|
|
Essays on International Migration
Adunts, Davit ; Mittag, Nikolas Karl (advisor) ; Elsner, Benjamin (referee) ; Dinkelman, Taryn (referee)
This thesis explores the effects of international migration on human capital formation in countries of origin. The first chapter investigates the short-run effect of paternal absence due to circular migration on the perseverance skills of children left behind. Using exogenous variation in the timing of return migration induced by bilateral migration laws between Ukraine and Poland, I show that current paternal absence due to circular migration negatively affects the perseverance skills of children left behind. This result is not explained by cognitive skills and is robust to including school and classroom fixed effects. The second chapter (jointly with Bohdana Kurylo) examines the impact of international migration opportunities on origin-country skills composition by exploiting changes in migration opportunities induced by visa liberalization between EU countries and Ukraine. Our results suggest that greater opportunities to emigrate to EU countries increased the probability students will choose subjects that are more likely to lead to internationally transferable skills in Ukraine. We find no evidence that greater opportunities to emigrate to the EU significantly affect student performance or the probability of failing exams in subjects that are likely to lead to more internationally transferable...
|
|
|
Essays in Genoeconomics
Groero, Jaroslav ; Mittag, Nikolas Karl (advisor) ; Biroli, Pietro (referee) ; Walther, Selma (referee)
This thesis explores gene-environment interaction models, which comprise a new and rapidly developing field in the empirical economics literature. I study how investments and environments complement or substitute genetic predispositions in various settings. The first chapter shows that one additional year of education moderates the role of genetic predispositions for important medical conditions and diseases. The second chapter documents that adverse macroeconomic conditions negatively affect risk tolerance for individuals with low genetic predisposition for risk tolerance. At the same time I show that these conditions have no significant effect for individuals with genetic predispositions to be risk tolerant. Finally, the third chapter discusses problems in the methodology of the current gene-environment models and proposes a new approach that addresses them. Jaroslav Groero
|
|
|
Short-time work and related measures to mitigate the consequences of a (partial) economic shutdown
Mittag, Nikolas ; Pertold, Filip
The objective of this document is to provide a basic foundation to think about the merits, alternatives and policy design choices of short-time work policies. The first section characterizes the motivation for short-term work and the types of costs that it can help to reduce or cause. The second section briefly overviews key policy alternatives and their merits, to lay out where short-time work has the potential to be useful, and what alternative tools can amend or replace it. This is followed by an overview of short-time work policies from the last recession and key lessons learned from that experience. The document closes with an overview of short-time work policies already enacted in response to the current economic situation. The main aim of this document is to draw general policy conclusions for the current situation in the Czech Republic based on the reviews and considerations in the first two sections. Section 3 will attempt to do so. Readers who are primarily interested in specific policies or those familiar with the literature on short-time work may want to go straight to Section 3.
|
|
| |
guest ::
