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The Life Cycle of Solar Power, Efficiency and Return
Kubín, David ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
This master’s thesis named “The Life Cycle of Solar Power, Efficiency and Return” is divided into seven chapters and focuses on the utilization of solar radiation in photovoltaic power stations and solar thermal power stations. The first chapter of this thesis familiarizes the reader with issues concerning renewable resources of energy and presents an overview of the focus of each chapter. The following second chapter is occupied with a topical research of renewable resources of energy utilization in Europe. Further the author presents a brief glance back at the past of solar energy utilization and also a prediction of future solar energy utilization in the Czech Republic. The chapter named “Specification and parameterization of individual technologies” contains an overview of today’s most utilized photovoltaic cells and panels together with an overview of utilized solar collectors and solar thermal power stations. In the following chapter named “Concretization of typical applications and realizations of photovoltaic and solar thermal power stations and determination of all related parameters” the author describes further components of photovoltaic and solar thermal systems. The economical aspect of photovoltaic component production together with an overview of utilized photovoltaic technologies is presented in this chapter. The problem of recycling photovoltaic applications and the current legislative situation regarding this issue in the Czech Republic is also outlined within this chapter. In the fifth chapter of this master’s thesis the author presents mathematical models of a photovoltaic and a solar thermal power station with the focus on economic aspects of investment efficiency assessment. Within this master’s thesis a simulation program in the computational software program Mathematica was created by the author. This program allows a calculation of economic efficiency and return of photovoltaic power station investments. The results of executed simulations are presented in the sixth chapter of this thesis. The last chapter contains an appraisal and summary of results achieved by the author of this thesis.
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Actual State and Potential of Renewable Sources Utilization in the EU
Kubín, David ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis named Actual State and potential of renewable sources utilization in the EU offers a detailed summary of the current and future utilization of renewable resources in each member state of the European Union. The opening chapters briefly introduce the term renewable resources and the legislation relating to this issue. The following chapter is devoted to a detailed background research of actual renewable energy utilization in all twenty seven member states of the European Union. The countries are ranked by their dates of accession to the Union in ascending order, in each chapter alphabetically. All information and data are obtained from reliable sources such as annual energy reports of ministries or institutions which are concerned with energy issues. This chapter contains a great amount of charts and tables taken from annual reports and which are revised for the needs of this thesis. The chapter named Potential of renewable energy utilization in the EU offers an insight into the assumed future utilization of renewable resources up to the year 2020. This chapter draws from so-called National renewable energy action plans (NREAP) in which each member state presents its plan leading to higher renewable sources utilization in the near future. The reader is therefore able to familiarize with plans concerning renewable sources in each member state. The chapter named Complex evaluation familiarizes with some pros and cons concerning renewable sources and their utilization. Further the author presents his point of view on renewable sources and some recommendation leading to a better integration of renewable sources into energetics.
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The possibilities electricity savings of refrigeration and cooling equipment according to the distribution rate - the cold storage
Pálka, Marek ; Šlezingr, Jan (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis is focused on the possibilities of electricity savings of the freezing equipment, which would work only in low distribution rate and it would be disconnected from the power source in the high distribution rate. In this work, a total research in the field of refrigeration and cooling equipment, both technological circuits, as well as the principles of temperature regulation and food storage process is made. Another part of the work is focused on freezer testing standards and regulations. Much of the work is devoted to the experimental measurements, in which different types of rates on the given freezer equipment and with them associated the possibilities savings relative to other rates are measured. Another objective of the experimental measurement is to find out the temperature behaviour in the various parts of a freezing apparatus according to the switching time of the rates. There are overall experimental measurements evaluated and the possibility of electricity savings in direct reliance to the processes ongoing in the food during long term storage in the freezer in the unstable storage temperature In the conclusion of the work.
