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Influence of the sample preparation on the stiffness of asphalt mixtures
Pěch, Pavel ; Hýzl,, Petr (referee) ; Varaus, Michal (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis deals with influence of the preparation of probationary bodies to determine of modulus of stiffness. Bodies in the form trapezoid are prepared in two different ways - with trimming and without trimming of all surfaces of the upper and lower party. This way prepared bodies are tested and is determined two-point test for modulus of stiffness. The results of tests are mutually compared.
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Use of special binders for recycling of asphalt mixtures at mixing plants
Pěch, Pavel ; Špaček, Petr (referee) ; Varaus, Michal (advisor)
The thesis deals with the matter of usage of special asphalt binders for production of asphalt mixtures containing recycled materials in asphalt plant. For comparison analysis of characteristics of special binder used in roads is necessary to compose different mixtures of asphalt – one with binder containing R-materials, and another benchmark mixture with binder used in common mixtures without recycled materials. Investigation of features of mixtures with different binders is carried out by selected performance tests of asphalt mixtures. Evaluation and comparison of the results is described in the final section of the thesis.
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Hydrogeological aproaches as the tool for the mitigation of negative impact of climate change in water management: Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative aspects of managed aquifer recharge
Rozman, David ; Hrkal, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Rapantová, Naďa (referee) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
The thesis adresses the issue of efficient use of groundwater resources under the ongoing climate change conditions, which results in reduced natural recharge of aquifers. It focuses on the assessment of qualitative and quantitative aspects of managed groundwater recharge. In addition to a review of the issues of artificial recharge, the thesis provides two outputs. The first one is a critical evaluation of the effectiveness of artificial infiltration in crystalline conditions, typical for a large part of the Czech Republic, where at present artificial infiltration is not a commonly applied procedure. The second key output is the monitoring of the occurrence of new types of micropollutants from the category of so-called emerging pollutants, which may limit the availability of drinking water sources, especially in periods of climatic stress. Research within the PhD project was conducted at several pilot sites and the results are published in peer-reviewed articles. The obtained findings confirm the suitability of the managed groundwater recharge procedure and the considerable effectiveness of attenuation processes of the aquifers in degrading micropollutant pollution.
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Teaching a Spatial Geometry and Developing Spatial Abilities Using a Computer
Gergelitsová, Šárka ; Holan, Tomáš (advisor) ; Karger, Adolf (referee) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
of doctoral thesis Title: Teaching a Spatial Geometry and Developing Spatial Abilities Using a Computer Author: Šárka Gergelitsová Department: Department of Software and Computer Science Education Supervisor: RNDr. Tomáš Holan, Ph.D., Department of Software and Computer Science Education Abstract: In this thesis we present a contemporary overview of current possibilities of using computer support for teaching geometry and the development of spatial imagination. The materials are aimed at the secondary school curriculum (for students 15-19 years old), many of them, however, could be used for younger or older students. The work is outlined as a tool and a set of teaching materials for teachers. The basic part of this thesis is a set of commented examples and tasks that can be solved by the use of dynamic geometry systems including the 3D models for these tasks. The set consists of more than 100 problems and examples with hints or answers and includes a CD with more than 300 supportive models including models-templates for creating tests. Materials include some prepared spatial imagination tests and quizzes. Some of the mo- dels serve as a tool for their design and offer automatic solution checking. We present also our own set of educational applications and games created to support the im- provement...
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Distribution, ecology and conservation of critically endangered Alcon Blue (Phengaris alcon f. alcon) in the Czech Republic
Kupková, Barbora ; Sedláček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
The state of the populations of many insects is critical in the Czech Republic, other species have already extinct. Among the species balancing at the limit of survival is myrmecophilus Alcon Blue (Phengaris alcon), especially its ecological form (P. alcon f. alcon), which is associated with the Marsh Gentian (Gentiana pneumonanthe) during the early larval stages. The general aim of my work was to evaluate the current distribution of the Alcon Blue butterfly (P. alcon f. alcon) in the Czech Republic, to estimate the size of the remaining populations and to propose a practical action plan for conservation of the species in the Czech Republic. The analysis of the databases showed that the species survives theoretically in 11 localities. The field survey in 2016 revealed, however, that at five other sites a species in the recent past was extinct. The remaining 6 localities are concentrated in Southwestern Bohemia on a total area of only 20 hectares. Two population is however close to extinction. The cause of local extinction of Alcon Blues was the extinction of host plants. The main factors influencing the size of butterfly populations in the last localities were the abundace and vitality of host plants (number of fertile shoots, height). Part of my work was an attempt to reintroduce Alcon Blue to a...
