|
|
Parental conflicts and speciation in the house mouse
Kropáčková, Lucie ; Reifová, Radka (advisor) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee)
Hybridization between closely related species of mammals is often accompanied by abnormal growth of placentas and fetuses. From the perspective of evolutionary biology, our knowledge about the contribution of such interspecies incompatibilities in speciation is still insufficient. In my thesis, I was finding out if abnormal placental and fetal growth contributes to reproductive isolation of two subspecies of house mouse, Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus, which are at an early phase of speciation and in nature they still hybridize. Using two inbred strains derived from M. m. musculus (PWD/Ph, STUS) and two inbred strains derived from M. m. domesticus (C57BL6/J, SCHEST) we performed four different intrasubspecies and four different intersubspecies crosses. We found out that the size of the placenta in hybrids is more influenced by father, while the size of the fetus is more influenced by mother. After elimination influence of weight of mother and father we have not recorded a significant difference in the size of placentas and fetuses in intrasubspecies and intersubspecies crosses. Our results show that hybridization between subspecies of house mouse does not produce abnormalities in prenatal development, as was observed in hybrids between distant species of mice. It is thus possible that...
|
|
|
Genetic conflicts and speciation
Kropáčková, Lucie ; Reifová, Radka (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
In this thesis I'll examine the role of genetic conflicts in the origin of new species. Genetic conflicts can lead to an origin of reproductive barrier between the emerging species, especially postzygotic reproductive isolation. An example of such conflict could be meiotic drive on sex chromosomes, which distort sex ratio and seems to act a role in a hybrid male sterility. Another example may be genomic imprinting causing an abnormal placenta and embryo development in interspecies hybrids. Coevolution between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes can cause sterility of pollen in hybrids from plants. Similarly, the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility in animals. Mobilization of transposons may also lead to hybrid dysgenesis.
|
|
|
Parental conflicts and speciation in the house mouse
Kropáčková, Lucie ; Reifová, Radka (advisor) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee)
Hybridization between closely related species of mammals is often accompanied by abnormal growth of placentas and fetuses. From the perspective of evolutionary biology, our knowledge about the contribution of such interspecies incompatibilities in speciation is still insufficient. In my thesis, I was finding out if abnormal placental and fetal growth contributes to reproductive isolation of two subspecies of house mouse, Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus, which are at an early phase of speciation and in nature they still hybridize. Using two inbred strains derived from M. m. musculus (PWD/Ph, STUS) and two inbred strains derived from M. m. domesticus (C57BL6/J, SCHEST) we performed four different intrasubspecies and four different intersubspecies crosses. We found out that the size of the placenta in hybrids is more influenced by father, while the size of the fetus is more influenced by mother. After elimination influence of weight of mother and father we have not recorded a significant difference in the size of placentas and fetuses in intrasubspecies and intersubspecies crosses. Our results show that hybridization between subspecies of house mouse does not produce abnormalities in prenatal development, as was observed in hybrids between distant species of mice. It is thus possible that...
|
|
|
Genetic conflicts and speciation
Kropáčková, Lucie ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee) ; Reifová, Radka (advisor)
In this thesis I'll examine the role of genetic conflicts in the origin of new species. Genetic conflicts can lead to an origin of reproductive barrier between the emerging species, especially postzygotic reproductive isolation. An example of such conflict could be meiotic drive on sex chromosomes, which distort sex ratio and seems to act a role in a hybrid male sterility. Another example may be genomic imprinting causing an abnormal placenta and embryo development in interspecies hybrids. Coevolution between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes can cause sterility of pollen in hybrids from plants. Similarly, the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia induces cytoplasmic incompatibility in animals. Mobilization of transposons may also lead to hybrid dysgenesis.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.