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The comparison of standards of living of village and city inhabitants in the region of Liberec between 1945 and 1989
Kopecká, Pavlína ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the development of differences in standards of living between years 1945 to 1989 in North Bohemian border region and in city of Liberec and Hejnice. It captures social, economic and political change of the border region after the transfer of the German population, through the start of the communist regime, the invasion of the Soviet army with its allies and normalisation to the Velvet revolution. Based on the comparative method, both cities are first analysed from the perspective of chosen standards of living and then compared. According to gathered information for this thesis, it claims that the standards of living were slightly higher in Liberec than for the inhabitants of Hejnice. The chosen differences were however not that significant.
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Impacts of the Great Depression on the Czechoslovak Industry and Agriculture in the 30s of the 20th century
Suchá, Monika ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is analyse impacts of the Great Depression on Czechoslovak economy. Main attention is devoted to industry and agriculture. This thesis also describes real measures which were introduced in those sectors of Czechoslovak economy. Those measures are also critically evaluated. Unlike the major part of studies, the Great Depression is researched from the perspective of Czechoslovak economists and economic theorists. The Great Depression is described in context of Czechoslovak political spectrum. The main theory of the thesis is statement that Czechoslovak government has chosen correct measures for stabilization the Czechoslovakian economy. Nevertheless I disprove this thesis in the end. Based on comparison with industrial and agricultural production indexes I found that worse impact of crisis was at industry than agriculture.
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Economic and social consequences of emigration from Yugoslavia in the 70s and 80s of 20th century
Hradilová, Petra ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
Master thesis evaluates the causes and the consequences of emigration from the countries of former Yugoslavia in the seventies and eighties. It focuses particularly on labor emigration to the Federal Republic of Germany. The analysis of the causes of emigration can not be done without a deeper understanding of the economical and economic development from a historical perspective. Therefore, the thesis includes the evaluation of post-war economic development, of the economy and of the mood in society in both countries. The aim of my thesis is to determine whether the main reason for the departure of so many Yugoslavians was especially the high unemployment rate. Whether among the first emigrants were people from less developed parts of the country. Another aim of my thesis is to determine the role played by aspects such as regional disparity of the individual federal states, age, education, religion and social status of migrants, in the issue of migration. What influence the emigration had to the following economic and social development of Yugoslavia. The thesis concludes that the main reason for labor emigration from Yugoslavia was high unemployment, and that the first emigrants were not people from backward areas. Work is mainly based on foreign literature, scientific articles and analysis of the Yugoslav statistical yearbooks.
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Role amerického dolaru jako světové měny ve druhé polovině dvacátého století
Pavelec, Boris ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This thesis maps the role of the U.S. dollar as an international currency with a main focus on the second half of the 20th century and the role of dollar in the world economy. The thesis spans from the end of the Second World War to the eve of the last global financial crisis. The thesis documents, how dollar became the leading international currency during the Bretton Woods system era. Although the inner conflicts led to breakup of the system, dollar remained the most important currency. Despite many attempts, a successful reform of the international monetary system never happened since then. In the last 30 years, the uncoordinated U.S. monetary policy led to rapid growth of imbalances in the world economy and consequently to the 2007/08 Financial crisis. The thesis shows that the viable reform can build on the original plan of John M. Keynes, which prepared for the Bretton Woods conference.
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Economic relations of Czechoslovakia and Great Britain in 1960´s
Strnad, Ondřej ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The paper´s objective is to analyze economic relations between Czechoslovakia and Great Britain in 1960´s. The basic thesis of the paper is the assumption that mutual relations were growing during 1960´s. Next assumption of the paper is that evolution of the mutual foreign trade was unique in comparison with the foreign trade with other countries, and that the occupation of Czechoslovakia by the army of the Warsaw Treaty in August 1968 resulted in decline of mutual economic relations. The analysis is based on the survey of the sources from 1960´s, especially from the archive of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. On the basics of the paper´s objectives, the conclusion is that mutual economic relations and foreign trade were growing during 1960´s. However, this improvement was typical for the aggregate czechoslovak foreign trade, therefore the first part of the assumption wasn´t confirmed, as well as the next part about the decline of mutual relations and trade after the occupation.
