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Searching for the place of man in the universe in the work of Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec
Nezbeda, Tomáš ; Kohák, Erazim (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
This paper tries to search for the place of a man in the universe. For this purpose, the author decided to compare some of the key works of two major Czech philosophers, namely Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec. This paper is intended to offer the int roduction to the work of these two philosophers and/or to two philosophical t rends in the modern Czech philosophy. The fi rst chapter deals with methods of the philosophical work of both authors. It also describes the basic points of their questioning, as wel l as intentions they wished to achieve through this questioning. The second chapter focuses on the place of a man in the universe as perceived by Emanuel Rádl; the thi rd chapter analyses the same theme as presented in the work of Milan Machovec. The purpose of the fourth chapter is to present comparison of the main thoughts of the two preceding chapters, and to come to the intentions of this paper indicated above. This theme inter alia offers not only the insight into the contemporary Czech philosophy, but also the insight into the issues of the present life of a man and the society.
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The Theism of Charles Hartshorne
Macek, Petr ; Trojan, Jakub (advisor) ; Sokol, Jan (referee) ; Kohák, Erazim (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to introduce the American process philosopher Charles Hartshorne and his philosophical theism and to relate his approach and his thoughts to the debate about the relationship of theology and philosophy. After introducing the basics of the career and work of Alfred North Whitehead, the better known representative of process thought, and then the career and achievements of Hartshorne himself, I proceed to make a survey of the main aspects of his neoclassical philosophical concept of the God-world relation. Special attention is paid to one of Hartshorne's specifics - his defense and interpretation of the ontological argument for the existence of God. I then deal with Hartshorne's attempts to engage some classical theistic concepts, namely that of Thomas Aquinas, and of the luminaries of Protestant theology, Paul Tillich and Karl Barth, into a kind of dialogue. Then I introduce briefly "process theology" and some significant examples of applying Hartshorne's ideas in theology, Christology, and moral theory. I survey some polemical reactions to process thought and to Hartshorne by German Protestant theologians and I consider the possibility of a certain kinship between Hartshorne's view of the God-world relation and the theology of nonviolence. In the conclusion I survey the outcomes of...
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The promise of wealth and the meaning of politics (Hannah Arendt on politics and economics)
Ujfaluši, Robin ; Kouba, Pavel (advisor) ; Kohák, Erazim (referee)
This paper focuses on the topic which is not so often reflected - the relation between the political and economical sphere in the thought of Hannah Arendt. This relation is usually considered to be unambiguous, as in the old Greek political thought: the political belongs to the sphere of freedom, the economical, on the contrary, to the sphere of material providing or necessity, and thus there is a substantial, invincible gap between them. The main thesis of this paper is, that the relation between the political and the economical is by no means assessable to the ancient tradition, but it is strongly determined by the general reflection of the civilization tendencies in the modern age and keeps its validity til nowadays. We follow this thesis in two phases and from two different perspectives. In the first part, Arendt's thought is being interpreted "from inside". Through the analysis of her writings, we try to sum up the main characteristics and distinctions of her economical-political thought. We start with the often neglected and never finished, but important work What is politics and continue with three historical moments, which are crucial for understanding of this relation by Arendt: the old Greek political thinking, the modern age with Marx as its prominent thinker and american Fathers as founders of...
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The Theism of Charles Hartshorne
Macek, Petr ; Trojan, Jakub (advisor) ; Sokol, Jan (referee) ; Kohák, Erazim (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to introduce the American process philosopher Charles Hartshorne and his philosophical theism and to relate his approach and his thoughts to the debate about the relationship of theology and philosophy. After introducing the basics of the career and work of Alfred North Whitehead, the better known representative of process thought, and then the career and achievements of Hartshorne himself, I proceed to make a survey of the main aspects of his neoclassical philosophical concept of the God-world relation. Special attention is paid to one of Hartshorne's specifics - his defense and interpretation of the ontological argument for the existence of God. I then deal with Hartshorne's attempts to engage some classical theistic concepts, namely that of Thomas Aquinas, and of the luminaries of Protestant theology, Paul Tillich and Karl Barth, into a kind of dialogue. Then I introduce briefly "process theology" and some significant examples of applying Hartshorne's ideas in theology, Christology, and moral theory. I survey some polemical reactions to process thought and to Hartshorne by German Protestant theologians and I consider the possibility of a certain kinship between Hartshorne's view of the God-world relation and the theology of nonviolence. In the conclusion I survey the outcomes of...
