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Complicated Case of the Dupuytren's Disease - Retrospective Case Study
Fraňková, Hana ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Bartůňková, Staša (referee)
Název: Komplikovaný případ Dupuytrenovy kontraktury - retrospektivní případová studie Název v angličtině: Complicated case ofthe Dupuytren's disease - retrospective case study Cíl práce: Tato práce je zaměřená na problematiku onemocnění Dupuytrenovy kontraktury. V práci jsou shromážděny informace o podstatě tohoto onemocnění. Stručně vysvětluji biochemický základ, patofyziologii onemocnění a zároveň se snažím vystihnout nejpodstatnější rizikové faktory, které do jisté míry ovlivňují vznik, nebo urychlují progresi onemocnění. Popisuji anatomické struktury, které jsou nejčastěji postiženy a formy této nemoci. Od lokalizace onemocnění se vyvíjí další léčba, a to léčba konzervativní, která není tak úspěšná, a následně léčba chirurgická. Součástí konzervativní i chirurgické léčby je rehabilitační péče, která má zde svoji nezastupitelnou roli. Pro rehabilitační péči je podstatné správné sestavení rehabilitačního plánu pro kvalitní a plnohodnotné navrácení funkce a tím zkvalitnění běžného života pacienta. Posouzeni vhodnosti a zhodnocení léčebné péče bude dalším úkolem této práce a to konkrétně u pana M.M., zvoleného probanda, který je pacientem Ústavu chirurgie ruky ve Vysokém nad Jizerou, a s tímto onemocněním bojuje od roku 1976 do současné doby. Pokud dojde k potvrzení stanovené hypotézy, bude dalším...
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Oral Cacoetheses and Creation of Functional Disorders in Tempomandibular Joint
Hrubá, Kamila ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Název práce: Orální zlozvyky a vznik funkčních poruch v oblasti temporomandibulámího kloubu. Name of physis: Oral cacoetheses and creation of functional disorders in temporomandibular joint. Cíle práce: Zjistit, zda může vlivem častého žvýkání žvýkací gumy docházet k funkčním změnám v oblasti temporomandibulámího kloubu ajeho okolí. Metoda: Diplomová práce je pojata jako pilotní studie, která sleduje vliv nadměrného žvýkání žvýkací gumy na vznik funkčních poruch v oblasti temporomandibulárního kloubu a jeho okolí. Pro tuto práci bylo vybráno 30 probandů (3 skupiny po 1O probandech), přičemž v každé skupině bylo 5 mužů a 5 žen ve věkovém rozmezí 22- 30 let. Byli vybráni na základě vytvořeného dotazníku, a podmínkou bylo, aby byli bez známek jakýchkoliv funkčních či jiných poruch v oblasti TMK a nesměli vykonávat žádné orální zlozvyky. Před zahájením žvýkání bylo u každého probanda provedeno vyšetření rozsahu otevření úst, laterálních pohybů dolní čelisti, palpační vyšetření žvýkacích svalů, a to konkrétně m. temporalis, m. masseter, m. pterygoideus medialis, extraorálně a intraorálně a m. pterygoideus lateralis (dolní část) intraorálně a m. digastricus extraorálně, palpační vyšetření TMK a jazylky a dále vyšetření kloubní vůle TMK, měkkých tkáních v oblasti hlavy a krku. Dále bylo vyšetřováno, zda...
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Hand Injuries and Rehabilitation in Rock Climbing
Hebelková Činčerová, Milada ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Kvítek, Václav (referee)
lnjuries of upper extremity, which are caused by climbing aktivities on the indoor climbing walls or outside on the rocks, are mostly injuries of tendons of the hand, mainly the fingers, due to overload of the hand and the use of different grips. The overuse injuries with resulting inflammation are the most frequent, followed by partial and total ruptures of flexor tendons pulleys. Next there can originate some injuries caused by overload or increased farce as dislocations with articular capsule injuries. The fractures are caused by great forces and they are less frequent compared to tendon and capsular injuries. One of the most common injuries on climber's hand are closed ruptures of finger pulleys. I tried to reach up and map the situation of injuries of climber's hand during rock climbing and create some statistic of these injuries to find out the solution for the shortest recovery, and list out the therapy procedures. Our primary study included ten climbers with the pulley injury. Using the ultrasonography and magnetic resonance we have diagnosed the value of injury and proposed an individua! treatment, conservative or surgical repare of pulley and then with the use of questionnaire analysed the results and the time needed for recovery and the length of break in climbing activities. Key words:...
