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What explains the divergence between Scottish and English electoral behaviour?
Zichová, Jitka ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The objective of my thesis was to explain the specifity of the Scottish electoral behaviour in the context of UK General elections as well as its development under the process of the devolution and consequently in the newly established Scottish parliament elections. Firstly, I described the development of the Scottish electoral behaviour on the basis of the time and geographical horizons pointing out the increasing regional differences within the UK. Pursuant to the detailed analysis of the electoral divergence of the Scottish behaviour , I infer that its particularity consists in the existence of the different political values in Scottish society which became even more salient in the period of the Conservative government from 1979 to 1997. This development in the Scottish society hence made the successive Labour government accept the Scottish claim for devolution which lead to the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and the first devolved election held on 6 May 1999 Next, I discussed the impact of the process of devolution on the Scottish electorate. Scottish voters demonstrated that they tend to distinguish their vote in the two different polls. The divergence of the electoral performance of the Scottish electorate in the devolved Scottish elections has been undoubtedly amplified by the operation of...
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The influence of electoral systems on party systems. Comparison of Polish, Slovak, German and Austrian Case.
Nemeth, Marek ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Lebeda, Tomáš (referee)
The author is interested in electoral and political system in Poland, Slovakia, Germany and Austria. At the beginning he rises two basic questions which he would like to answer - Which electoral method is similar to contemporary electoral systems in chosen countries in a result? And how would be changed political-party- system, i f there were another electoral methods? In the General the author offers a detailed look at the analysis of the types of electoral systems, franchise and party systems. This General part is assumption for the Special part which is focused on an research. In the fourth Chapter the author describes electoral systems in Poland, Slovakia, Germany and Austria and in the fifth Chapter he describes party system in those chosen countries. The own research starts in the sixth chapter. The author analyses the results of the last election in Poland (2005), Slovakia (2006), Germany (2005) and Austria (2006) by index of deformation, index Loosemore - Hanby, and index of aggregation. In the next Chapters author analyses parliamentary electoral results in four countries, then he follows new electoral methods (D'Hondt, Imperiáli, Saint Laguě, Hare, Hagenbach-Bischoff) on those results in Poland (2005), Slovakia (2006), Germany (2005) and Austria (2006). In the last Chapter author resumes the...
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The minority Governments in the Czech republic in period 1996-2002
Štefek, Jiří ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Between 1996 - 2002, the Czech Republic had experienced governance of three minority govemements. From the very beginning, all of them had to deal with a complex set of problems involving not only their forming but also their day-to-day business . Tha unusual feature of their constitution meant also new challenge to the legislation process; minority cabinets have to rely on less than half of the members of the Chamber of Deputies in the Parliament of the Czech Republic to push through their legislative proposals. The thesis begins with a brief theoretical intrdouction where I define and classify the concept of minority governments, impact and significance of political opposition in the democratic systém and also the consitutional order of the Czech Republic including the electoral system. The focus of the second part is on an detailed analysis of all three Czech minority govemements involving complicated process of their forming, aspects of their cooperation with oppostion parties, their relationships with the Parliament and the Head of State. A special attention is devoted to the impact they had on the overall political and economical situation in the Czech Republic. Finally, I evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of minority govememts as a solution for post-election situations concluding that that...
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The analysis of elections to the Chamber of deputies of the Czech republic between 1996 and 2002 by aggregate data method
Reimer, Petr ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
2002 were accompanied by a gradual decrease of voter turnout, decrease in the number of parties that exceed the five-percent threshold and by a decrease in regional variability of party support. In that period we could also distinguish a substantial regional dissimilarity of support between left-wing and right-wing parties. According to the following analysis we could explain those differences by various socioeconomic parameters of electoral districts. The most specific electorate among all parliamentary parties could be indentified with the Christian Democrats, whose support is regionally based and positively correlated with the regional rate of religiosity. The analysis of aggregate data allows us to explain the relation between party support and regional characteristics of electoral districts but does not permit explanation of the motives of individual voting behavior. Those conclusions could be made on the basis of public opinion research. This analysis is in general in accordance with the findings of research agencies, concerning the role of economic parameters as the main explanation factors of party support. Nevertheless, the relevance of this statement still remains to be grounded on a longer series of election data. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Elections and Electoral System in Communist Czechoslovakia after 1968
Oraná, Lucie ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The written work deals with the elections and electoral system in communist Czechoslovakia after 1968. The work compares the elections and electoral system, on the one hand, how it was proclaimed by the Communist Party and on the other hand, how the elections were done in reality. It shows that the democratic elections in Czechoslovakia, generally known as a democratic symbol of the people's will, had no right on this title. The first part describes the Representative bodies, the parties and the party system of communist regime. The main part is focused on the elections and electoral system, on the principles of electoral system and how these principles were broken. The final part describes the extinction of mandate, the complementary elections and the polling programs. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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System for the collection of oils and fats from population
Lebeda, Tomáš ; Altmann, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Mimra, Miroslav (referee)
The aim is to assess whether it would be appropriate and possible to extend the separate collection of waste by collecting used edible oil from households. The aim is to demonstrate that the intention is not too costly initial investment and does not require permanent financial subsidy. It is designed recovered system with regard to the lowest possible cost. The main tasks was to identify potential recovered population, determine the recovered system with regard to legislative procedures to determine appropriate waste collection containers and pick-up technique and the assessment of the project in terms of economy. In the Literary sources are given the mechanisms used for logistics of waste management. In your own work experience has been established and the existing system is extended and elaborated on the specific properties of oils. The project is completed economic evaluation with regard to population density collection sites and recommendations are made for practice. Finally, it is a discussion of the proposed system and has been operated by way of collection in some areas.
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Remarks to problem of correct interpretation of party preferences
Lebeda, Tomáš
The article points to the problematic interpretation of electoral polls provided by media, using some examples from Czech press. Journalists are not able to differentiate within various types of polls and their interpretations of poll outcomes are sometimes incorrect. In some cases therefore the psychological effect of legal threshold coupled with media campaigning based on the misinterpretations of preferences can influence voters decisions.
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