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The Bandwidth Selection in Connection to Option Implied Volatility Extraction
Tichý, T. ; Kopa, Miloš ; Vitali, S.
Among various kinds of options we can found at the market, some are traded at organized exchanges and therefore are quite liquid, while others are traded only between particular parties. Whereas there is no need to look for a model to price liquid exchange traded options, since their price is generally accepted by the demand and supply, for illiquid or even exotic options new efficient models are still developed. The current market practice is to obtain the implied volatility of liquid options as based on Black-Scholes type (BS hereafter) models. The focus of this paper is to study the behavior of IV and SPD for several kernel functions and with respect to different choices of bandwidth parameter h. Specifically, we show several interesting implications of the change of h on the violation of no arbitrage condition and the total area of SPD under zero.
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Algorithms for various geometric problems over zonotopes and their applications in optimization and data analysis
Rada, Miroslav ; Černý, Michal (advisor) ; Vlach, Milan (referee) ; Kopa, Miloš (referee)
The thesis unifies the most important author's results in the field of algorithms concerning zonotopes and their applications in optimization and statistics. The computational-geometric results consist of a new compact output-sensitive algorithm for enumerating vertices of a zonotope, which outperforms the rival algorithm with the same complexity-theoretic properties both theoretically and empirically, and a polynomial algorithm for arbitrarily precise approximation of a zonotope with the Löwner-John ellipsoid. In the application area, the thesis presents a result, which connects linear regression model with interval outputs with the zonotope matters. The usage of presented geometric algorithms for solving a nonconvex optimisation problem is also discussed.
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On the pricing of illiquid options with Black-Scholes formula
Tichý, Tomáš ; Kopa, Miloš ; Vitali, S.
Detecting the fair, ie. no-arbitrage, price of an option is a very interesting and challenging task of quantitative finance. It results mostly from the fact that the option payoff is nonlinear and the price can be very sensitive to the changes of underlying factors (especially ATM options). From the other point of view, ATM vanilla options are often traded and liquid, while deep ITM and OTM options are mostly illiquid and it is difficult to estimate the model parameters. Another issue is how to obtain the market assumptions about riskless rate relevant for the option maturity and the future expected dividends. In this paper we focus on a particular problem of extracting parameters to value options on dividend paying stocks via BS model using real data from German option market.
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Value at Risk application to FSD portfolio efficiency testing
Kopa, Miloš
The paper deals with efficiency testing of a given portfolio with respect to all other portfolios that can be created from the considered set of assets. The efficiency is based on the first order stochastic dominance (FSD) relation. A necessary and sufficient condition for the first order stochastic dominance criterion is expressed in terms of Value at Risks (VaRs). Consequently a FSD portfolio efficiency test based on VaRs is formulated. Contrary to the usual case, a general discrete distribution of portfolio returns is assumed what makes the test computationally more demanding comparing to the equiprobable scenarios case. Therefore we present a tractable reformulation of this test that turns constraints on VaRs into classical mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem.
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Optimization of investment decisions in international trade
Gondeková, Tatiana ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Kopa, Miloš (referee)
In this thesis, a portfolio optimization with integer variables which influence optimal assets allocation in domestic as well as in international environment, is studied. At the beginning with basic terms, assets and portfolio background, incentives of portfolio creation, fields of portfolio application and portfolio management is dealt. Following the characteristics of assets and portfolios (expected return, risk, liquidity), which are used by investors to value their properties, are introduced. Next the mean-risk models are derived for the measures of risk - variance, Value at Risk, Conditional Value at Risk and prepared for a practical application. Heuristics implemented in Matlab and standard algorithms of software GAMS are used for solving problems of the portfolio optimization. At the end optimization methods are applied on real financial data and an outputs are compared.
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