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Demise in Perception. Walter Benjamin's dialectics of the Persona
Nolz, Philipp ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (referee)
Title: Demise in Perception Walter Benjamin's dialectic of the Persona Abstract: The present study understands itself as a contribution to the concept of the person in the work of Walter Benjamin, accenting this term in his earlier writings until 1928. The person or persona, rarely noted in current research, thereby appears to be a key concept of a dialectic philosophy of history, which not only meets the requirements of collecting the singularities in history, but manages to mediate them with and through their transindividual totality. Such a reading takes the task seriously to read Walter Benjamin through the philosophy of Benjamin and, by doing so, creates new possible alliances with some contemporary philosophical works (e.g. Gilles Deleuze). Keywords: Walter Benjamin ; philosophy of history ; theory of the subject ; Frankfurt school ;
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Archaeology of Life in Merleau-Ponty and Canguilhem. Convergences from Critical Epistemology to Indirect Ontology
Tanguy, Semyon Vaclav Samuel ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Sibertin-Blanc, Guillaume (referee)
: In this research, i am investigating the validity of a divide coined by Foucault, between two philosophers, Canguilhem and Merleau-Ponty, on the basis of their philosophical orientation. The first one belongs to the "philosophy of the concept", while the other represents the "philosophy of the subject", and those two traditions, says Foucault, are "radically heterogeneous". I believe that this divide doesn't take into account that both Merleau-Ponty and Canguilhem are intending to tackle such an opposition between concept and subject by going back, using an archeological methodology, to its root. They both find it in a faulty comprehension of what the body, and more generally what the concept of "life" is, in their contemporary episteme, as it is seen through the scope of quantity and measurability. Working their way down from epistemology to ontology, they'll undermine this very scope by showing how quality and value stem from life itself, without the need for any kind of reflexive subject to postulate them, and are core categories for its understanding. Their ontology, indirect as it is, as life can only express itself through its anthropological situation, shows that before the "concept" or before the "subject", exists the "living", the "being-in-the-world", from which they both originate....
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The undissolvable color. On Adorno's disclosing critique.
Stoel, Hendrik Lambert ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Klass, Tobias Nikolaus (referee)
The undissolvable colour - On Adorno's disclosing critique Abstract For a long time, the hermeneutical tradition and that of Critical Theory have been considered as antithetical. In the work of Theodor W. Adorno, a key representative of Critical Theory, both traditions coincide. The central thesis of this essay is that the meaning of 'critique' for Adorno can only be fully grasped if it is at the same time understood as an interpretation of social reality. This essay attempts to demonstrate that his critique is fundamentally a disclosing critique. In the light of this thesis, several aspects of Adorno's critique are examined and several problems delineated. Key words: Adorno, critique, interpretation, Critical Theory, praxis.
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The Community According to Georges Bataille, Maurice Blanchot, and Jean-Luc Nancy: from The Politic to Art
Pourhosseini, Behrang ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Sibertin-Blanc, Guillaume (referee)
Given the difficulty of relying on the classical notions of political thought to refer to what is in common between human beings, we have seen from the 80s the emergence of a debate around the concept of « community » in the field of political philosophy. Out of all the philosophers who have talked about the question of community, three authors, Georges Bataille, Maurice Blanchot and Jean-Luc Nancy, have tried to analyze, in their own manner, the question of « the common » not only in the field of politics but also in the ontological field, as well as the aesthetic or literary field. For these authors, if the question of the community is primarily that of the relation, it's because « being » itself is defined as a relation or as a community. « Being » is always « being-with » or « being-together ». The community is based on the simple fact that one lives with others, and on the inclination of one to the other. What makes the common, which puts the beings in connection, is the fact that being tends to put itself out of itself, and that's what Bataille means by the notion of « ecstasy ». For our authors, love and literature are two decisive moments in the communal experience. Writing is the inherent element of community (communication). It is through writing that the exposure of individuals to the...
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The feminine and the writing. From Nietzsche till Derrida and beyond
Jovanovic, Jasmina ; Francois, Arnaud (advisor) ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (referee)
The feminine and the writing From Nietzsche till Derrida and beyond Abstract By means of the subtitle "From Nietzsche till Derrida and beyond" we allude allusion to the subtitle of Derrida's "The Post Card: From Socrates till Freud and beyond", but at the same time to what is at stake in the numerous "beyond" stated by every approach of a philosophical work. The writing experience itself is of great importance for us in that it is possible to distinguish a "personal dimension" (which we characterise using a neologism as "voicing" (voixante)) and a "professional dimension" (conceptual). Every work is in that sense a specific illustration of an internal singing, of a melody that can be brought in contact with life and not only turned towards life. It is precisely this voicing dimension of life the one who grants the longevity of a work as well as the trait of a method that differs from the one embodied in the written text (Socrates) or issued from an already constructed theoretical corpus (Freud). It is the mystery of the feminine that which draws the line that goes between Derrida, Nietzsche and Socrates: Socrates as the bearer of the feminine voice in his refusal of writing, Derrida as the seed-sower of the masculine voice in his writing. Nietzsche in-between. The sonority of silence in the writing...
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Crust and magma: on Gilles Deleuze's notion of chaos
Arbaiza Rodriguez, Daniel ; Sibertin-Blanc, Guillaume (advisor) ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (referee)
We proceed with an evaluation of the notion of chaos in Gilles Deleuze's thought, showing how it is found at the center of a problematic between matter and form shared by different domains of knowledge. In the first moment, we proceed with an analysis of the genesis of this problematic in the context of a critique of representation, in the following we will evaluate the relationship between matter and form from the point of view of a theory of the faculties, and finally, we will attempt to understand the relationship between intensive matter and creation for philosophy as well as painting. Title Crust and magma: on Gilles Deleuze's notion of chaos Key-words Chaos - Matter - Form - Difference - Creation 1
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Me impersonal by young Fichte (1794-1800) - in the light of fenomenology contemporary
Tai, Yuen Hung ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (advisor) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
Le Moi impersonnel chez le jeune Fichte (1794-1800) - à la lumière de la phénoménologie contemporaine Yuen-Hung TAI (2009-2011 Erasmus Mundus Master) Our studies aim at interpreting the notion of I in early Fichte (1794-1800) in the light of contemporary phenomenology. It is essential to understand the Fichte's I not as a overhanging and substantial subject, but rather as the place of encounter between I and Not-I, subjects and objects. We attempt to answer the following four problems starting from Fichte's conception of I. (1) What is the practice of philosophy? (2) What does it mean by I? (3) How could I know myself? (4) Where I move myself as being alive?
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Claude Lévi-Strauss: the finite thinking
Ladaria, Elene ; Sibertin-Blanc, Guillaume (advisor) ; Goddard, Jean-Christophe (referee)
Claude Lévi-Strauss: the finite thinking The master thesis addresses questions concerning the structuralist epistemology by taking Claude Lévi-Strauss as its basic reference. It starts with problematizing the structure as a locus of production of sense by way of confronting it with non-structure. The analysis proceeds through interrogations about creativity, the normal and the pathological, transformations of knowledge bounded to the social devices. And in the last instance, taking into consideration this figure of floating of sense against its opposite, an attempt is made to elicit the resources which the structuralism itself may deploy for its auto-critique.
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