 2. The objective of the practical part was to compare the dietary habits and lifestyle of obese children who go the Endocrinology Department with a control group of not obese children. The aim was to evaluate the consumption of energy-dense food and...
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Knowledge of nutrition and physiology of physical exercise in the fitness sector
Štafl, Václav ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to determine the level of knowledge in the section of nutrition and exercise physiology of fitness trainers. The theoretical part is focused on the job description and theoretical knowledge of nutrition and exercise, which should be integral part of trainer's education. The aim of practical part is to examine trainer's knowledge about nutrition and exercise through questionnare study and subsequent presentation of the results. These results suggest that the knowledge of nutrition and exercise physiology of fitness trainers is on the sufficient level. Key word: Nutrition, physical activity, Trainer's duties
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The deficiency of Vitamins in obese patients before intervention
Wood, Denisa ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
This thesis is devoted to the vitamin deficiency in obese patients before bariatric surgery. The purpose of this study was a detection and evaluation of the deficient vitamins in obese patients before bariatric surgery. The monitored vitamins were vitamin A, E, D, B12 and folic acid. The theoretical part of this thesis describes the general definition, functions, the daily intake of the vitamins and the division of the vitamins. It pays attention to a biochemical metabolism and the physiological functions of the monitored vitamins. Listed are the etiological determinants of obesity. It describes the physiological regulation of body weight and highlights the current interventional procedures to treat obesity. The practical part describes the methodology of monitoring the levels of the selected vitamins and the subsequent evaluation of the results. Based on the findings of the specific deficits, the risks of these deficiencies were assessed. Dietary recommendations were assembled for the patients who are being prepared for bariatric surgery. The conclusion compares other studies dealing with similar issues.
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