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Design and construction laboratory exercise with Peltier cell
Mejzlík, Michal ; Šlezingr, Jan (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The introduction of this paper describes three thermoeletrical effects and their properties. It also deals with thermoelectrical cells, which are using Seebeck´s and Peltrier´s effects. The paper decribes principles how the Peltier´s cells work, their mathematical model, construction and practical use. The paper shows what kinds, shapes and output we can meet at the market and which kinds of parameters regulate their selection. The paper suggests the possibility to measure characteristic behaviour and quantity during laboratories tasks and their evaluations. At the conclusion is adduced the suggestion of laboratory task together with theoretically made pilot protocol.
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Using Biomass for Cogeneration of Heat and Electricity
Vašíček, Martin ; Macháček, Jan (referee) ; Toman, Petr (advisor)
Theoretical part is concerned to disposal of biomass kinds and various forms of applications. The basic characteristic for each kind of biomass and their forms are presented. Characteristics of energy plants and woods are more detailed. In work are described two fundamental kinds of combustion, fluid combustion and grate combustion, which are used in power plants and heating plants. The work describes process of gasification and obtaining wood gas from biomass. Evaluation of (energy plants, wood biomass and the rest from agriculture production – straw) in light of heating power, treatment, handling, ash creation and environment pollution is provided. Work is concerned to redemption price history, volume of produced biomass and perspective to future. Czech Republic legislation gives support to biomass usage by guarantee for electric energy purchasing and same redemption price perspective. Explain term of cogeneration, possibility of cegeneration units application – their kinds with fuel usage aspect (biogas, natural gas, wood gas). Practical part is concerned to design of such kind of unit. Cogeneration unit will be installed in company, which producing wood. For this reason will be used wood biomass to produce wood gas. Size of unit, fuel consumption, and cost saving in comparison to electric energy together with recovery of investment are calculated. In work is drawn out possibility to connect this unit to distribution electrical network, possibility of electric energy distribution and due this to improve backflow. Noticeable are possibilities to get state grant from various grant sources.
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Construction of sample exercises for model of systems wiring
Pěcha, Jiří ; Bátora, Branislav (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
In this thesis explains the term of systemic wiring and its spread in the Czech Republic. It is written a brief overview of manufacturers which are interested in this area. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages with classic wiring. For further meeting is suggested a laboratory panel which contains instruments from company ABB which belongs to international group Konnex. At the concussion of this thesis is created demonstrational application for controlling of instruments.
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Computer controled inteligent elements of electrical instalation
Kolář, Milan ; Macháček, Jan (referee) ; Bátora, Branislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the field of intelligent wiring. In the first part, there is an explanation of how the inteligent wiring works, its main parts, topology and categorization. In the second part, there is an example of practical application which is built on the elements of the INELS system. There is also a comparison with the classic (conventional) wiring. It is followed by programming and setting up of the wiring with the included software IDM. Finally, there is an example of visualization, a possibility of remote control and function management with a data net.
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Chemical and Physical Properties of Impact Glasses
Křížová, Šárka ; Skála, Roman (advisor) ; Kohout, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (referee)
Abstract This work deals with microstructural features, chemistry and the search for traces of a meteoritic component in proximal tektite-like glasses from the Zhamanshin impact structure (Kazakhstan; further abbreviated as ZIS), and tektites from two strewn fields - moldavites (Czech Republic) and Australasian tektites (Laos; further abbreviated as AAT). Detailed microstructural observations and subsequent chemical and mineralogical studies of various types of inclusions were also performed; these inclusions were mostly found in the studied types of glasses for the first time ever. The aim of this PhD thesis was to (i) describe the microstructure of all studied glasses with a focus on yet unobserved microstructural phenomena, and (ii) try to determine the admixtures of meteoritic components in these glasses. In addition, the available target rocks, which could be a source of moldavites or AAT, were also studied. The microstructures of the studied glasses mutually differ. This is due to a diversity of parent materials and different glass formation conditions occurring during a particular impact event. A new type of "composite splash-form" has been identified among the ZIS glasses, whose chemical composition does not fit into the previously defined groups of irghizites or basic "splash-forms". For...
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