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Problematic aspects of public tenders from the perspective of a municipality
Hájková, Petra ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Millerová, Ivana (referee)
The problematic aspects of awarding of public procurement from the perspective of the municipality. The aim of this thesis is a presentation of certain problems associated with awarding of public procurement by public authority - the municipality. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part provides a general introduction to the topic. This part defines the basic terms and principles associated with public procurement, attention is also focused on a definition of local government units. At the beginning of the second part a legal framework of public procurement and a brief view of the future legislativ is presented. The most important section of this part describes bodies of the municipality and their competences associated with awarding of public procurement. Thereafter it deals with mistakes and shortcomings which may arise during the tender process from the part of municipalities. In this part specific situations coming from the practical experience of municipalities are described and analysed, including a list of potential impacts on municipalities. Attention is also paid to current jurisdiction and decision making practices of the Office for Protection of Competition. The final part of this thesis summarizes the conclusions drawn in the previous chapters.
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Research of vertebrate-microbiota relationship using germ-free organisms
Kubovčiak, Jan ; Kreisinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájková, Petra (referee)
Germ free (axenic) animals are individuals reared under specific conditions preventing their contact with surrounding microorganisms. Some of the features observed in these individuals vary from those observed in naturally colonized counterparts. These differences probably reflect the influence of presence of a complex intestinal microbial population in the intestine, which influences important physiological functions of the host body by various mechanisms. Thus, nature of these differences allows to study relationship of the host, vertebrate in this case and its microbiota, which evolved into a complicated system of interactions providing relatively stable coexistence. Germ free research of this relationship is focused on interactions between microbiota and host's immune system, metabolism, morphology of digestive tract and behavior. This thesis provides summary of research outcomes on previously mentioned topics. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Reconstruction of palaeo-environmental conditions of a former lake Šúr during the late-glacial and Holocene using macrofossil analysis
Potůčková, Anna ; Žáčková, Pavla (advisor) ; Hájková, Petra (referee)
The Danubian Plain is nothern part of the Pannonian Plain and in terms of palaeobotanical research it is an entirely unexplored area. However, this region is assumed to contain cryptic glacial refugia and migration routes of thermophilous biota northward after the Last Glacial Maximum. The late-glacial and Holocene natural long-term succession and temporal changes in the composition of plant communities of lowland lakes in the Slovakia is unknown. Šúr, a National Nature Reserve is a former lake, presently overgrown by alder carr forest. Successional development since the late-glacial was studied along two profiles. Macrofossil analysis was carried out on lake sediments extending to the Middle Pleniglacial (OIS 3). Using knowledge of the modern ecological requirements of taxa, past environmental conditions were reconstructed. The historical biogeography of selected plant species in Europe during the late- glacial and Holocene is also discussed. During the Middle Pleniglacial Myriophyllum spicatum and Chara sp. grew in the lake. During the late-glacial shallow basin contained a calcareous, meso- to eutrophic lake with Potamogeton filiformis, P. praelongus, Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium etc. During the early Holocene these elements disappeared and thermophilous plants immigrated, such as the...
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Usage of molecular genetics in investigation of origin of domesticated animals
Buchtová, Lucie ; Vinkler, Michal (advisor) ; Hájková, Petra (referee)
Animal domestication has been one of the most significant agricultural activities of modern humans. It allowed not only more efficient utilization of some animals, but also their breeding which led to improvements in their properties and through crossbreeding to gain of novel forms utilizable in agriculture. This artificial selection and in several cases probably also interspecific hybridization allowed the emergence of the contemporary diversity of breeds of the domestic animals. The origin of individual breeds has been, however, long forgotten and comparative morphology cannot provide us much guidance for understanding of the relatedness of individual breeds. The information on relatedness of breeds is, nonetheless, highly needed, for instance, for evaluation of selection and prediction of the functional significance of the existing genetic variability. Hence, methods of molecular genetics represent the only way how to estimate phylogeny of the domestic breeds. The aim of this work is to shortly review molecular methods which have been used in animal domestication research and outline the results which have been obtained by their application. Based on incongruences and agreements in the results of the published studies the applicability of these methods is critically evaluated and credibility of...
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Genetic structure of mammalian invasive populations on islands
Loudová, Miroslava ; Černá Bolfíková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hájková, Petra (referee)
Biological invasion is understood as introduction, establishment and expansion of organisms into new, non-native area. This is a natural process that is significantly compounded by human activities and is one of the factors that threaten biological diversity and stability of natural ecosystems. Understanding to the evolution and current status of invasive populations is especially important for planning a project to eradicate invasive species from certain areas to avoid their negative impact on the environment. One option for the research of the invasive populations and their history is the analysis of genetic material. This thesis summarizes the current knowledge on invasive populations of small mammals on the islands, with the focus on genetic studies. Specifically, the study of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) on Moturemu island and five archipelagos off the coast of Brittany; black rats (Rattus rattus) on Congo Cay, Madagascar, Guadeloupe Archipelago, Sainte Anne Archipelago and Canary Islands; Pacific rats (Rattus exulans) on Tetiaroa Atoll; house mice (Mus musculus) on Marion Island; house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) on Kerguelen Archipelago; red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) on Jersey island, West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in New Zealand; pygmy shrews (Sorex minutus) in Ireland and...
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Prediction of Stock Returns Usig Financial Statement Analysis
Hájková, Petra ; Jakubík, Petr (advisor) ; Hollmannová, Monika (referee)
This diploma thesis should contribute to research in the area of fundamental analysis. Its aim is to study whether financial statement data of Czech non-financial companies capture information that is not reflected in prices. Therefore, the question is whether investment strategy based on financial statement analysis could earn excess returns. In order to test this hypothesis, a three-step estimation procedure based on a logit model is used to identify financial ratios relevant for prediction of future earnings. The final estimated model includes four financial ratios and is then used to set a one-year investment strategy. Although the performance of the estimated model is not too sound, this investment strategy brings positive abnormal returns during the monitored period of time. Despite the fact that results were influenced by several factors, they could indicate that financial statement analysis of companies listed on the Prague Stock Exchange is able to predict stock returns. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Prediction of Stock Returns using Financial Statement
Hájková, Petra ; Hollmannová, Monika (referee) ; Jakubík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis should contribute to research in the area of fundamental analysis. Its aim is to study whether financial statement data of Czech non-financial companies capture information that is not reflected in prices. Therefore, the question is whether investment strategy based on financial statement analysis could earn excess returns. In order to test this hypothesis, a three-step estimation procedure based on a logit model is used to identify financial ratios relevant for prediction of future earnings. The final estimated model includes four financial ratios and is then used to set a one-year investment strategy. Although the performance of the estimated model is not too sound, this investment strategy brings positive abnormal returns during the monitored period of time. Despite the fact that results were influenced by several factors, they could indicate that financial statement analysis of companies listed on the Prague Stock Exchange is able to predict stock returns.
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