|
|
Determination of ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients
Hrach, Filip ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Kotaška, Karel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Filip Hrach Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Consultant: doc. Ing. Eva Klapková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Determination of ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients Ganciclovir is a nucleoside analogue that is widely used for the treatment of infections caused by herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus. Patients after lung transplantation are always given valganciclovir (ganciclovir prodrug) prophylactically to prevent cytomegalovirus infection. The aim of this thesis was to establish a reliable, sensitive and rapid analytical method for the determination of ganciclovir and to validate this method. Furthermore, to determine ganciclovir levels in patients after lung transplantation. The final objective was to evaluate the importance of therapeutic monitoring of ganciclovir. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of ganciclovir. Validation parameters necessary for bioanalytical methods have been established.All validation parameters met the conditions for successful validation.Valganciclovir is used for oral administration of antiviral drugs and ganciclovir for intravenous administration. Patients after lung...
|
|
|
Determination of ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients
Hrach, Filip ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Kotaška, Karel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Filip Hrach Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Consultant: doc. Ing. Eva Klapková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Determination of ganciclovir in lung transplant recipients Ganciclovir is a nucleoside analogue that is widely used for the treatment of infections caused by herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus. Patients after lung transplantation are always given valganciclovir (ganciclovir prodrug) prophylactically to prevent cytomegalovirus infection. The aim of this thesis was to establish a reliable, sensitive and rapid analytical method for the determination of ganciclovir and to validate this method. Furthermore, to determine ganciclovir levels in patients after lung transplantation. The final objective was to evaluate the importance of therapeutic monitoring of ganciclovir. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of ganciclovir. Validation parameters necessary for bioanalytical methods have been established.All validation parameters met the conditions for successful validation.Valganciclovir is used for oral administration of antiviral drugs and ganciclovir for intravenous administration. Patients after lung...
|
|
|
Determination of selenium and manganese in cerebrospinal fluid by atomic absorption spectrometry
Jiráková, Lucie ; Kotaška, Karel (advisor) ; Klapková, Eva (referee)
The aim of this study was to confirm the use of electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of selenium and manganese in the cerebrospinal fluid and to investigate concentrations of selenium and manganese in selected group of patients. For selenium was determined the detection limit 2,9 μg/l, for manganese 0,26 μg/l. 73 patients were examined (31 women, 42 men) whose average age was 14,1 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to age (56 children, 17 adults) and into two subgroups according to diagnoses (oncological, neurological). The control group consists of 18 subjects (5 women, 13 men, average age 21,7 years) with non-oncological and non-neurological diagnoses. We found significantly increased selenium concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in the control group, compared with the group with neurological diagnoses (median = 14,4 μg/l vs. 12,4 μg/l, p < 0.05). Elevated levels of manganese in cerebrospinal fluid was observed in a group of children with oncological diseases compared with control group (1,2 μg/l vs. 0,5 μg/l, p < 0.05). Determination of selenium and manganese in the cerebrospinal fluid may have diagnostic importance in selected groups of patients. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Comparison of gel and capillary electrophoresis of proteins
Krbec, Michal ; Franěk, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kotaška, Karel (referee)
Electrophoresis of serum proteins is one of the methods used in laboratory diagnosis of pathological conditions, but also for research purposes. This is a one-step method, which involves isolation of individual proteins from a mixture (mostly blood proteins) in the electric field in the presence of a suitable buffer and a suitable carrier based on their different mobility, dependent on their surface charge and molecular weight. Originally the carrieer used to be a paper, later cellulose acetate membrane and now it is almost exclusively agarose (purified agar with low endoosmosis) or polyacrylamide (PAA). My task in this work was to analyze a serie of samples by gel electrophoresis and subsequently analyze the same serie by capillary electrophoresis. Results obtained by both methods I worked numerically, compared with each other and statistically evaluated. The output of my work is a comparison of gel and capillary electrophoresis, evaluation of the advantages, disadvantages and especially the differences between these two methods.