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Effect of femoropatellar joint morphological changes on the rheological response of the knee joint
Říha, Michal ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Havránek, Antonín (referee) ; Tošnerová, Vlasta (referee)
Title: Effect of femoropatellar joint morphological changes on the rheological response of the knee joint. Aim: The purpose of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of the rheological diagnostics of the effect of the femoropatellar joint morphological changes on total rheological response of a knee joint. The methodolical aim is to evaluate the biorheometry as a sufficient method, sensitive and specific for in vivo measurement of the abnormality, and to compare results of the functional measurement and structural examination. Methods: Standard clinical data of defined group of tested probands were analysed in clinical phase of this study. Specific parameters for measurement of radiological examination were defined. The effect of factual morphological abnormality of the knee joint was identified in experimental phase of this study with the help of biorheometry. The method enables in vivo measurement of the passive momentum (resistance) of a knee joint during forced flexion and extension. The result is expressed as the specific rheological response of the knee joint. Namely, the dependence of the passive momentum M on the angle φ in flexion and extension of the knee is detected. As a result, the total rheological characteristic of the passive resistance of the whole knee-joint system is...
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Changes in motor function and seizure susceptibility after photothrombic ischemic stroke in immature rat
Brima, Tufikameni ; Otáhal, Jakub (advisor) ; Kittnar, Otomar (referee) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee)
i | P a g e ABSTRACT Changes in motor function and seizure susceptibility after photothrombic ischemic stroke in immature rat Perinatal stroke is a common cerebrovascular disorder affecting one in every 4000 births, typically associated with sequelae that include motor and cognitive deficits and long term comorbidities including epilepsy. We sought to determine the effect of perinatal induced stroke on motor function and seizure susceptibility in rats. Photothrombotic model of stroke was used in rat at postnatal day 7. Firstly we induced ischemic lesions of different extends to assess the consequences of stroke on motor function, locomotion and its correlation to morphological changes after stroke. To this end, paradigms sensitive to sensorimotor changes were used; histological changes were also assessed. Secondly, with the use of pure cortical lesions, seizure susceptibility in PTZ elicited models of epileptic seizures was analysed. For seizure occurrence, latency and severity, two different concentrations of PTZ (60 and 100 mg/kg) were administered subcutaneously in two different age groups at P 12 and P 25. In addition, episodes of rhythmic EEG activity were registered at P 25 following successive 20- and 40-mg/kg doses of PTZ administered interperitonealy. Our data depicted two kinds of lesions with...
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Adipose tissue distribution by preschool children- comparative study
Petrů, Dominika ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Adámková, Věra (referee) ; Navrátil, Leoš (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT ADIPOSE TISSUE DISTRIBUTION BY PRESCHOOL CHILDREN- COMAPARATIVE STUDY ABSTRACT Head of the dissertation: Author: Prof. MUDr. Ivan Dylevský, DrSc. Mgr. Dominika Petrů Prague, 2014 Abstract The dissertation provides information about the distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue in preschool-aged /5-6 years, n=141/ and younger school-aged children /8- 9 years, n=137/ in the Ústí region. In this review, we describe and evaluate the child's body with anthropometric parameters, skinfold, bioelectrical impedance analysis and selected sample /n=31/ with ultrasonography. We found an increased distribution of adipose tissue in older file with a concentration in the abdominal area and a higher reliability of skinfold than the BIA, considering the ultrasound examination. Key words: subcutaneous fat, skinfold, bioelectrical impedance analysis, ultrasonography
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Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle
Kalvasová, Eva ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Miroslav (referee)
Autor's first name and surname: Mgr. Eva Kalvasová Title of the doctoral thesis: Anterior talofibulare ligament and its influence on the stability of the ankle. Workplace: Institute of fyziotherapy FTVS UK Supervisor: doc. PaedDr. Dagmar Pavlů, CSc. The yaer of the presentation: 2009A sprained ankle is the most common injuryMost frenkvently spr ABSTRACT: Introduction: The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) lesion is the most frequent injury of the ankle joint. The ATFL protective function is changed during gait and is influenced by the incorrect foot position as well. Objective: The objective is to describe the influence of ATFL on the ankle stability during gait and standing. The polemic discuss the optimal therapeutic treatment of the lateral ankle ligaments injury and the ankle instability. Methods: Thematic analysis Results: The foot segments position and the position of crus affects the function of ATFL. The ligament function is impaired by incorrect position of foot segments. In consequence the ligament cannot protect the ankle joint and the ankle joint instability and potential injury can occur. The optimal therapeutic treatment for ankle instability requires global approach to activate all components participating on postural stability. Conclusion: The ATFL protective function is impaired by...
