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The role of the Social worker in work with transgender community
BÍLKOVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with transgender life before and after coming out. It deals especially with gender transformation from Real life test, till surgery intervention. In this thesis you can discove life stages, social work and also where social workers can meet transgender persons. And if social worker has or should have some role in gender transformation. In the research section, is interview with person who experienced this transformation. This person answered my questions about life, and multidisciplinary team. I asked If care for transgender person is sufficient. Or if social worker should join in this team. And how social worker can help.
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The Child Soldiers in International Law
Kollerová, Alexandra ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Bayerová, Monika (referee)
Children's rights and protection principles are today's current issue which is becoming increasing public interest. The rigorous thesis, as is already clear from its title, deals with children's rights in international documents. As a goal of the thesis is the analyse of the children status and its protection in areas which are problematic and need a deeper investigation. Specific areas are divided into individual systematic chapters which are interlinked. The special emphasis is put on child soldiers in the world and individual international instruments which are providing the protection of them. The rigorous thesis deals with the relation between international humanitarian law, international conventions and depending on children's rights. The thesis is divided into eight chapters and those are divided into several subsections. The first part of the thesis deals with children participation during the armed conflicts and then who is the children solieders. An important point to be discussed at the beginning of the work is the division of the armed conflict on the international and internal armed conflict. The thesis continues by the analyse of particular international documents dealing with the position of the child and the protection of the children in this documents. The work also deals with the...
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Tokyo Tribunal and Its Contribution to International Criminal Law
Kasáš, Alex ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
The Tokyo Tribunal and Its Contribution to International Criminal Law Abstract The aims of my thesis are to analyze whether the principle of legality (nullum crimen sine lege, nulla poena sine lege) has been breached by The Tokyo Tribunal and to evaluate the Tribunal's contribution to the field of international criminal law. The work is divided into five chapters. First two, The Charter and The Indictment outline the establishment and jurisdiction of the Tribunal, the rules of proceedings, counts of the indictment and the accused. The remaining three chapters are a compilation of legal argumentation with a focus on the arguments concerning the principle of legality: Crimes under International Law before the Post-War Tribunals summarizes the opinions of international commissions, The Judgement the opinions of majority judges and The Minority Opinions the opinions of minority judges. In the Conclusion, I argue that while the principle of legality was breached, the adherence to it is a matter of choice between the doctrine of strict liability and that of substantive justice and I identify the affirmation of The Nuremberg Principles, the notion of conspiracy to commit aggression as a separate crime and extending the scope of the command responsibility doctrine as the Tribunal's contribution to international...
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International Terrorism and Challenges for International Law
Kobulská, Natália ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
English abstract International Terrorism and Challenges for International Law Rigorosum thesis is focused on the understanding of essential problems of interna- tional terrorism in context of international law. Main challenges include the adoption of universal definition of terrorism, the settlement of the legal status of terrorists and their rights and obligations mainly in relation to human rights. It is important to clarify the responsibility of the State for terrorism (State terrorism and attribution of his actions), in relation to the population, captured terrorists, and non-state actors. The latter pose several problems in reaction to terrorist crimes, such as the legality of the use of force against them including the right of self-defence or the use of drones for targeted killing. It is contentious whether it is possible to place terrorism under existing categories of in- ternational law or it constitutes a separate act which is necessary to regulate apart from valid international rules. Keywords: terrorism, human rights, targeted killing, right to self-defence, use of force, State responsibility, non-state actor, 9/11 terrorist attacks
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Legality of the intervention during Libyan Civil War
Hambálek, Jiří ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Faix, Martin (referee)
LEGALITY OF THE INTERVENTION DURING LIBYAN CIVIL WAR Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to answer the questuion, if the NATO intervention in Libya during Libyan civil war in 2011 was in accordance with the international law. To achieve this purpose, the paper is divided into three parts. The first one, represented by chapters 1-5, describes self-defence and armed actions of the Security Council under the chap. VII of the UN Charter, which are legal and quite controversial concept of the humanitarian intervention and R2P concept. The role of regional arrangements in peacekeeping is also mentioned. The second part, represented by chap. 6, contains a case study whose object is the Libyan civil war in 2011 between col. Gaddafi's forces and the rebels supported by the NATO. The chapter 6 contains a detailed summary of various demonstrations, battles and campaigns, including the operation Unified Protector. The third part, chap. 7, is pointed on the question of legality of the NATO intervention. Albeit authorisation by the Resolution 1973, the legality of the intervention is questionable. The first air strikes, of 19 March, aimed on Libyan armed forces attacking Benghazi, can be classified as protection of civilians mentioned by the Resolution 1973. Following NATO air strikes supported the rebels in a...
