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Human preference to animal species and its impact on species conservation
Marešová, Jana ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Komárek, Stanislav (referee) ; Sedláček, František (referee)
The dissertation thesis deals with human aesthetic preference to other species and its anthropological and conservation aspect. The aesthetic preference to animal species has rarely been systematically studied before and quantitative analyses, especially on a fine taxonomic scale did not exist. On the other hand, it was known that attractive species often receive more support for their conservation. From these simple facts rose the idea to test human aesthetic preference to snake species (and consequently to species across major vertebrate taxa) and use this quantified preference to explain the conservation effort devoted to captive breeding worldwide (measured as size of zoo populations). We confirmed that the perceived attractiveness (preference and/or species' body size) succesfully predicts the size of zoo populations across mammal, bird and reptile taxa. On contrary, we found no effect of the IUCN listing of the species. To find out whether we work with Czech students' preference only or we may generalize to other populations, we carried out the same experiment to determine human preference to boas and pythons in eight cultures of five continents. Despite profound differences of the studied ethnics, we revealed a considerable agreement. Moreover, we found an agreement between pre-school...
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Putting Chopin and the Rez together: multicultural features of Tomson Highway's work
Marešová, Jana ; Kolinská, Klára (advisor) ; Jindra, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis titled Putting Chopin and the Rez Together: Multicultural Features in Tomson Highway's Work focuses on the work of renowned Native Canadian playwright, novelist, and musician Tomson Highway. The paper analyses those features of his writing and music that express the idea of multiculturalism and hybridity. It discusses the nature of the characters in his work and the image of the central character of Native mythology, the trickster. The analysis of dramatic techniques and music shows the way Highway combines his Euro-Canadian education and Native sensibility. Highway supports and promotes the notion of multiculturalism by his work. It has helped him to find personal as well as creative independence.
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Phobia and fear evoked by snakes
Průšová, Lucie ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Maresova, Jana (referee)
The fear of snakes is deeply within humans and primates from past times, when snakes were the first predators known to humans and primates. Snake is negative incentive for humans, humans are even able to note this stimul earlier than neutral ones or other kinds of stimuli, and moreover the brain is able to note this stimuli unconsciously (even though this stimuli is masked). The fear of snakes is very interesting topic, which can be investigated in the case of humans as in the case of animals. In the case of humans, there are more methods to be used to investigate it. These are questionnaires, tests with living snakes, furthermore pictures and photographs with snakes. The tests with living snakes serve to find out the intensity of phobia and if it is possible to decrease or suppress this phobia by contact with snakes and change in thoughts. The fear can be gained by a lot of manners. These are classical conditioning, modelling, negative information and non-associative fear acquisition. The specific question to be solved in this paper is the fear of coralsnakes and their mimics as with these the human has the shortest co-evolution. Key words: Fear of snakes, measuring of fear, classical conditioning, modelling, negative information and non- associative fear acquisition, coralsnake, mimic
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Difficult life situation and its handling - handicapped child care
Vlasáková, Kamila ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Pečenková, Jaroslava (referee) ; Marešová, Jana (referee)
This thesis is dealing with problems of long-time managing a difficult life situation. Like a difficult life situation is considered a taking care of a heavily handicapped child. There are three marriage pairs and one single mother under the research. Children handicapes are mental, moving and sensing, two girls re blind. Longitudes of researching peeriods are various. 9 years, 22 years, 26 years and 41 years. Qualitative research methods were inteerviews and making crisis curves of a psychical state. Research reults showed that substantial influences of managing difficult life siruation are amount, quality and timing of a social cae, way of thinking, evaluation and access to the roblem and longitude and amount onus.
