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The use of negative campaigning in the communication of selected candidates for the office of the President of the Czech Republic on the social networks Facebook and Twitter
Gelnar, Matyáš ; Rosenfeldová, Jana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Marcela (referee)
This thesis examines the use of negative campaigning in the communication of selected presidential candidates on the social networks Facebook and Twitter. The aim of the thesis was to find out how much negative campaigning was present in the published posts of the social networks. The chosen research method is quantitative content analysis. For purpose of this analysis, the time period from one calendar month before the first round of the presidential election to the day of the of the second round of the presidential election was set out. The analysis examined published posts of 3 candidates, who according to the election model of Data Collect and Kantar CZ, had the highest percentage chance of advancing to the second round of the election of the President of the Czech Republic. They were Petr Pavel, Andrej Babiš and Danuše Nerudová. The subjects of the analysis were, for example, the time distribution of individual posts, the use of the negative campaigning and the number of likes. The results of the analysis showed that negative campaigning was a certain part of the pre- election communication on the social networks of each candidate, but differences could be observed in the extent of its use. The analysis also showed that posts with negative campaigning were more popular on social media only for...
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Community ecology of parasites of chub fry (Leuciscus cephalus L.)
Dávidová, M. ; Jurajda, Pavel ; Gelnar, M.
The formation and development of metazoan parasite community of chub fry (Leuciscus cephalus L.) was followed in the period from July 2000 to May 2001. Chub fry (N=190) were sampled monthly from the River Morava. Altogether 27 parasite species have been recorded. The most common parasites in the investigated locality were representatives of the class Monogenea, especially viviparous gyrodactylids. First, juvenile fish 29 mm in size were found to be infected with ectoparasites and metacercariae. On the opposite, host fish larger then 50 mm were colonised with intestinal parasites.
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The effect of posthodiplostomosis on the cyprinid fish fry
Ondračková, Markéta ; Dyková, Iva ; Gelnar, M. ; Jurajda, Pavel
Posthodiplostomosis, called also black-spot disease, is caused by metacercariae of Posthodiplostomum cuticola (Trematoda, Diplostomatidae). These parasites were studied on the cyprinid fish in floodplain area of the River Dyje in South Moravia. Twelve species from 16 totally explored Cyprinids were infected by metacercariae of P. cuticola during 1998, 1999 and 2001. Roach (Rutilus rutilus), rudd (S. erythrophthalmus), silver bream (B. bjoerkna), common bream (A. brama), bitterling (R. sericeus) and Prussian carp (C. auratus gibelio) were infected in all followed seasons. These species were histologicaly examined. During the cyst development the progressive maturation of connective tissue in outer layer of the cyst and infiltration of pigment cells were observed. Production of black pigment around the parasite cyst was chacteristic host reaction. Mainly melanocytes and in a small measure iridocytes took part in the pigmentation. The metacercariae of P. cuticola caused in the juvenile fish spine and body deformation. By high invasion the tissue dystrophy was observed.
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Fish assemblage and stone loach (Barbatula barbatula) population in the river Haná
Prokeš, Miroslav ; Baruš, Vlastimil ; Peňáz, Milan ; Koubková, B. ; Gelnar, M.
Ecological parameters of the fish assemblage and stone loach population are presented. In total, 25 fish species from 7 families in the river Haná (23 species), including its sources Velká Haná (5 species) and Malá Haná (7 species), were found. Index of species diversity (H') ranged from 0.00 to 1.96, abundance was 89.0 - 22754.8 (mean = 3874.5) exx.ha-1 and biomass was 1.87 - 599.1 (mean = 115.07) kg.ha-1. In five localities in middle and lower parts of the Haná of total 20 localities, no fish was found. Stone loach occured in the whole longitudinal profile within the trout and cyprinid assemblages in abundance of 12.7 - 18260.7 (mean = 2452.8) exx.ha-1 and in biomass of 0.04 - 58.8 (mean = 10.27) kg.ha-1. Species weight dominance (D) was 0.31 - 15.00% (mean = 4.96%). Population of stone loach is a suitable in the stream for investigations of the fish metazoan parasite biology and ecology.
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Monogenean parasites of fishes of economic importance
Gelnar, M. ; Blažek, R. ; Matějusová, I. ; Ondračková, Markéta ; Šimková, A.
To date , altogether 165 species of monogenean parasites have been recorded on the territory of Czech and Slovak Republics. In comparison with the status of monogenean organismal diversity described in monograph published by Ergens and Lom (1970): "Causative Agents of Fish Diseases", there is a significant increase in regional parasite species richness. During last 30 years, 47 species of monogeneans have been newly recorded in the mentioned territory. Following three reasons trying to explain the situation: 20 monogenean species have been recognized like species nova for science after 1970; another 14 parasite species have represented a new zoogeographical records in central Europe and finally altogether 11 monogenean species have been introduced to our fauna from exotic regions.
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