|
|
Influence of diclofenac on naproxene phytoextraction.
Urbánková, Kristýna ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Břichnáčová Habartová, Věra (referee)
The presence of organic compounds from commonly used pharmaceuticals in surface waters is considered to be pseudo-persistent contamination with possible negative biological effects. One of the methods for limited entering of these compounds into ecosystem is using biotechnological processes for secondary treatment of sewage treatment plants effluent. Phytoextraction of naproxene and diclofenac was observed in plants like sunflower, maize and rape using in vitro experiments under different conditions monocomponent and dicomponent artificial pollution. In the experiments with individual substances the ability of phytoextraction was found in all cases. Contrary to results with maize, sunflower has different phytoextraction ability for naproxene and diclofenac (80 % vs. 34 % of extracted naproxene and diclofenac after 24 hours of experiment) and amounts of extracted material are dependent on used cultivar. In case of rape the difference between both tested substances is not so big (5 % of naproxene vs. 33 % of diclofenac). Generally naproxene is phytoextracted more easily from the medium, whereas the presence of diclofenac decreased uptake of naproxene in all tested cultivars.
|
|
|
Use of Fenton Reaction for Drug Degradation in the Ecosystem
Tomešová, Lenka ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Břichnáčová Habartová, Věra (referee)
The elimination of unwanted substances from the ecosystem can be accomplished by advanced oxidation processes (AOP). AOPs are used preferably in treatment of wastewater. One of the AOP's methods is Fenton's reaction. The degradation of drug residues by this reaction was the aim the project. The experiments were focused on finding possible degradation products, which could be much more hazardous than parent compounds. The study was primarily concerned with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (acetaminophen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and salicylic acid) and antiepileptic carbamazepine. The complete decomposition of tested compounds was not observed by using HPLC and MS analysis. The products of decomposition were found in reaction mixture, in case of diclofenac dechloration of aromatic ring occurred. In cases of most compounds with exception of acetoaminophen and salicylic acid the reaction led to the formation of more polar products than parent compounds. The results imply that even more advanced oxidation processes do not cause complete destruction of organic compounds. Key words: Fentons reaction, drug residues, acetaminophen, diclofenac, ibuprofen, carbamazepine, naproxen, salicylic acid.
|
|
|
Phytoextraction of Artificial Sweeteners from Aqueous Solutions
Luptáková, Dominika ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Břichnáčová Habartová, Věra (referee)
The artificial sweeteners are currently worldwide used as food additives. In human organism they are only partially metabolized and then renally excreted. The big amounts of these abiogenic compounds contaminate municipal wastewaters. The efficiency of cleaning process in the sewage treatment plants (STP) is usually for cyclamate about 99 % and saccharine cca. 90 %. Acesulfame K is in STP practically not eliminated. Although most of artificial sweeteners are considered as good degradable, the residues were found in both surface waters and groundwaters. At long-term treatment can these compounds exhibited biological effect such as cancer genesis, gastrointestinal effects and/or surprisingly body mass increasing. The phytoextraction of saccharine and acesulfame K was experimentally studied by using of "in vitro" cultivated plants Helianthus annuus, Zea mays, and Brassica napus. The phytoextraction was monitored as decrease in medium concentration of tested substance in Murashige-Skoog cultivation medium. It was shown, that used species are able to extract tested substances and during 5 to 7 days 30 - 60 % of acesulfam K and 50 - 60 % of saccharine amounts disappear from cultivation medium depending of used plant species. The best extraction ability was observed at Helianthus annuus cultivars - 0.1...
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
In vitro phytoextraction of non-steroidal antirheumatics
Houdková, Barbora ; Břichnáčová Habartová, Věra (referee) ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor)
The most important question in the environmental research is presently the occurrence of the residues of pharmaceutical substances in ecosystem. These residues of drugs and their metabolites are entering our ecosystem by sewage water and lot of them are considered to be endocrine disruptors. The rhizofiltration is a possible method for the removal of this contamination. This work has researched the posibility of the phytoextraction of massively used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) like diclofenac, naproxen and ibuprofen by Helianthus annus, Zea mays and Pisum sativum plants.The course of the phytoextraction of these substance in in vitro sterile model was compared to the extraction of their mixtures and we proved the reciprocal influence of these substance to the root systém. The presence of diclofenac or ibuprofen in Helianthus annuus plants increased the extraction of naproxen from the cultivation medium, whereas ibuprofen and diclofenac mutually decreased the phytoextraction efficiency. The experiments with Zea mays showed inhibitive trends whereas the experiments with Pisum sativum showed no influence in extraction of the mixture in comparison to the trials with only one substance. The mutual influence of the extraction efficiency of the solution with more substance is probably...
|
|
| |
guest ::
