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Plant-soil feedbacks, their mechanisms and role in plant communities
Kuťáková, Eliška ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kaštovská, Eva (referee) ; de Kroon, Hans (referee)
Plants can influence both the abiotic and biotic properties of the soil they grow in and in such way modified soil can affect performance of the plants growing simultaneously or subsequently in this soil, in a mechanism called plant-soil feedback. Plant-soil feedback can occur between two individuals of the same species (conspecifi c feedback) or between individuals of two different species (heterospecific feedback). So far, plant-soil feedbacks have been shown to play role in vegetation succession, plant invasions and coexistence of species in plant communities. However, mostly due to complexity of processes involved in plant-soil feedbacks, there are still blank pages in our understandings of these plant-soil interactions. This thesis aimed to (i) investigate relationship between heterospecific feedbacks and plant phylogeny, species traits and co-occurrence patterns in plant communities; (ii) disentangle the biotic and abiotic components of soil feedback and evaluate their importance for plant species from a primary successional sequence; (iii) study the individual components of plant-soil feedbacks in a species rich grassland and evaluate their persistence in soil; and (iv) investigate if plant-soil feedbacks can be shaped by presence of soil mesofauna. I found that (i) heterospecific plant-soil...
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Plant-soil feedbacks, their mechanisms and role in plant communities
Kuťáková, Eliška ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kaštovská, Eva (referee) ; de Kroon, Hans (referee)
Plants can influence both the abiotic and biotic properties of the soil they grow in and in such way modified soil can affect performance of the plants growing simultaneously or subsequently in this soil, in a mechanism called plant-soil feedback. Plant-soil feedback can occur between two individuals of the same species (conspecifi c feedback) or between individuals of two different species (heterospecific feedback). So far, plant-soil feedbacks have been shown to play role in vegetation succession, plant invasions and coexistence of species in plant communities. However, mostly due to complexity of processes involved in plant-soil feedbacks, there are still blank pages in our understandings of these plant-soil interactions. This thesis aimed to (i) investigate relationship between heterospecific feedbacks and plant phylogeny, species traits and co-occurrence patterns in plant communities; (ii) disentangle the biotic and abiotic components of soil feedback and evaluate their importance for plant species from a primary successional sequence; (iii) study the individual components of plant-soil feedbacks in a species rich grassland and evaluate their persistence in soil; and (iv) investigate if plant-soil feedbacks can be shaped by presence of soil mesofauna. I found that (i) heterospecific plant-soil...
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Influence of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) on composition of low molecular mass organic acids and on composition of microbial community in forest soils
Zývalová, Jana ; Tejnecký, Václav (advisor) ; Kaštovská, Eva (referee)
Locations of interest for this diploma thesis are located in the Jizera Mountains and represent forest soils developed on acidic rocks (porfyric granite). The sites are tens of meters apart, making sure that all the abiotic conditions affecting the soil-forming process are very similar. The only significant difference between the localities is the species composition of the overstorey vegetation. On one site there is only the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), on the other only the Norway spruce (Picea abies). At both locations, soil samples were taken from each horizon L-B in which basic soil parameters and elemental contents (active and exchangeable soil reactions, moisture, cation exchange capacity, basic saturation, dissolved organic carbon and others) were analyzed. The low molecular mass organic acids were determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The bacterial phyla in the soil were calculated based on the Illumina sequencing to which preceded DNA isolation and quantitative PCR. Based on the results of the analyzes, the monitored soils were characterized as acidic with an unsaturated to strongly unsaturated soil sorption complex. Between the beech and spruce stands, differences in the contents of some water-extractable elements and the exchangeable elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Al) and moisture...
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