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Slavophilism and Slavophil paradigm in Russian philosophy of the 19th century.
Nykl, Hanuš ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor)
Mgr. Hanuš NYKL, Ph.D. Slavophilism and Slavophil paradigm in Russian philosophy of the 19th century Abstract The PhDr. dissertation concerns position of the Slavophilism within Russian philosophy of the 19th century. The Slavophil phenomenon is critically analyzed and main principles of most significant theoreticians such as A. Khomiakov and I. Kireevsky are described. The Slavophilism is characterized as specific intellectual paradigm based on three major grounds - organic wholeness concept, religion as a basic factor and autonomy of entities. It shows following evolution of this paradigm in Russian mind of the 19th century in case of A. Grigoriev, N. Strakhov, N. Danilevsky, K. Leontiev and V. Soloviev. The other existence of the paradigm in other development of Russian mind is pointed out.
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Woman characters in I. A. Goncharov's works
Slobodová, Dana ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Kosáková, Hana (referee)
This paper focuses on the main woman characters in the novels of I. A. Goncharov A Common story, Oblomov and The Precipice. The aim is to analyze relationships between their heroines and other characters and to examine how these relationships subsequently form them. It shows that the attention payed to these processes is at least the same as the attention payed to the male characters (who are formally the main protagonists of the novels) and that they are in no way less interesting. We can also notice apparently repeated schemes, however, in each case they are modified in some way. The author always comes with a slightly different, new approach and thus we can say that although they may look similar from the outside, each Gontcharov's heroine is as unique as the setting which forms her. Keywords: literary characters, woman characters, classical Russian literature, Ivan Goncharov, A Common story, Oblomov, The Precipice
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Deportation of the Chechens and Ingushes. Contribution to History of Caucasus in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Kosejková, Hana ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee)
The thesis "The deportation of Chechens and Ingushes. Contribution to the history of the Caucasus in the second half of the 20th Century" focuses on forced relocation of ethnic groups in 1944 from their homeland in Central Asia. The author presents the causes of deportation, describes itself transport, living conditions in places colonization and subsequent release of the totalitarian regime to rehabilitation and return to the Caucasus. The thesis used in addition to the literature and archival materials. Important part of the thesis include testimony of witnesses (oral history) collected by the "snowball". The aim of this thesis was to assess the physical, demographic and moral damage caused by the deportations and to prove the relationship between it and the subsequent ethnic conflicts in the Caucasus, and also to determine what role they played in the implementation of the deportation policy and subsequent rehabilitation of the different representatives of the Communist Party and the Soviet state headed by Josef Stalin. Relocation left trauma in the memory of the survivors in the second and third generation, and Russian state itself caused due to significant financial losses and other problems with which compensates today.
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Music and text in the works by Bronius Kutavičius and Sigitas Geda
Mikeš, Vítězslav ; Kusá, Mária (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee) ; Bruveris, Jonas (referee)
Práce vychází z dlouholetého zájmu jejího autora o litevskou hudbu a zvláště o tvorbu Broniuse Kutavičiuse (*1932). Představuje pokus o interdisciplinární uchopení vztahu hudby a textu v dílech tohoto skladatele komponovaných na slova litevského básníka Sigitase Gedy (1943-2008). Problematikou tohoto vztahu v případě uvedených autorů se většinou zaobírala jen muzikologie, přičemž textovou složku pojednávala spíše okrajově. Na dlouholetý tvůrčí kontakt obou autorů (vzhledem k nemalému množství děl a k jistým specifikům tohoto kontaktu hovoříme o "fenoménu Bronius Kutavičius - Sigitas Geda") je v práci nahlíženo jako na významný mnohovrstevnatý jev litevské kultury druhé poloviny 20. století, a to z více perspektiv. Postupovali jsme od obecnějších kulturněhistorických otázek přes - více či méně schematické - pojednání o tvorbě každého z obou autorů zvlášť až k podrobnějším popisům vybraných Kutavičiusových vokálně- instrumentálních děl na Gedova slova. Vokálně-instrumentální hudbu lze označit za plně rozvinutý průnik dvou uměleckých druhů - hudby a literatury (plně rozvinutý proto, že obě umění operují v této interakci se zvukovým materiálem); zhudebněný verbální text se však primárně stává hudbou. Z tohoto důvodu je v práci akcentována osobnost skladatele a hudební kontext jeho tvorby. Bylo...
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The concept of revolution in the work of N.A. Berdyaev
Belinson, Maria ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis is focused on a concept of revolution in writings of Russian philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev. It starts with general characteristics of a philosopher's works and special attention is given to the style of his writing. Main objective of the thesis is a description of Berdyaev's relation to the term revolution itself, which is given from philosophical, sociological and his- toriosophical perspective, as well as putting his notion of revolution into the context of histor- ical events that has occurred during the first quarter of 20th century in Russia. Thesis draws on Berdyaev's articles that appeared in these collections of papers: The Problems of Idealism (Problemy idealizma), Signposts (Vekhi), De profundis (Iz glubiny) and on his works: The Spir- itual Crisis of the Intelligentsia, The Philosophy of Inequality, The Spiritual Origins of Russian Revolution.
