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Development of method for the determination of entecavir in biological materials using UHPLC-MS/MS
Gottvald, Tomáš ; Nováková, Lucie (advisor) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Tomáš Gottvald Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Lucie Nováková, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Development of method for the determination of entecavir in biological materials using UHPLC-MS/MS Entecavir is a synthetic guanosine nucleoside that plays an important role in treatment of chronical hepatitis B virus infection. This work was focused on development of highly sensitive method to determine entecavir concentrations in rat urine by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Entecavir C2 13 N15 , stable isotopically labeled internal standard, was used for quantitation. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography seems to be a suitable technique for retention and separation of polar compounds present in analyzed sample. One of the main goals was to confirm this fact by comparison with commonly used reverse phase chromatography mode (RP-UHPLC) on BEH C18 stationary phase. Conditions for RP-UHPLC were optimized as follows: mobile phase composed of acetonitrile/0.01 % formic acid (4:96). The HILIC conditions on BEH Amide stationary phase were optimized using isocratic elution with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile/5 mM ammonium acetate pH 4.0 (75:25). HILIC method provided much...
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Development of method for the determination of entecavir in biological materials using UHPLC-MS/MS
Gottvald, Tomáš ; Nováková, Lucie (advisor) ; Šatínský, Dalibor (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate: Tomáš Gottvald Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Lucie Nováková, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Development of method for the determination of entecavir in biological materials using UHPLC-MS/MS Entecavir is a synthetic guanosine nucleoside that plays an important role in treatment of chronical hepatitis B virus infection. This work was focused on development of highly sensitive method to determine entecavir concentrations in rat urine by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Entecavir C2 13 N15 , stable isotopically labeled internal standard, was used for quantitation. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography seems to be a suitable technique for retention and separation of polar compounds present in analyzed sample. One of the main goals was to confirm this fact by comparison with commonly used reverse phase chromatography mode (RP-UHPLC) on BEH C18 stationary phase. Conditions for RP-UHPLC were optimized as follows: mobile phase composed of acetonitrile/0.01 % formic acid (4:96). The HILIC conditions on BEH Amide stationary phase were optimized using isocratic elution with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile/5 mM ammonium acetate pH 4.0 (75:25). HILIC method provided much...
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The theme of the Falsification in Umberto Eco's Novels: Foucautt's Pendulum, Baudolino and Prague Cemetery
Doležal Nováková, Lucie ; Pelán, Jiří (advisor) ; Polišenská, Vladimíra (referee)
This thesis studies forgery which appears in selected novels by Umberto Eco. They are Foucault's Pendulum, Baudolino and The Prague Cemetery. At the beginning theoretical basis of Eco's thoughts about the structure and character of forgery is described. Later different types of forgery are identified in the selected novels. The part about Foucault's Pendulum describes not only the forgery itself, The Plan, but also the theoretically-historical basis of the novel as well as conspiracy theories and the political and social situation in Italy in those days. The part about Baudolino describes the historical forgery - The Realm of Prester John and The Grail Legend, which we can find in fiction books these days. The last studied novel, Eco's latest, The Prague Cemetery involves antisemitism and concerns the creation of an irrational xenophobic document,which entered history under the name of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. The part of the thesis about thisnovel also concerns theoretical thoughts about a creation of an enemy, which Eco described in his book Inventing The Enemy. The conclusion of this thesis summarizes results of the search for the forgery in the selected novels and the way Eco uses historical forgeries in his fiction works.
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Analysis of Historical Pharmaceutical Preparations of Caffeine and Santonin.
Nováková, Lucie ; Nesměrák, Karel (advisor) ; Červený, Václav (referee)
Historical pharmaceutical preparations of caffeine and santonin were analyzed by mass spectrometry, the sample of caffeine was quantified by spectrophotometry, the sample of santonin was quantified by acid-base titration. In the analyzed historical injection solution "Coffeinum natriosalicylicum" (dated circa 1945) was determined 110 ± 1 % of the declared amount of caffeine and 94.33 ± 0.02 % of the declared amount of sodium salicylate. There were observed neither degradation products of caffeine nor sodium salicylate. The content of santonin in the historical sample (dated prior 1918) was determined by titration to 104 ± 4 %, sample was pure santotnin with no additions. No degradation products of santonin was observed. The analyzed samples were stable for more than seventy, ninety resp., years of storage.
