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Rights of a child under the jurisdiction of bodies reponsible for social and legal protection of children
Haasová, Denisa ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis is focused both on the family, child, and the state authorities and their jurisdiction. The aim of my study was to determine how the activities are regulated by the state as child protection authority in the various legal sectors. It consists of nine main chapters and several sections. Of which I will base institutes: History, concepts, importance of laws, family, child protection, court work, activities, authorities, rights and duties of children and parents, file documentation. It also includes a list of legislation addressing child protection. There is also a treatment and its important international conventions. The basic concepts I deal with most concept, the child's welfare "as well as the best interest of the child" The purpose of analysis, legislation was to draw attention to its shortcomings, neucelenost, but also find the positives versus the time past, to draw attention to the preparation of new legislation. The last chapters are devoted to various activities to authorities OSPOD when working with family is available, the study of documents, data collection techniques. The conclusion is expressed views on the current legal system, its shortcomings and vision for the future .
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Legal pre-conditions for parenthood
Mrázek, Lukáš ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the legal pre-conditions for parenthood. These are objectively understood as a set of provisions, which give us the answer, who are the legal parents of a child. These provisions are motivated by an effort to harmonize legal parenthood with biological. They are a source of important statutory rights of an individual, which to some extent determine his/her legal status from the very birth. With statutory rights are subsequently firmly bound public legal consequences. These are mainly a relationship between the individual and the state, in particular the obligation to register a child in the state-led civil registration, and also the acquisition of the citizenship. The relationship of parent and child can be considered as basic and most important personal relationship ever. As a result, various rights and duties arise of this relationship, and therefore the need to regulate such relations by the law has appeared with the evolution of human society, so they were build on a solid basis without being disputed. Every state should thus have the obligation to implement such provisions into its legal order. This thesis is drafted in accordance with the division of the legal pre-conditions for parenthood to motherhood and fatherhood. A short introductory part deals...
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The legal status of parents of a child in case of the child's adoption
Vaisová, Petra ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
The legal status of parents of a child in case of the child's adoption Abstract The thesis is concerned with adoption, focusing primarily on the legal status of child's parents during adoption proceedings. It aims to highlight the current problems, which stem not only from the incompleteness and ambiguity of the legislation, but also from its application in practice. When analyzing the particular topics, I relied on professional publications and commentaries on laws, which I compared with the actual articles in selected journals and the current jurisdiction, which, however, is not too rich in this area. Practical side was consulted with Dr. Zarasova - an employee of the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children in Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. The work consists of an introduction, five successive chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter defines the basic terms that are often used in practice and the definition of which is often not entirely clear - children, parents and family. In addition, this chapter addresses the concept of substitute family care and introduces some of its forms, which the law in the Czech Republic offers. As an overview, several international and year-to-year comparisons are also listed. The second chapter investigates the actual adoption in more detail. It...
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The right of a child to know his/her genetical origin
Krejčí, Aneta ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
in English - The right of a child to know his or her genetical origin The purpose of my thesis is to analyze relevant legal regulation of parenthood in Czech Republic and its impact on the right of a child to know his or her genetical origin, guaranteed by Convention on the rights of the child. The thesis itself is composed of six chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects. Chapter One is introductory and attempts to explain, who are parents of a child. There is also mentioned Article 7 of Convention on the rights of the child, which is crucial for the topic of this thesis. This Article appoints the right of a child to know his or her genetical origin. Second chapter pays attention to status of the person in Czech legal enactments. It is a multidisciplinary topic, because it combines Administrative Law and Family Law, but it was necessary to mention these questions in this Thesis. Chapter Three focuses on motherhood and it consists of four main subchapters. First subchapter discusses the negation of principle "Mater semper certa est" and topping up the definition of motherhood in Czech Family Law. Other subchapters presents the most discussed issues related to motherhood, which are anonymous childbirths, baby- boxes and surrogate mothers. All of these topics are somehow controversial in...
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Foster care in private and public law
Čiháková, Adéla ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
FOSTER CARE IN PUBLIC AND IN PRIVATE LAW Abstract The diploma paper deals with the present legal regulations of foster care in private law as well as in public law. The institute of foster care is placed on the frontier of public and private law and the purpose of my diploma paper is to assess, after a complete analysis, which of these two law branches is the foster care closer to. The diploma paper is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to the institute of foster care in general. This chapter has to introduce the reader into the problems and to acquaint him with the basic way-outs. The second chapter defines the notion of foster care and its purpose. Also the historical way-outs are described there. We can see the progression of this institute, as we understand it these days, since 19th century. The essential modification came during the period of communism and the reinsertion of the institute of foster care came at the end of 90's in 20th century. The third chapter is about the present legal regulations of foster care in the legal order of Czech Republic. The sources of legal regulations of foster care, including international sources that govern family law, are characterized there. There are also mentioned single presumptions of the inception of foster care, requests on the person...
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Reasons for intervetion in the exercising of parental rights
Kraicová, Kateřina ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
Grounds of intervention in execution of parental rights (abstract) The upbringing of a child is the major right and duty of its parents. The Convention on the Rights of the Child binds signatory states to respect the privacy of the family and the rights of parents to raise their children. According to this international treaty and also to national legal documents, such as the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms and the Family Code, the only acceptable ground for state intervention into the family is the interest of the child. The child can be separated from its parents only when this action is in accordance with the child's best interest and if the conditions for such action given by the law are met. The aim of my thesis is to introduce the institute of intervention in parental rights in czech family law and focus on the grounds and conditions for its application. The purpose of my thesis is to look at this institute from a different perspective than everybody else. During my studies I came across many textbooks, articles, papers and lectures concerning this matter. Each one of them focused on the means of state intervention. In the press we see confused interpretations of court's rulings concerning children taken from their families and speculations of state despotism in this matter. I realized that...