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Intepretation possibilities of the last four plays of A. P. Chekhov focused on Chekhov's reflection of Marcus Aurelius' philosophy
Kálalová, Zuzana ; Ulbrechtová, Helena (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee)
This diploma paper deals with Memories, the personal writings of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and their influence on the last four plays of A. P. Chekhov, which are The Seagull, Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters and The Cherry Orchard. It is insisting on the fact that Chekhov possessed and read an exemplar of Marcus Aurelius' Memories and enriched it with his personal comments and notes. The diploma paper is investigating philosophical schools of stoicism and platonism, the personality of Marcus Aurelius and his writings Memories, A. P. Chekhov both as an artist and a thinker, and it is investigating possibilities of revealing Marcus Aurelius' thoughts in the last four plays of Chekhov. It focuses on topics of cosmopolitism and atomization, work and inactiveness, good and evil, the ideas of future and meaning of life.
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Name as the premise of philosophy. Panhuman roots of knowledge in a thought of P. Florensky.
Yudina, Maria ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee)
This graduation thesis deals with the interpretation of the nature of word and name found in the works of P. Florensky (1882-1937), the Russian philosopher, scientist and poet. The question of word, name and symbol was crucial for P.Florensky and all his works as well as for other important authors of the so called Russian religious and philosophical Renaissance, especially for V. F. Ern, S. N. Bulgakov and A. F. Losev. According to Florensky real cognition can only be achieved by means of word and symbol. To this issue Florensky also linked the question of correlation between a word and a thing, a man and a word, sacral terminology/denomination etc. Thus focus on the nature of word is vital for understanding P.Florensky's philosophy. The goal of this thesis is to outline the basic features of philosophic and theological understanding of name and word in Pavel Florensky's works, and also to define his cognition theory which is based on this way of thinking.
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Selecting aspects in prosaic writing by Ljudmila Ulickaja
Skálová, Jana ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee) ; Ulbrechtová, Helena (advisor)
My intention to devote oneself to write about prosaic writing by Ljudmila Ulickaja arose, when I wrote her fiction Meoea u ee oemu. Although following books are much worse, I am convinced, that Ljudmila Ulickaj a has got a original voice in the russian literature these days, and it costs to speak about her. In my Bachelor-essay I first show analytic survey of history Soviet Union fro111 the year 1953. And I speak there about the main movements in the russian literature these years. Than I show selecting critical views from russian joumals and papers, which analyse various aspects prosaic writing by Ljudmila Ulickaja. I divided these views into three groups based on motives, which they choose - universal Vlew, sociological-psychological approach and religious component. Than I attempted to aplicate these views on my own critical analyse. I took three of short stories by Ljudmila Ulickaja and showed my remarks. 54
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Sevác Bonifác Heller and Russia
Bernstein, David ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee) ; Svatoň, Vladimír (advisor)
Tématem této bakalářské práce je osobnost českého spisovatele a novináře konce devatenáctého a počátku dvacátého století Serváce Bonifáce Hellera. Nepostihuje autora v úplnosti, ale soustřeďuje se na jeho vztah k Rusku. Všímá si jeho cest do Ruska a zejména jeho románů, které jsou umístěny do ruského prostředí. Tuto oblast sleduje práce především proto, že ji vnímá jako cenný materiál, který ukazuje, jakým způsobem zobrazoval český spisovatel ruské prostředí, dokumentuje určitý způsob vnímání Ruska v českém kulturním klimatu. Práce se zabývá Hellerovými romány z ruského prostředí z hlediska literárně teoretického a podává obecnou charakteristiku těchto próz. V poslední části práce řeší otázku, zda mají Hellerovy romány ještě dnes co říci, mohou-li být něčím zajímavé pro dnešního čtenáře, mohou-li ho nějak obohatit.
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Fedor Girenok in the context of Russian philosophy
Filová, Simona ; Nykl, Hanuš (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor)
This paper presents and interprets the conceptions of pat, neopaganism, Russia, language and philosophy in the works of contemporary Russian philosopher Fedor Girenok and shows Girenok/ s position in the context of the Russian philosophy and shortly also in the context of European philosophy. Girenok/s analysis of pat and neopaganism bring the critique of the euroamerican civilization, mainly of its rationalism and relativism. Girenok finds the alternative to the European values in deliberate effort to resist the consequences of the world globalization, in attaching to the tradition, in staying in long term at the constant place (cultivating home), in cautious relation to the language and finaUy in protecting the space for experiencing experience. This position, as Girenok believes, is reminded by Russian philosophy and it is this position that can open (through fuUy experiencing the experience) the way to the authentic human live. FuUy experiencing the experience involves the ability of quietening the own voice, it means the ability of listening, which is also the key moment of realizing one/s position in bigger wholes, the key moment of understanding human being as the part of those bigger wholes. Girenok revitalizes the tradition of the Russian philosophy, primarily the slavophile and the isychast...
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