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European Union from the Perspective of the Czech Political Elites: period from 1996 to 2009
Roubíčková, Eliška ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Beneš, Vít (referee)
The Master's thesis European Union from the Perspective of the Czech Political Elites: period from 1996 to 2009 presents how the Czech political parties (Civic Democratic Party - ODS, Czech Social Democratic Party - CSSD, Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia - KSCM and Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party - KDU-CSL) percieved the European Union and the role of the Czech Republic in the EU in the given period. The thesis departs from both basic constructivist principles and the concept of polity ideas. Further, it presents four ideal types of political system: Federal State, Intergovernmental Cooperation, Economic Community and Network. Then, looking at the individual political parties' perspective on selected components of polity ideas the thesis assigns the political parties to the ideal types. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the constructivist approach to the European integration and on three major approaches which use discourse analysis to study the process of European integration. The analytical part of this thesis then describes the ideas of the Czech political parties. Each political party is presented in a separate chapter.
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Spain's Attitude towards Eastern Enlargement of the European Union
Podhorová, Martina ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
The Master's thesis Spain's Attitude towards Eastern Enlargement of the European Union focuses on the explanation of the final decision of Spain to support the Eastern Enlargement of the European Union. The thesis departs from the theoretical assumptions of rationalism, constructivism and two logics of political and social action: logic of consequences and logic of appropriateness (March, Olsen). The methodological framework of research is provided by an explanatory single case study, a specific method applied is congruence method and as a supplement to knowledge obtained from secondary sources serves discourse analysis. In accord with the theoretical basis of the thesis are developed independent (a) economic interests, b) special identity of the EU to the state od Central and Eastern Europe, c) similar historical experience) and dependent variables (decision of Spain on enlargement). The thesis includes a description of the process of the Eastern enlargement of the EU and Spain's attitudes towards European integration and Easten enlargement, the theoretical framework and the literature overview. The thesis also includes the empirical analysis of Spain's decision.
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Realistic and Liberal Approach within the International Relations Theory: Case of US' Annexation of Texas (1845)
Vrabec, Michal ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Drulák, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis "Realistic and Liberal Approach within the International Relations Theory: Case of US' Annexation of Texas (1845)" deals with the testing of two chosen theories of international relations on this particular historic event. Balance of threat theory by Stephen Walt was chosen as a representative of realistic tradition. Moravcsik's liberal theory of international relations was chosen on behalf of liberal tradition. The main task of this paper is to test the explanatory power of both given theories. The field of interest in this particular case is American alliance behavior in 1840's. The theories will be tested separately and as the part of paper the author also delivers a brief introduction into both traditional approaches (realism and liberalism) within the international relations theory. The paper is divided into three chapters. After giving a brief historic introduction about the annexation itself both theories will be tested. The results of the research in the Texan archives during author's one year stay in Texas ware very important source of the information.
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Current Problems of the Human Rights Protection in the European Union
Prokopová, Helena ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
The thesis focuses on internal dimension of human rights protection in the EU. It studies the development of the EC/EU official commitment to human rights in the EC law, role of some EU institutions in its protection and the problems that EU and its member states face in relation to human rights protection in the European region. It analyses changes and opportunities for the future human rights protection system in the period after the Lisbon treaty enters into force. On two case studies, the author shows how the member states of the EU violate some human rights. First study focuses on grave human rights violation committed in name of war against terrorism; second study assays the seriousness of spreading of discrimination based on race and ethnic origin that is on increase in the EU member states. The attention is also paid to the consequences of such violations on the EU and its member states global performance as human rights defenders. On the basic of liberal theory of international justice it shows that on the condition that serious human rights violation happens on the territory of EU member states, they could limits the possibilities of its global performance on the field of human rights protection and democracy promotion that our among the basic principles of EU Common Foreign and Security policy.
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Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Schwarz, Josef ; Moravcová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee) ; Šišková, Naděžda (referee)
The main aim of this dissertation thesis is to explain the creation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and to identify elements of integration and stagnation of this process. Consequently, the main question is whether the Charter leads to a deepening of the Union's integration or rather contributes to its stagnation. Two subsidiary questions of the thesis are as follows: Has there been a transfer of competences of the Member States to the Union due to the Charter? Has the creation of the Charter contributed to the formation of European identity? The thesis also deals with the role of various actors in the said process.
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The Development and the Role of International Criminal Justice in Today's World
Permanová, Lucie ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with international criminal justice, which began to influence international politics during the last twenty years. After the end of the Cold War, a lot of armed conflicts were breaking out. They were accompanied by unprecedented inhuman acts and atrocities. The international community had to find a solution for how to respond to such events. In 1993, the United Nations Security Council acted under Chapter VII of The Charter of the United Nations and decided unanimously upon the establishing of an ad hoc International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. The Tribunal's role was to prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed during the Balkans conflict. A year later, in 1994, the Security Council decided to establish another ad hoc tribunal - The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, which served to punish the architects of Rwandan genocide. Both tribunals sped up negotiations and the decision to establish the permanent International Criminal Court, whose objective is to help end impunity for the perpetrators of the most serious crimes of concern to the international community. The crime of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and in the future the crime of aggression. Firstly, this thesis analyses the ad...
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