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Juridical persons
Frinta, Ondřej ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee) ; Hurdík, Jan (referee)
V prvé části ("pohled institucionální") tedy nejprve podáváme čtenáři stručný popis současného diskurzu o právnické osobě (co do jeho aktérů, řešených otázek i prostor, v nichž se diskurz odehrává). Domníváme se totiž, že nejprve je třeba siuvědomit, z jakého myšlenkového prostředí autor pochází a jak jej toto ovlivňuje. Nijak se netajíme tím, že nás ovlivnil především diskurz český, který se vyznačuje řešením dílčích otázek a pouze malým zájmem o právnickou osobu jako takovou, v její obecnosti (srov. níže). Těžištěm této části práce je pojmové instrumentárium používané v souvislosti s právnickou osobou. Nelze přemýšlet o právnické osobě bez toho, aby si autor nejprve nevyřešil chápání výše uvedených základních pojmů v teoretické rovině. Pouze po takovémto propracování pojmového instrumentária lze přikročit k vyslovení obecných závěrů o institutu právnické osoby, jakož i ke zkoumání de lege lata. Zkoumání právnické osoby z hlediska de lege lata je pak předmětem druhé části práce ("pohled pozitivně-právní"). Nejde ovšem pouze o zkoumání platné právní úpravy, začleňujeme sem pro úplnost také pohled historický. Není jistě překvapením, že v rámci historického ohlédnutí se dostaneme až do kolébky právního myšlení, do starověkého Říma. Považujeme však za důležité vyzdvihnout, že tak nečiníme v rámci jakéhosi...
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Analysis of bad defending in goalscoring opportunities leading to goal during the World Cup 2006
Žipaj, Jaroslav ; Buzek, Mario (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
Název Analýza chybných řešení obranné činnosti při brankových situacích na MS 2006 ve fotbale vNěmecku. Název v Angličtině Analysis ofbad defending in goalscoring opportunities leading to goal during the World Cup 2006 in Germany Cílpráce Odhalit nečastěji se vyskytující chybná řešení v obranné fázi hry při brankových situacích na MS 2006 ve fotbale v Německu. Hledat rezervy ve hře jednotlivce, skupiny, týmu při bránění gólových situací. Metoda V této práci byla použita observační analýza pohybové aktivity technikou nepřímého pozorování herního výkonu špičkových hráčů ve fotbale pomocí příslušných kvantitativních a kvalitativních metod. Výsledky Největší podíl na chybných řešeních defenzivní činnosti při brankových situacích měly obranné činnosti spojené s individuálním herním výkonem. Největší mírou se na nich podílely faktory taktické a technicko-taktické. Klíčové slova fotbal, obranná činnost, chybovost, herní výkon, kvantitativní a kvalitativní analýza.
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Divorce and its consequences on property - a comparison of Czech and German legal regulation
Šaurová, Veronika ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
The topic of the thesis is divorce and its consequences on property - comparison of Czech and German legal regulation. The thesis is divided into four basic chapters, in which there is described the history of divorce, then there is explained the term of divorce itself followed by definition of different matrimonial property regimes in the Czech republic and in Germany. In the end the thesis concerns settlement of property between spouses after the divorce. The thesis profits from both analytical and comparative methods of approach. Each chapter is divided into subchapters for better clarity and easier orientation. The subchapter consists of first explonation of Czech legal regulation, followed by German legal point of view and both of them are compared at the end of each section. The aim of this thesis is to explore similarities and differences between both legal regulations. First chapter deals with the history of divorce. The periods concerned are medieval times, the 18th and 19th Century and the whole 20th Century's development in the end. The second chapter is dedicated to the term divorce itself. First the termination of marriage in general is explained, then the thesis pays attention to a qualified breakdown as the only possible legal reason of divorce. At the end of this same chapter the...
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Problematical legal aspects of determination of parenthood
Vařeková, Adéla ; Frinta, Ondřej (advisor) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
The Abstract The aim of my thesis is to find and describe the problematic aspects of the determination of parenthood. I chose four areas of the determination of parenthood, which can lead to various complications - assisted reproduction, surrogacy, secret childbirths and anonymous births. In the first chapter of the thesis I deal with the legal aspects of the determination of parenthood. I examine mandatory determination of maternity and various assumptions of paternity. With the development of relations in the society and of the reproductive medicine, there emerge possibilities doubting the traditional legal principles of the determination of parenthood. Mother is not always certain anymore and there are five presumptions of paternity in the Czech legal order nowadays, compared to the traditional three. The second chapter is devoted to the issue of assisted reproduction. Assisted reproduction is a modern and rapidly developing area of medicine that allows infertile couples to have their own child. It is a medical specialty that requires a broad legal framework to prevent its abuse. At the end of a successful medical procedure a new life is coming into existence and such area must be regulated. The third chapter, entitled Surrogacy, builds on the previous chapter. Surrogacy is often discussed area of...
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