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Brittle tectonics in the NE Bohemian Massif as related to recent tectonic movements indicated by GPS measurement
Nováková, Lucie ; Hrouda, František (advisor) ; Melichar, Rostislav (referee) ; Decker, Kurt (referee)
North-eastern part of the Bohemian Massif is characterised by many NW-SE striking faults. The Sudetic Marginal Fault Zone (SMFZ) and Hronov - Poříčí Fault Zone (HPFZ) represent the major seismoactive dislocations in this area. Field structural investigations, including fault-slip data collection were carried out on a number of natural outcrops and quarries with the aim of establishing a robust and field-constrained model for the local brittle structural evolution of the studied areas. Almost 5000 faults and fractures have been measured and studied in 116 localities. Two principle sets of faults within the SMFZ are oriented in the N-S and W-E directions. The faults are mainly dipping under 80-90ř. The lineations found on the fault planes are mainly trending to the SW and W. The kinematic frequent analysis was performed due to the distribution of the fault types in the orientations. The faults were divided into the different tectonic phases based on their origin or reactivation and their relative age using the calculation of paleostress analysis. The paleostress analysis of the fault-slip data within the SMFZ resulted identification of six tectonic phases from the youngest to the oldest: strike-slip regime with maximum compression σ1 in the NNW-SSE direction, compressional regime with σ1 in the...
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Identification of phenolic compounds in plant extracts using UHPLC-MS/MS
Kmeťová, Ivana ; Nováková, Lucie (advisor) ; Chocholouš, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical chemistry Candidate: Ivana Kmeťová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Lucie Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma thesis: Identification of phenolic compounds in plant extracts using UHPLC-MS/MS The aim of this Diploma thesis was identification of phenolic compounds in dry lyophilized water extract of leaves of wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS), advantageous in identification of complex plant samples. Phenolic compounds represent a group of very complex naturally occurring molecules in plants, possessing a wide variety of biological and physiological functions and acting as chemotaxonomic marker substances. This work was focused on flavonoids and related substances. For separation, UHPLC was used instead of more common HPLC due to its much higher separation efficiency that is crucial for successful separation of complex samples. Moreover, UHPLC enabled reduction of analysis time. Determination of structures of phenolics was based on evaluation and comparison of MS and MS/MS spectra in both negative and positive ESI ion modes. Full scan spectra, product ion spectra, neutral loss scans and reconstructed...
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Impacts of Changes of the New Civil Code on a Civil Association in Accounting and Tax Area
NOVÁKOVÁ, Lucie
This Bachelor thesis investigates the changes in the New Civil Code and its influence in the area of accounting and taxes within the Civil Association, as that is one of the most common legal forms of non-governmental non-profit organization. The thesis particularly addresses to analyse of accounting and tax changes that have occurred after the law amendment in one specific Civil Association operating in the area of South Bohemia. The New Civil Code cancels the term Civil Association and the question what is further to happen with the most common legal form of non-governmental non-profit organization arises. First of all, it was essential to inspect both literary and statutory background of the given problem. As a starting subject, the no longer valid law adjusting the legal form of Civil Association was used. Next, this starting subject was compared to the amendment of the Civil Code, relating to the Civil Association. After that, the information which were obtained by comparing both versions of the Civil Code, were used to analyse some situations, arising within one specific non-profit organization in the light of the law, accounting and taxes. Eventual changes are described in this thesis and the reasons for making these particular changes in the Civil Code are also mentioned.
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Tax Changes, Economic and Election Cycle
NOVÁKOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis is focused on the tax changes in the Czech Republic. It examines the taxes' influence during the election period. The thesis starting with Tax Theory and Theory of Public Choice. The general government establishes the taxes; however, there are special-interest groups and bureaucracy, which enforce their interest. The government changes the tax rates to prevent cyclical fluctuations in the economy. The opportunistic theory says that politicians encourage measures that represents the Median Voter in order to be re-elected. The ideological theory says that there is a difference between leftist and rightist parties. These theories are investigated under the conditions of the Czech Republic in 1995 and 2016. The thesis is focused on changes of the revenue side of the state budget. The data are used and are available on the website of the Czech Statistical Office, Finanční správa ČR, AMECO and Revenue Statistics of OECD. To demonstrate of political budget cycle is used the Least Squares Method. The explained variable is tax quota and the revenues of individual taxes. The explanatory variables are: election year, year after election and the reign of the leftist party, which is called Česká sociálně demo-kratická strana (ČSSD). The next explanatory variables are enter of the Czech Republic to European Union and the debt of state budget. The result is to prove the existence of the ideological concept of political-budget cycle in the Czech Republic.
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