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Torrente Ballester's novel La saga/fuga de J.B. as a rehabilitation of imaginative prose
Poláková, Dora ; Forbelský, Josef (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
When the novel La saga/fuga de J.B. (The Saga/Fugue of J.B.) came out in 1972, Gonzalo Torrente Ballester (1910-1999) had a long and extensive literary career behind him, but one which was marked by failures and the indifference of readers and critics. This novel, however, caused a sensation and was highlighted as Spain's answer to the Latin American "boom", as a proof that resourcefulness and unfettered imagination have their place in the Old World too… So although this was the author's magnum opus, which has naturally been the subject of a wide variety of studies and analyses, I think it has not been completely exhausted as a theme. In my work I attempt to perceive it not as a unique work of artistic creation by the author but also as the logical outcome of previous writing - it is this perception that I find lacking in the literature available on the novel and its author. For La Saga/fuga de J.B. contains constants in it which appear in a different form in Torrente Ballester's work from 1943, when he made his debut as a novelist with his book Javier Mario.Historia de una conversión/Javier Mario. The story of a conversion. And it also represents not only the result of many years of practical experience in writing novels but also the product of deep theoretical reflection on the genre. Torrente combines in...
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Martí-Emerson: Freedom - the inner voice
Bulková, Barbora ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
Cílem této práce bylo poukázat na shodnost názorů v oblasti tématu svobody spisovatelů Martího a Emersona. Martí se ve svém díle zaměřil především na svobodu národa a Emerson, na svobodu jedince. Skrze porovnání přístupu obou autorů k danému tématu, jsme dospěli k řadě shodných řešení hledání svobody, na něž oba spisovatelé ve svých dílech poukazují, a která vychází ze stejného pojetí člověka a jeho propojenosti s kontinuální JEDNOTOU všeho. Do první části jsme zahrnuli životopisné údaje obou autorů, jejichž znalost nám přiblížila důvody vzniku některých citových vazeb spisovatelů, jejich inklinaci k dané společenské vrstvě či úzké vazby s přírodou. Závěr této části obsahuje stručný popis vlivů, které formovaly tvorbu kubánského spisovatele, mezi něž patří i R.W.Emerson. Pro názornou ilustraci úcty a lásky, jež Martí k Emersonovi choval, jsme se blíže zaměřili na Martího esej "Emerson". Ve druhé části jsme se soustředili na koncepci vlády u obou autorů, vytyčení překážek, které jsou lákadly a často i osudovými chybami jednotlivých vlád, a nastínění oblastí, v jejichž respektování lze najít cestu k vytvoření ideální vlády. Jedná se o minulost jako součást přítomnosti dané země a z ní vyvěrající potřeba přijmout původní, tedy indiánské, obyvatelstvo, jejich kulturu a vědomosti za součást stávající kultury a...
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A reflexion of Lima in the work of Julio Ramón Ribeyro
Torresová, Hana ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
The thesis aims at reflection of Lima in several pieces of literary work by Peruvian writer Julio Ramón Ribeyro: two novels Geniecillos dominicales and Cambio de guardia and chosen stories from his early work. Lima appeared in Peruvian literature even before, but it was Ribeyra who achieved to depict Lima's atmosphere thanks to his using modern techniques, which he acquired by reading European authors. He does not focus only on simple description of the city as the place where the characters meet and influence one another. On the contrary, descriptive scenes are in his work rare. They are mostly written in phrases without active verbs - this technique reminds us of film shots. A reader gets to know the characters according to their acting and expressions as well as according to the places where they move along and habits they keep. For better orientation, the thesis divides Ribeyro's view on Lima into three categories: the first comprises the city itself, with its streets, squares, buildings, means of transport, etc. Ribeyra intended to catch the changes in Lima in 50's, the time of great boom of industry, destruction of the old quarters of the city and construction of the new ones. He shows the nostalgia of the citizens who long for the old face of Lima, cling to old things and detest all the new and...
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Buenos Aires in the view of Martínez Estrada and Borges
Mojžíšová, Štěpánka ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
Buenos Aires represents in the decade of the twentieth and thirtieth years of the twentieth century an aerea where many different factors, brought by the Industrial Revolution, politics and modern progress, are interfusing. The capital city is becoming a megapolis and that's why the character of the suburb, intervening in the argentinian pampa, is changing too. It is becoming rare to see there the original argentinian type called gaucho or compadre, on the contrary, the number of immigrants, especially from Italy, is increasing. The immigration is putting the finishing touches to the social structure but it is also modifying some of the argentinian cultural traits, for example the tango. Two great argentinian essayists, Ezequiel Martínez Estrada and Jorge Luis Borges, answer in their works to these changes. Martínez Estrada adverts with pessimism to the "problems" and "critical" situation and he is afraid of the future evolution of the city and the society which is showing certain elements of degeneration. Borges, on the other hand, is orientating himself on the past creating a microworld of the suburbs of Buenos Aires at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century. The microwolrd is based on his memories, literary work of Evaristo Carriego and largely on fictive ideas. This concept contains all the...
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The Carpentier's vision of the America
Růžková, Lenka ; Fousek, Michal (referee) ; Housková, Anna (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on the concept of Latin American culture in novels and essays by Alejo Carpentier. At the beginning, the transculturation process in America (particularly in the Caribbean) is outlined together with the impact of cultural mixing on the author himself. In the essays, I mainly followed motifs of American specificity, including the concept of time, spatial dimension of a relatively recently discovered continent, social and religious contexts, in which I covered the diversity of ethnic types and their position in society, reflection of music, concept of literature and particularly the question of a Baroque quality, which can be found in Latin American art and permeates entire Latin American reality. Approach to different aspects is integrated in a passage on the concept of "the marvelous real" and in a chapter dedicated to art. I tried to connect Carpentier's theoretical contemplations from the collections of essays Tientos y diferencias (The Groping and Differences) and Razón de ser (The Reason of Being) with the poetics of his prose on the material of the novels The Lost Steps and Praised Be the Lord! (Ecué-Yamba-Ó). In conclusion, I summarized Carpentier's overall vision of America and particularly its confrontation with Europe and pointed out the importance of a distance which is...