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Integration of myrmecophiles into the host colonies
Bažilová, Jana ; Šobotník, Jan (advisor) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
Although the research on myrmecophilous insects is dated back to the 19th century, certain aspects of fascinating relationship between hosts and their social parasites are not satisfactorily understood. The latest studies focus mostly on the systematics of myrmecophilous taxa, and bionomy remains neglected. Most of the myrmecophilous insect can be found among beetles (Coleoptera). These myrmecophiles reveal a broad spectrum of adaptations that allow them to live in close association with their host ants. These adaptations significantly differ among the well-integrated species on one hand and poorly integrated or non-integrated species of myrmecophilous beetles on the other. This study focuses at the comparison of behaviour in two species of myrmecophilous beetles, Claviger testaceus (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) as the member of integrated myrmecophiles, and Pella spp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) as poorly integrated or non-integrated beetle. My work shows significant differences in behaviour taking place after encounter of a beetle and an ant. Ants are more aggressive towards the non-integrated species, and at the same time, these beetles are well-adapted for aggressive behaviour from the ants. On the other hand, the integrated beetles do not possess many behavioural adaptations for the...
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Passive dispersal of land snails (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) with focus on endodispersion via birds
Simonová, Jasna ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
The ability of land snail active dispersal is very limited. Despite that, they have colonized even very isolated habitats and some species are able to disperse relatively fast on continental scale. This used to be explained by passive dispersal, especially via birds. Land snails could be transported on bird's body (ectodispersion) as well as inside their digestive tract (endodispersion), but the direct evidence of these processes has been more likely anecdotal. A review concerning passive dispersal of land snails via birds with focus on endodispersion is presented in this bachelor thesis. The methodological aspects of experimental studies, including relevant insights of other organism's endodispersion studies, are discussed. Selected traits of land snails and their avian vectors which can affect success of endodispersion are also discussed.
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Relations among soil characters, vegetation, and mollusc communities of montain beech forests
Kopalová, Zuzana ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
In three different sites of the Jizerské hory Mountains, we have analysed the effect of soil composition on snail assemblage patterns at small spatial scale. We have chosen such sampling sites so that one site was potentially rich in species, thus, we chose a beech forest enriched with presence of maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), perennial honesty (Lunaria revidida) and white butterbur (Petasites albus), and the second site was bare acidophilous beech forest (Fagetum nudum). In total, there was sampled 22 species of land snails with 919 individuals. None of the soil characteristics has been found to have any statistically significant effect on the snail abundance in sampled sites. For better illustration of species and ecological diversity in the discussed sites, we have used Ellenberg's indicator values for light, humidity, soil reaction, temperature and nutrients. The higher number of species at the enriched sites has been confirmed just for one site out of three. In the Jizerské hory Mountains and surroundings, i.e. at a larger landscape scale, there has been observed an effect of geomorphology, vegetation, human impact and slope orientation on the species diversity. At sites with calcareous background, there has been observed an increase in the species diversity. Sites with rich herbal cover and...
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Teaching a Spatial Geometry and Developing Spatial Abilities Using a Computer
Gergelitsová, Šárka ; Holan, Tomáš (advisor) ; Karger, Adolf (referee) ; Pech, Pavel (referee)
of doctoral thesis Title: Teaching a Spatial Geometry and Developing Spatial Abilities Using a Computer Author: Šárka Gergelitsová Department: Department of Software and Computer Science Education Supervisor: RNDr. Tomáš Holan, Ph.D., Department of Software and Computer Science Education Abstract: In this thesis we present a contemporary overview of current possibilities of using computer support for teaching geometry and the development of spatial imagination. The materials are aimed at the secondary school curriculum (for students 15-19 years old), many of them, however, could be used for younger or older students. The work is outlined as a tool and a set of teaching materials for teachers. The basic part of this thesis is a set of commented examples and tasks that can be solved by the use of dynamic geometry systems including the 3D models for these tasks. The set consists of more than 100 problems and examples with hints or answers and includes a CD with more than 300 supportive models including models-templates for creating tests. Materials include some prepared spatial imagination tests and quizzes. Some of the mo- dels serve as a tool for their design and offer automatic solution checking. We present also our own set of educational applications and games created to support the im- provement...
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