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The labor market during the transition in the Czech Republic and employment policy
Knobová, Lucie ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Brhelová, Jana (referee)
This paper analyzes development of the labor market and unemployment in transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy system in the Czech Republic. At the beginning this paper, there is an explanation of the terms related to the theme and analysis of the situation on the labor market before 1990. The main part of the paper presents an analysis of the impact of the transition process to the unemployment, by extension, the entire labor market. It also focuses on the effectiveness of the applied state employment policy. The hypothesis, i. e. effective employment policy of the state was not a main cause of the low rate of unemployment in the transition period was confirmed. The main causes of low unemployment were mainly demographic, regional and historical factors. State employment policy had marginal effect on the unemployment rate.
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Nostrification of particular mining and metallurgical companies in interwar Czechoslovakia
Svoboda, Jakub ; Doležalová, Antonie (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The thesis discusses the impact of nostrification action on particular companies mining and metallurgical industries in inter-war Czechoslovakia. The aim of the analysis is to test the hypothesis of nostrification as "clientelist changing of the guard" on the particular case of the three largest mining and metallurgical enterprises in First Republic of Czechoslovakia. First is discussed the state of the mining and metallurgical industry as a whole. Then there is brief discuss about nostrification. Finally, there are particular companies analyzed. Final opinion to the defined hypothesis is discussed, through the answer on a defined set of questions
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Monetary reform 1953 in Czechoslovakia
Sovička, Lukáš ; Dufek, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with the monetary reform in Czechoslovakia in 1953. Aim of this thesis is to analyze the monetary reform and the answer to the question whether the reform has been implemented successfully and achieved all its objectives. The thesis is divided into three thematic chapters. The first part focuses on the economic and social development of Czechoslovakia before the monetary reform, that summarizes the situation of Czechoslovakia after World War II., the Communists revolution and, last but not least, is describing the transformation of the Czechoslovakian economy. The second chapter of the thesis is dedicated to the monetary reform and its causes, process and principles. Among others, here are explained preparations and secrecy of the monetary reform. The last part of the bachelor thesis focuses on the economic, social and political and also international consequences of the monetary reform.
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PROHIBITION IN RUSSIAN COUNTRIES AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Mikláš, Martin ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
In this thesis deals with the issue of prohibition of alcohol. At the beginning of the work are discussed theoretical approaches to the prohibition of alcohol across the major authors of the economic community . Then I deal with the prohibitive measures in several countries. In these two examples, a detailed study of the causes , course and consequences of prohibitive measures are implemented . For example serves two major experiments in this area , is the first of Prohibition in the United States of America (USA) , second prohibition is almost unknown in Tsarist Russia, respectively . in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( USSR). At work I have carried out a detailed study of the causes of prohibition in relation to the U.S. when I consider the prohibition of the years 1920-1933 for determining the direction of the legislative creation of Americans that influences the legislative power to this day. In the case of Prohibition in Russian countries I concentrated course , because unlike Prohibition in the U.S. was an administrative directive measures. In my work, I have proved that prohibitive measures nationwide scope of the pre- reliant to fail if they are not accepted by the general public . Under other circumstances, lead to circumvention of the law and the growth of crime. I am also on the basis of the findings refute the commonly accepted view that the prohibition in the USA in the years 1920-1933 was an absolute failure. The failure was undoubtedly related to the political point of view , however, if one takes into account the health impact on society, according to statistics reported for 1933. Prohibition changed the culture of the society as alcohol consumption , when the company moved from the bars and streets of privacy. Repeal of Prohibition was a logical step in the new circumstances on the 1930s
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Influence of postwar political and social changes on tourism in Bohemian Switzerland
Nádvorníková, Markéta ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the tourism in the Czechoslovak border area after the World War II to the end of the sixties. The area of the Bohemian Switzerland was chosen for the basis of the analysis. The first part includes an outline of the development of the tourism during the 19th and the early 20th century. Afterwards some important changes of the interwar period are examined, followed by impacts of postwar political and social changes. The thesis has confirmed the hypothesis that the development of the region's tourism was much more substantially affected by the expulsion of Germans from the border area than by the subsequent regime change in 1948. Based on available data, the analytical part of the thesis includes a comparison between the interwar and postwar periods from the point of view of the performance and position of the state and non-state organizations for the tourism.
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