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Actual state in the 2015 year of the Nun Moth (Lymantria monacha) in the Brdy region
Vondřich, Vladimír ; Šrůtka, Petr (advisor) ; Nakládal, Oto (referee)
This thesis aims to analyze actual state of the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.) in the Brdy region in the year 2015. The main objective was to determine its population density. For the research several sites were selected in which three monitoring methods were used: adhesive tree bands, dropping method and pheromone-baited traps. The results revealed that the nun moth only occurs in the forest in minimal numbers. Another objective was to evaluate colour forms of moths and determine connection between colour forms of caterpillars and moths. For the lack of captured caterpillars no results were acquired. The majority of moths caught on pheromone-baited traps had gray colouring and relatively small number of moths (21%) had basic (white) colouring.
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Protection of the young plantation against the game browsing with use of sheep flees form meat breed and flees breed in area of Železné hory area
Ješátko, Jiří ; Nakládal, Oto (advisor) ; Zeman, Jakub (referee)
This Bachelor paper compares and evaluates the effectiveness of a mechanical protection of forest crops against game browsing by means of using wool from meat-sheep and dairy-sheep breeds. Twenty-one sites were chosen in the Bojanov municipal forest for the use of different types of sheep wool against game browsing. The local growth is dominated by young spruce, with only 10% of other species. Six of these sites were treated with meat-sheep wool, six others with dairy-sheep wool, and the remaining nine sites were treated with both types combined. The primary criterion for evaluation was the damage, through browsing, to the terminal shoot. The extent of the damaged spruce growth in individual localities was regularly monitored in monthly intervals and recorded in a table. Consequently, the data were analyzed and the effectiveness of individual wool types determined through the use of the goodness of fit test. The overall damage caused in the sites treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool was 1.58 % and 1.77 %, respectively. When applied to the comparison of damage caused in areas treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool, the goodness of fit test revealed negligible differences, which made it impossible to determine which of the two types of wool is more effective. The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with both types of wool combined (n=187; chi2=0.37; p=0.53). The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with meat-sheep wool or dairy-sheep wool only (n=46; chi2=0.15; p=0.69).
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Inter-caste differences in the anatomy of termite Embiratermes neotenicus (Termitidae: Syntermitinae)
Vacek, Kryštof ; Šobotník, Jan (advisor) ; Nakládal, Oto (referee)
I devote my thesis to the inner anatomy of termites, as exemplified by Embiratermes neotenicus (Blattodea: Termitoidea: Termitidae: Syntermitinae), in which I studied differences in particular inner organs between worker and soldier. In the first part I described the general body structure typical for sterile castes in termites. I deal with the development, structure, size and also with the purpose of individual organs. These are namely exocrine and endocrine glands, central nervous system, digestive system, fat body, respiratory and circulatory systems, gonads, and muscles. In practical part, I examined worker and soldier of Embiratermes neotenicus by means of optical microscopy. I successfully analysed the development of particular organs and the overall structure of the body. In the discussion section, I compare both castes and put my observations into a broader context.
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Early trichinosis disease – characteristics and evaluation of known available detection methods.
Janáček, Martin ; Farkač, Jan (advisor) ; Nakládal, Oto (referee)
Trichinellosis is a worldwide serious disease transmittable from animals to humans. The disease agent is Trichinella spp., which belongs to the phylum of parasitic nematoda called Nematodes. There are 12 genotypes of Trichinella currently known but the most important for the Czech Republic and neighboring countries are T. spiralis, T. britovi and T. pseudospiralis.
Man can be infected by ingestion of raw or undercooked meat of infected animals. Treatment is very expensive and can be fatal, therefore a great emphasis is placed on prevention, especially control of animal carcasses which are intended for human consumption. The most famous method, also approved by law, is the digestive method, however there are many other methods for testing the presence of a parasite or for specification of genotype.
This paper mainly deals with comparison of known and available methods of detection of trichinosis originators. Furthermore this paper gives character description of majorgenotypes of Trichinella.
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