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Musculoskeletal ultrasound. Possibilities of selected morphological changes evaluation in the lower extremity.
Mezian, Kamál ; Navrátil, Leoš (advisor) ; Dylevský, Ivan (referee) ; Otáhal, Jakub (referee)
1 Abstract The aim is to investigate whether the distal femoral cartilage (DFC), Achilles tendon (AT) and plantar fascia (PF) were different between healthy young women wearing high-heel shoes (HHS) (> 5 cm) and flat shoes (< 1.4 cm). Measurements from aforementioned structures were obtained by using ultrasound. There were 910 measurement parameters analyzed in total. There were 34 women in the HHS group (mean age 31.1±6.4 years; BMI 21.6 ± 2.3 kg/m2 ) and 57 women in the control group (mean age; 29.5 ± 7.3 years; BMI 22.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2 ). Wearing HHS resulted in thickening of the right medial DFC (2.00 ± 0.41 mm) and left AT (4.07 ± 0.48 mm) in women wearing HHS compared to flat shoes (1.96 ± 0.35 mm, 3.76 ± 0.66 mm, respectively). This might be interpreted as secondary to chronic overload. PF thicknesses were similar both within and between group. Our findings have shown significant thickening of the right medial DFC and left AT in women wearing HHS and these changes might be interpreted as secondary to chronic overload. Further follow-up studies are definitely awaited to provide a better insight into understanding the musculoskeletal consequences of this "social" issue ever-existing in ladies lives. The secondary aim of the thesis comprises two case reports: 1. the first is describing the usefulness of MSK...
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Adipose tissue distribution by preschool children- comparative study
Petrů, Dominika ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Adámková, Věra (referee) ; Navrátil, Leoš (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT ADIPOSE TISSUE DISTRIBUTION BY PRESCHOOL CHILDREN- COMAPARATIVE STUDY ABSTRACT Head of the dissertation: Author: Prof. MUDr. Ivan Dylevský, DrSc. Mgr. Dominika Petrů Prague, 2014 Abstract The dissertation provides information about the distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue in preschool-aged /5-6 years, n=141/ and younger school-aged children /8- 9 years, n=137/ in the Ústí region. In this review, we describe and evaluate the child's body with anthropometric parameters, skinfold, bioelectrical impedance analysis and selected sample /n=31/ with ultrasonography. We found an increased distribution of adipose tissue in older file with a concentration in the abdominal area and a higher reliability of skinfold than the BIA, considering the ultrasound examination. Key words: subcutaneous fat, skinfold, bioelectrical impedance analysis, ultrasonography
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Effect of femoropatellar joint morphological changes on the rheological response of the knee joint
Říha, Michal ; Dylevský, Ivan (advisor) ; Havránek, Antonín (referee) ; Tošnerová, Vlasta (referee)
Title: Effect of femoropatellar joint morphological changes on the rheological response of the knee joint. Aim: The purpose of this work is to evaluate the possibilities of the rheological diagnostics of the effect of the femoropatellar joint morphological changes on total rheological response of a knee joint. The methodolical aim is to evaluate the biorheometry as a sufficient method, sensitive and specific for in vivo measurement of the abnormality, and to compare results of the functional measurement and structural examination. Methods: Standard clinical data of defined group of tested probands were analysed in clinical phase of this study. Specific parameters for measurement of radiological examination were defined. The effect of factual morphological abnormality of the knee joint was identified in experimental phase of this study with the help of biorheometry. The method enables in vivo measurement of the passive momentum (resistance) of a knee joint during forced flexion and extension. The result is expressed as the specific rheological response of the knee joint. Namely, the dependence of the passive momentum M on the angle φ in flexion and extension of the knee is detected. As a result, the total rheological characteristic of the passive resistance of the whole knee-joint system is...
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