|
|
| |
|
|
Investigations of uratic concrements in urolithiasis
Kultová, Lenka ; Zadina, Jiří (advisor) ; Kotaška, Karel (referee)
Urolithiasis is wide - spread disease, which can lead to serious complications as far as acute renal failure. It is important to analyze the composition of calculus for accurate diagnosis and effective prevention. I deal with analysis of urinary stones by infrared spectroscopy and polarization microscopy in this work. In the first part of the work I intent on the methodical aspects of assesment. The set of ten samples, which included rife components of calculi, was evaluated by two software programs - Kidney Stone Analysis and Omnic. Programme Kidney Stone Analysis gives just one end - result. Programme Omnic indicates ten possible results of the constitution of the sample, which best matches with spectra from libraries. The evaluative person has a possibility to compare these results and decide for the end - result, according to how quantitative data in the evaluation repeat. The result of component's content around 10 % can not be regard as totally reliable. The polarization microscope enables to check and specify the results of the analysis. To use a combination of both methods claimed to be very profitable. In the second part of the work, patients' urinary stones were analyzed, in the way how samples are evaluated in laboratory running. Patient group was formed by 20 persons (17 men and 3 women) in the...
|
|
| |
|
|
The posibility of inorganic sulphate determination in patients with severe metabolic disease
Plasová, Martina ; Kotaška, Karel (advisor) ; Zadina, Jiří (referee)
Inorganic Sulphate play important role in various metabolic pathways. The aim of the work was to assess the posibility of inorganic sulphate determination in patients with severe kidney diseses undergoing hemodialysis. Serum sulphate levels were determined in 68 patients (31 men, mean age 67, range 31 - 86 and 37 women mean age 71, range 44 - 86) before and after hemodialysis. Two turbidimetric methods Quantichrom TM Sulfate Assay Kit and BGR gelatine method were used for determination. Both methods were performed separately in group of 34 patients. Results were as follows: Mean serum sulphate levels in patients before hemodialysis are significantly elevated than the levels after hemodialysis (p<0.0001, non parametric t-test, alpha = 0.05). BGR gelatine method show less significant differences in sulphate levels before and after hemodialysis than the Quantichrome Assay method. (p = 0.037 vs. p < 0.001, non parametric t-test, alpha = 0.05 ). This fact could be explained by the significant role of interferences in BGR gelatine method. We confirm the relevance of both metod in inorganic sulphate determination. BGR gelatine method is more affected by interference, than the QuantiChrome Assay method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Laboratory determination of bone markers in the course of osteoporosis
Moučková, Štěpánka ; Dršata, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kotaška, Karel (referee)
1 Abstrakt Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Štěpánka Moučková Supervisor: ing. Marta Pechová Title of bachelor thesis: Laboratory determination of bone markers in osteoporosis The aim of this study is to compare preliminary values of bone formation and resorption markers in newly diagnosed osteoporotic patients with values after their treatment. We compared the serum levels of N-MID osteocalcin and aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen type I (PINP) as markers for bone formation, and serum carboxyterminal telopeptide (β-CTx) as a marker of bone resorption. Data were collected from 66 patients - 60 women (47 postmenopausal and 13 premenopausal) and 6 men. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to age and applied treatment. Analysis of individual markers was performed using Roche Cobas e411 immunochemical analyzer. Simultaneously were measured serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3, kalcium (TCa) and parathyrin. Results show that patients treated with bisphosphonates have a significant change in markers of bone turnover, while in patients without proven osteoporosis the levels of bone markers remain unchanged after the supplementation of vitamin D and calcium. Values of vitamin D without supplementation are often below the...
|
|
|
The use of immunochemical methods in the diagnostic of cancer and degenerative disease
Hanousková, Lenka ; Kotaška, Karel (advisor) ; Bronský, Jiří (referee) ; Štern, Petr (referee)
Introduction: Immunochemical methods have significant importance in biomedical research. The benefit of immunochemical methods is their high sensitivity and accuracy. The aim of the work was to use immunochemical methods in investigation of cancer biomarkers and degenerative diseases. A total of four studies were performed. Two studies were focused on the search for new biomarkers of prostate cancer, the third study was focused on evaluation of FGF23 in patients with hyperparathyroidism, and the fourth study looked at the assessment of hyaluronic acid in synovial fluid of patients with knee gonarthrosis. Methods and patients: Study 1: Concentrations of Chromogranin A, Endoglin, TIMP-1 and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in serum and Endoglin, SPINK-1, Annexin, TIMP-1 in urine were measured in 58 patients with the (mean age 68 years, range 45 - 82 years) with clinically diagnosed prostate cancer and in 30 healthy individuals with the (mean age 64 years, range: 55 - 78 years) without clinically relevant urological history and PSA values in the reference range. Subsequently, serum TK1 levels were measured in 169 patients (mean age 62 years, range 45- 82 years) with prostate cancer and in a control group of 39 healthy men (mean age 61 years, range 54-78 years). The TK1 assay was also used to determine the...
|
guest ::