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Legal status of prisoners of war
Zástěrová, Anna ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
1 Abstract Legal Status of Prisoners of War The thesis "Legal Status of Prisoners of War" deals with the issue of war captivity in the context of international humanitarian law (also referred to as "IHL"), or more precisely in the context of the Law of Geneva. In the field of war captivity, both IHL legislation and a number of other international legal branches (e.g. general international law, international criminal law, or international human rights law) are confronted. The thesis pursues two objectives: descriptive and analytical. The descriptive aim is to give a comprehensive overview of the development of the legal regime of war captivity and to familiarize readers with the legal regime of war captivity and the treatment of prisoners of war (also referred to as "POW"), according to the valid sources of international humanitarian law. The analytical aim of the thesis is to find the answer to the research question, who is the combatant, or more precisely who is entitled to the POW status after falling into the enemy's power? The thesis consists of the introduction, which are divided into three parts, and the conclusion. The introduction presents the theme of the thesis, pursued objectives including the research question and outlines the structure of the text itself. The first part of the thesis introduces...
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Immunities of State Officials from foreign Criminal Jurisdiction
Kosík, Jiří ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
This Thesis deals with the Immunities of State officials, which arise under International law, from foreign criminal jurisdiction. The first goal of this thesis is to determine whether, and if so, under which conditions and in which cases can one sovereign State exercise its criminal jurisdiction over an official of another sovereign State. The second goal, closely attached to the first finding, is to determine whether, and if so, under which conditions and in which cases would such officials be protected and covered by the immunity and in which cases such immunity applies. The main task of this thesis is to analyse the current state of the application of immunities of State officials within the foreign criminal jurisdiction. These immunities are with regard to their different purpose and functions recognized in two diverse types - immunity ratione personae and immunity ratione materiae. The first chapter put emphasis on the criminal jurisdiction of foreign State in general and on its extraterritorial forms in particular. The exercise of such jurisdiction in some cases enables to prosecute and punish an official of a foreign State, who happens to be a criminal. The second chapter focuses on the concept of individual criminal responsibility and possible punishment of the criminal. The third chapter...
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Prohibited means and methods of armed conflicts
Mach, Rostislav ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Prohibited means and methods of armed conflicts The goal of this diploma thesis is to analyse more frequent use of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV) in armed conflicts under the international humanitarian law. Although the idea to use UAV is not new, there has been a boom of their deployment in last two decades. Technological progress, the transformation of the nature of armed conflicts and the idea of the war on terror are the main reasons why UAVs have become an indispensable tool in war equipment of all the main world's armies. But just like every new technology, also UAVs raise questions about their legality. Therefore, this work aims to assess whether UAVs may represent prohibited mean of warfare or whether their usage is not in contrary to international humanitarian law. The main text of this diploma thesis consists of five main thematic blocks. The first chapter represents an excursion into the history and development of international humanitarian law. It outlines its division into two branches, the Geneva and Haague law. In addition the first part also defines its position within public international law and its interaction with international law of human rights. The second part consists of definitions of basic terms which the norms of international humanitarian law operate with. The first of them...
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The future of the Responsibility to Protect after experience in Libya and Syria
Komm, Tomáš ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the future of the concept of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and focuses on prospects of the concept after the conflicts in Libya and Syria. Concept of R2P was developed in 2001 as a reaction to the genocide in Rwanda and Srebrenica and attempts to bring an answer to the question, how to react in the situation when a sovereign state fails to protect its population against crimes under international law. In this thesis I examine the application of the concept in Libya and reasons why it was not applied to a similar situation in Syria. I also deal with the subsequent debate which was held on the international stage after experience with these conflicts and I analyse proposals, which were brought into this debate focusing on how to move the concept forward or modify it. I therefore examine the Brazilian concept of the Responsibility while Protecting (RwP), the question of adoption of guidelines for the intervention according to the R2P, the topic of monitoring and accountability of the intervening state, the Responsibility not to veto and the issue of limiting the use of veto in UN Security Council, the possibility of involvement of UN General Assembly in the R2P, the question of prevention and the topic of unilateral non-forcible measures. The unilateral non- forcible measures,...
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