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"Guilt and Wrongdoing: The Problem of Responsibility"
Pacovská, Kamila ; Barabas, Marína (advisor) ; Kohák, Erazim (referee) ; Cowley, Christopher (referee)
(in English) This dissertation explores the notions of guilt and wrongdoing in the context of contemporary analytic ethics. It draws upon the critique, advanced in the second half of the 20th century, of a one-sided interest in episodic action and its rightness or wrongness. Thanks to the revival of virtue ethics during this time, the subject matter of ethics was extended to take account of human character and human life as such. As a result, the domain of moral psychology and of contingent aspects of moral experience started to be explored again. This development in ethics is outlined in the first chapter and the second chapter addresses the impact of this changed understanding of ethics upon our conception of moral judgment and responsibility. I suggest that the concept of responsibility divides in two: responsibility for the agent's (inner) fault and responsibility for the wrongdoing itself. Whereas the remainder of chapter two deals with the former, the rest of the thesis focuses upon the latter i.e. upon responsibility for the wrongdoing and upon two problems which are generated by the intricate bearing of luck and contingency on the concept of responsibility. The first of these problems concerns the relation of the person to her guilt. Guilt arises through a condemnable action for which the...
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The promise of wealth and the meaning of politics (Hannah Arendt on politics and economics)
Ujfaluši, Robin ; Kohák, Erazim (referee) ; Kouba, Pavel (advisor)
This paper focuses on the topic which is not so often reflected - the relation between the political and economical sphere in the thought of Hannah Arendt. This relation is usually considered to be unambiguous, as in the old Greek political thought: the political belongs to the sphere of freedom, the economical, on the contrary, to the sphere of material providing or necessity, and thus there is a substantial, invincible gap between them. The main thesis of this paper is, that the relation between the political and the economical is by no means assessable to the ancient tradition, but it is strongly determined by the general reflection of the civilization tendencies in the modern age and keeps its validity til nowadays. We follow this thesis in two phases and from two different perspectives. In the first part, Arendt's thought is being interpreted "from inside". Through the analysis of her writings, we try to sum up the main characteristics and distinctions of her economical-political thought. We start with the often neglected and never finished, but important work What is politics and continue with three historical moments, which are crucial for understanding of this relation by Arendt: the old Greek political thinking, the modern age with Marx as its prominent thinker and american Fathers as founders of...
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Searching for the place of man in the universe in the work of Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec
Nezbeda, Tomáš ; Čapek, Jakub (referee) ; Kohák, Erazim (advisor)
This paper tries to search for the place of a man in the universe. For this purpose, the author decided to compare some of the key works of two major Czech philosophers, namely Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec. This paper is intended to offer the int roduction to the work of these two philosophers and/or to two philosophical t rends in the modern Czech philosophy. The fi rst chapter deals with methods of the philosophical work of both authors. It also describes the basic points of their questioning, as wel l as intentions they wished to achieve through this questioning. The second chapter focuses on the place of a man in the universe as perceived by Emanuel Rádl; the thi rd chapter analyses the same theme as presented in the work of Milan Machovec. The purpose of the fourth chapter is to present comparison of the main thoughts of the two preceding chapters, and to come to the intentions of this paper indicated above. This theme inter alia offers not only the insight into the contemporary Czech philosophy, but also the insight into the issues of the present life of a man and the society.
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