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Importance of play specialist in care of child patients
Pluhařová, Terezie ; Pečenková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vlčková, Naděžda (referee) ; Marešová, Jana (referee)
The objektive of presented Bachelor Nurce Study was to analyse an importace of play specialists postition and to identify thein role at children departement during hospital admission. This work described differences that might be typice for each childhood period and potential play options. Additive objektive of this work was to identify a broad spektrum of childhood Leeds and to recognize potential risk factors for some averse consequences progress during admission. An empiric part of this research was based on an quantitative analysis of medical orderly attitude to positions of play specialists. A study group of investigated subjects (i.e. medical orderly) was resulted from medical orderly using inclusion criteria taken from 2 czech hospitals: Faculty Hospital Prague and Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové.
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The quality of life for families of children born with very low birth weight
Pohlová, Světlana ; Nováková, Jitka (advisor) ; Marešová, Jana (referee) ; Stejskalová, Veronika (referee)
Newborns with very low birth weight ( under 1500g ) are at high risk of developing perinatal complications. These complications can significantly influence the quality of life of not only the children themselves but also their families. The goal of this work was to discover the ways in which families were forced to change their lifestyle and their family organization, and also whether the relationship between the parents in any way changed due to the care that such children often require. The theoretical part of this work is dedicated to the quality of life for the children, a summary of the most serious consequences of perinatal impairment and ethical problems in neonatology. In the reserch part, questionnaires which investigated family situations and the quality of life for children were sent to families and the results were evaluated.
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Breastfeeding problems
Sedláčková, Danica ; Plecitá, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Marešová, Jana (referee) ; Bubeníková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor's work is treating of the fundamentals of correct breast feeding and it is adverting to appearance of the individual problems with breast feeding, their reasons and the prevention of their creation. The research part of this work was mainly turned to the findings of the level of awareness about the breast feeding. The research sample is composed of the women in childbed from the department of confinement in the teaching hospital Hradec Králové. The point of this research was refer to the influence of the insufficient informations on the creation of the problems with breast feeding.
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Parent's awareness of results of children's obesity
Černohorská, Iveta ; Neumann, David (advisor) ; Marešová, Jana (referee) ; Vlčková, Naděžda (referee)
Key words: childhood obesity, awareness, after-effects, prevention The Bachelor work deals with a problem of childhood obesity. It describes its prevalence, causes, treatment, and prevention. The main focus is put on its health and mental after -effects, which start in the early childhood. The base of the work is formed by questionnaires investigating parents` awareness of problems of children's obesity. At the same time it compares knowledge and attitude of respondents in two groups of parents divided according to the place of their residence. The first group presents villages with less than 5 000 inhabitants and the second presents towns with more than 50 000 inhabitants. The research is done at parents of children of preschool age with the help employees of kindergartens.
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The quality of life in children with bronchial asthma
Boušková, Michaela ; Vlčková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Marešová, Jana (referee) ; Machalová, Iva (referee)
The thesis discusses the quality of life in children with bronchial asthma. It outlines causes, classification, symptoms, diagnostics, treatment, prevention, education of children with asthma and their quality of life. The qualitative assessment is the key issue of the work. The object of the research is represented by the children with asthma. The aim of the research is to describe the influence of asthma on the quality of life in children.
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Difficulties in Breast Feeding Full - Term New - Born Children
Felcmanová, Martina ; Marešová, Jana (advisor) ; Nováková, Jitka (referee) ; Bubeníková, Jana (referee)
The Bachelor's Thesis deals the breast-feeding in term of difficulties, that can be found by mothers during a period of lactation. The Theoretical Part is discussing importance of the breast-feeding for a child, a mother and society and it includes instructions for the successful breast-feeding. There are especially mentioned the most frequent difficulties of the breast-feeding, prevention and finding solution of these difficulties. The consulting servise for the breast-feeding are mentioned, too. The Research Part is discussing the breast-feeding difficulties, that appear during first six month of child age. There are noticing ways of finding solution of breast-feeding problems, duration of the breast-feeding, reasons to stop the breast-feeding and specific factors, that influence beginning of breast-feeding difficulties. Surveyed sample contains breast-feeding mothers and their six-months-old children.
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