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Ramón Gómez de la Serna - a writer modernizing the Spanish novel of the 20th century
Hejsková, Marcela ; Forbelský, Josef (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
The present dissertation is dedicated to the Spanish writer Ramón Gómez de la Serna (1888-1963) and his role in the process of modernization of the Spanish novel of the 20th century. Not only in the Czech literature atmosphere, but until recently also in the Spanish literature, the problems of novel works of this author has not been analysed properly, not even set in the context of social progress and then in summary evaluated. The novels were understood more as the marginal works and very often were put out on the edge of the modern Spanish literature. The main reason why Serna's work wasn't accepted were the realistic postulates applied to the novel production in the context of that time. This work sets the task of displacing the previous negative critics of his novel and point at the fact that Gómez de la Serna is the author who surpasses intentionally the traditional understanding of novels and so that his work makes temporary parallel to the great and deep changes in the West narratology. In the same time, this Spanish novel writer anticipated some of the new narrative methods that we can find in later novel production, in some aspects the Serna's concept of writing novels harmonizes for example with poetics of the French "nouveau roman" of the fifties and sixties of the 20th century. In this work I...
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Space in Valle-Inclán's Sonatas
Mathé, Lukáš ; Fousek, Michal (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
V první kapitole naší práce jsme stručně přiblížili některé teoretické přístupy ke studiu poetiky prostoru v literárním díle. Cílem bylo na základě různých inspirací vytvořit metodu, která by vyhovovala zkoumání prostorové konfigurace čtyř Sonát Ramóna M. del Valle- Inclána. Vedoucí inspirací se stala studie polského teoretika Januzse Sławińskeho. V závislosti na ní jsme se rozhodli zaměřit nejdříve na styl a specifika popisu prostoru. Centrální částí našeho zkoumání se pak mělo stát podrobné studium struktury nejdůležitějších prostorů Pamětí markýze Bradomína, vedoucí k určení významotvornosti prostorové složky pro textový celek a k odhalení jejího vztahu k složkám dalším. V kapitole o popisu jsme shrnuli nejzávažnější rysy a specifika deskripce prostorů v Sonátách. Sledovali jsme metodu francouzského teoretika Philippa Hamona, srovnávajíce jeho závěry ze zkoumání popisu v realisticko-naturalistickém diskursu s podobou popisu v Sonátách. Jako nejvýznamnější charakteristiky deskripce v tomto díle jsme určili vysokou míru vypravěčovy subjektivity při popisu, dynamizující zdobnost podtémat jednotlivých prostorů a používání kulturních klišé, jež vede k aktivnímu zapojení čtenáře do literární komunikace. Popisující odkazuje na kulturně známé vzory takových prostorů, čtenář si má představit příkladný objekt...
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The theatre of Ramón María del Valle-Inclán
Gojda, Petr ; Fousek, Michal (advisor) ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (referee)
This work, The theatre of Ramón del Valle-Inclán, studies the dramatic literature of an author who creates mostly in the first quarter of the twentieth century, i.e. in the period of the first reform of the theatre. During the first chapters we analyse our concept of drama as a literary piece, see it's characteristics and it's evolution in the modern creation. We end up saying that a modern dramatist leaves behind the clasicist model of his art, where the author's opinions and points of view step aside before those of his lively characters. Nevertheless he conserves and maybe even emphasizes the plurality of perspectives that the dramatic genre offers to him. And so even in Valle-Inclán where the plurality inside his dramas unites to the plurality of different dramatic genres in the totality of his dramatic art. The recreation of the traditional genres from farce to tragedy serves well to express the artistic points of view about the contemporary Spanish situation.
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La Hojarasca: fictional world and its persons
Budáč, Radoslav ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Fousek, Michal (referee)
This work deals exclusively with the novel La hojarasca, the first novel by Gabriel García Márquez, one of the most prominent living wri ters. In principle, my work may be subdivided into two basic parts: the first part is dedicated to links between the fictional world of the novel and the real world that surrounded it (Chapter 2 - Gabriel García Márquez and His First Novel and Chapter 3 - Reality and the Fictional World); the second is then focused on the novel itself and on its varied interpretations (Chapter 4 - La hojarasca).
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The individual and the social in the novel La casa grande
Obručová, Lucie ; Fousek, Michal (referee) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor)
The focal point of this dissertation is the novel The Big House (La Casa Grande) by Álvaro Cepeda Samudio (1926 - 1972) a Colombian journalist,novelist, short storywriter, and filmmaker. Owing to the author' s personal literary development the dissertation pays shortly attention to his journalistic activities and further to his short story collection We Were Al! Waiting (Todos estábamos a la espera). In his novel he def1ects the town' s theme which is dominant one in his short stories and his novel emerges from his birthplace and its history. The subject is the historical event of the Ciénaga Massacre of striking journeymen from banana plantations. This is the backdrop to perform an individual drama, the one of a Colombian family whose inner problems ref1ect the whole society and acquire universal dimension. Above all, the analysis of the novel concentrates on the performance stage, individual characters who can be understood as archetypes, and on the time draft which necessitates repeating faults and mistakes. The fragmentary compositon of the novel correlates with the plurality of narrative perspectives and with the polyphonic narrative technique. The novel is to be understood knowing the background to the Colombian political life in the first half of the last century definied as bi-party system in its...
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