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Thermoelectric generator for flue-gas duct of boiler to convert low-temperature waste heat to electricity
Třináctý, Jiří ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Brázdil, Marian (advisor)
With the dwindling supply of fossil fuels is increasing interest in the most efficient use of primary energy sources. In many of today's devices leaving a considerable part of the fuel energy wasted in the form of waste heat. As a partial solution suitable to demonstrate the application of thermoelectric generator, or devices that convert heat energy directly into electrical energy. The trend in recent years shows the growing interest in this technology and the development of new thermoelectric materials. In addition to the use of waste heat thermoelectric generators can be found in a number of other applications, primarily as a source of electricity in conditions where required minimal maintenance, reliability, reliability and durability. Text is divided into three parts: a theoretical part, the part dealing with the design and implementation of the generator, and a final evaluation. The theoretical part includes a description of the basic thermoelectric phenomena, thermoelectric materials and their properties, a description of the main components of thermoelectric generators and applications in which the thermoelectric conversion uses. Part of the design and implementation deals with the design of thermoelectric generator for chimney flue and comparison of the proposal with real measured values.
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Boilers for solid fuel
Hotový, Michal ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The task of this bachelor thesis is write up a research about solid fuel boilers and describe solid fuels. In second part of bachelor thesis I make an experiment. I measure an emission and efficient burning wood and coal.
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Emissions of solid pollutants
Strnad, Ondřej ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with issue and properties of solid particles of anthropogenic origin. It describes the principles and technologies for removing them from the flue gas flow and avoid-ing leakage into the atmosphere. It focuses on types of separators, especially mechanical sepa-rators. The work includes an experimental part involving obtaining data characterizing the cyclone separator.
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Syngas Cleaning with Using Metal Catalysts
Baláš, Marek ; Noskievič, Pavel (referee) ; Kabát, Viktor (referee) ; Skála, Zdeněk (advisor)
Gasification of biomass is a one of the several technologies for energy production from biomass. Biomass is a promising renewable source of energy and is in a centre of attention of energy industry not only in the Czech Republic, but also in the EU and in the world. Gasification is a thermo chemical transformation of fuel with access of understoicheiometric amount of oxidizer which produces gas of low heating value. Its main combustible components are hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane. Produced gas may be further used in power and heating plants. Besides combustible and neutral components, gas also contains pollutants such as sulphur compounds, chlorine compounds, ash and tar. It is tar which is considered to be the underbelly of gasification as it causes, along with ash, fouling in transport tracks and terminal equipment, and blocks direct application of gas. This dissertation thesis presents design of filter for elimination of tar from the gas generated in fluid gasification equipment. This work is closely related to current research at Energy Institute at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Brno University of Technology. First part deals with theoretical background of this issue. Biomass properties are mentioned in relation to gasification. Types of gasification equipment are described and principle of gasification including chemical reactions is given in detail. Special part is dedicated to pollutants in the gas, especially to production of tar and its properties, which is important for consequent work. Main focus is on possibilities of catalytic cleaning of gas from tar. Principle of tar decomposition is described and types and properties of catalysts are given. Part of the thesis tackles the issue of real operations and loss of efficiency of catalyst due to sulphur compounds, sintering and carbon fouling. Based on experience and analysis in the first part of the thesis, concept of elimination of tar from gas was laid out. In addition to that, method for measurement at Biofluid 100 experimental unit was outlined and filter for testing of industrial catalysts using metal was designed. Series of experiments were further conducted in order to find out efficiency of three opted catalysts for tar decomposition. Results of these experiments are described in detail and assessed in the conclusion of this thesis which also contains outline for economic assessment of method of gas cleaning using catalysts.
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Fireplace for heating
Kalousek, Lukáš ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
The main topic of thesis is a measurement realized on the fireplace-insert. Thesis is consists of three parts. First part is focused on wood combustion and overview of fireplace-inserts construction. Second part contains the description of fireplace-insert Bety and accomplished construction changes. Third and main part is consists from measurements, calculations and finally assessments of measurement´s configurations.
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Biomass utilization for cogeneration small power
Neminář, Štěpán ; Škorpík, Jiří (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The subject of this thesis is the utilization of biomass for cogeneration units of small power (to 500 kWe). Within the first paragraphs the thesis focuses on technologies which produce more valuable fuels than the solid biomass. This chapter also describes the most recent processes of waste biomass usage. The following section summarizes gaseous and liquid products of this procedure and their feasible use in co-generation. In the last part of this thesis author describes a CHP devices which are used in small electric power production and assesses their advantages and disadvantages. Consequently, some options of their practical usage are highlighted. As a conclusion, these devices are compared and their possible future application is illustrated.
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Development of camp stoves
Strmiska, Pavel ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
Many self-designed solid fuel stoves are used for the purpose of cooking during summer camps. These stoves are often build only using personal experience without any kind of mathematical basis. This thesis analyzes such a stove from the perspective of combustion characteristics, heat exchange and pressure drop. It also discusses possible ways to optimize such a stove. Thesis also includes a short summary of few different biomass cookstoves.
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Measurement of thermoelectric modules
Martynek, Filip ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Brázdil, Marian (advisor)
This thesis describes principles of thermoelectric change, crucial parameters of thermoelectric modules and issues of its measurements. Theoretical part of this research is aimed on describing thermoelectrical phenomena, composition of thermoelectric pair and modules, naming searched parameters and issues that occurred during its measurements. Further in detail describes chosen testing approaches. In the end these methods are concluded and compared. Practical part contains description of testing device and experimental measurement of thermoelectric module.
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Automatic pellets boilers
Bureš, David ; Brázdil, Marian (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first one deals with the research study about pellets used as a fuel, and about automatic pellet boilers. The second part describes experimental measurements on the boiler Verner A251.1, followed by calculation of the efficiency and a comparison of emission, using wood pellets of different diameters.
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Comparison of methods of determination of LHV and HHV
Jahn, Jiří ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the comparison of the accuracy of the determine of the higher heating value and lower heating value using the equations. The calculation is based on the contents of samples in the fuel, ie from the data obtained by ultimate analysis. Higher heating value and lower heating value of each fuel type was obtained by calorimeter measurement and considered to be the exact value of the fuel. The output of the work is the evaluation of suitability and accuracy of the examined equations and introduction equations appropriate for biomass.
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