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The changing Sweden's regional pattern and its context
Klíma, David ; Tomeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
Regional disparities and spatial inequality are typical topics studied by geography. Sweden is one of the most homogeneous and egalitarian countries in the world. Simultaneously, it is characteristic for its very low regional disparities and thus it is an important and interesting subject for studying. The main goal of this thesis is to examine changes in a regional pattern from the beginning of the 1990s and to analyse an impact of structural changes (deindustrialization and tertiarization) and globalization (through activities of transnational corporations) on regional disparities. In the thesis socioeconomic and demographic indicators and quantitative statistics are used to analyse a development of regional disparities in Sweden and to examine a broader context of this development. The main finding of the thesis is a disproportional growth of metropolitan regions (mainly Stockholm). Share of metropolitan regions on population and socioeconomic activities is increasing and it is characterized by dynamic development which is intensified by high specialisation, major valued-adding activities, knowledge-based economy and localisation of transnational corporations. Regional variability is slowly increasing and disproportional growth of metropolitan regions contributes to this development. Thus the...
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Estimates of parameters based on rounded data
Dortová, Zuzana ; Anděl, Jiří (advisor) ; Hušková, Marie (referee)
This work disusses estimates based on rounded data. The work describes the estimates of parameters in time series AR and MA and in linear regression, the work presents different kinds of estimates based on rounded data. The work focuses on time series model AR(1) and linear regression, where simulations are added to theories and methods are compared on rounded and unrounded data. In adition, the comparison of linear regression is shown at graphs. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Testing exponentiality
Dvoranová, Romana ; Anděl, Jiří (advisor) ; Hušková, Marie (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on detailed review of a selection of tests for exponentiality and their comparison. This text presents classical methods for goodness-of-fit testing for exponentiality, as well as the most recent tests for exponentiality published in the last decades. Based on the characterisation of exponential distribution that is being used, the review includes $\chi^2$ goodness-of-fit tests, tests based on empirical distribution function using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramér-von Misés test statistics, as well as tests based on integral transforms, entropy, mean residual life function, Gini index and others. In particular, this bachelor thesis focuses on tests for exponentiality based on entropy characterisation, e.g. using Shannon, Rényi or cumulative residual entropy. Finally, this thesis includes simulation study comparing power of several more recent tests for exponentiality that have been theoretically described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Regions through time and space: Problem of regionalization
Semian, Michal ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee) ; Daněk, Petr (referee)
The thesis is rooted in the new regional geography paradigm that gained strength in geographical thought since the 1980s. This approach is characterized by emphasizing the socially constructed nature of regions; thus, regions are scrutinized as a historically contingent process. A region is formed, reproduced and eventually disappears in time. The thesis works with the assumption that a plurality of regions, that exists in changing time- space contexts of different mechanisms and meanings, can be experienced de facto in any particular area. In simpler terms, it can be understood as a plurality of regional images produced on the one side by regional actors to fulfil their particular goals and on the other regional images produced by inhabitants in and outside the region in order to understand the outside world and position themselves within it. Motivation for the production of images can vary, from a simple manifestation of one position in the regional system, through the attempt to attract attention towards the region to exploitation of the regional potential in order to fulfil particular power-oriented aims. The general idea of a region can be sought throughout the synthesis of the many regional images that can be understood as somewhat layers of a region. The thesis contributes to the discussion...
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Effects of the Arab Spring on the Change of Security, Migration and Economic Policy of Selected Countries of the Mediterranean
Výborná, Veronika ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
The submit diploma thesis is based on the liberal-idealistic international relations research. It attempts to analyze the relationship of selected countries of the North (Europe) and the South (North African) Mediterranean in the context of the Arab Spring. Specifically, it focuses on three different policy where using selected indicators will be examined the relationships. These are policy of security and defense, migration and economic cooperation. The work is based on the idea that mutual peace cooperation, institution building and prosperity leads to the development and stability of the whole region. This approach has been applied in the Mediterranean region since the decolonization of Africa and mutual cooperation, mainly in the economic trade, can be resisted since antiquity. Arab spring which caused destabilization and in some cases of overthrew government had relations disrupt in the Mediterranean region. The mean goal is tracking of potential changes in the relationship between the countries of France, Italy, Spain (as the European Mediterranean countries) and Tunisia, Egypt and Libya (such as the North African Mediterranean countries where there was the political changes in 2011). Currently, not only North African Mediterranean countries, but the entire Middle East is seen as a potential...
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Estimates of parameters based on rounded data
Dortová, Zuzana ; Anděl, Jiří (advisor) ; Zvára, Karel (referee)
This work discusses estimates based on rounded data. The work describes the estimates of parameters in time series AR and MA and in linear regression, the work presents different kinds of estimates based on rounded data. The work focuses on time series model AR(1) and linear regression, where simulations are added to theories and methods are compared on rounded and unrounded data. In addition, the comparison of linear regression is shown on the exemple of graph data. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Socio-spatial structure of the town Most
Syrovátková, Veronika ; Matoušek, Roman (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to analyze social-spatial structure of the town Most from the point of view of human ecology. The period under consideration is from 1991 to 2011. There is attempt to define local typology of the city, i.e. areas with similarities in the socioeconomic characteristic, its changes and also describe a transformation processes behind it. Trends in spatial differentiation of people are analyzed according to factor ecology. It means that there are used methods of multidimensional statistics like factor analysis and cluster analysis, because of defining the type and strength of certain factors which are specific to the urban areas.
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Multivariate ANOVA as a tool for the analysis of financial and economical data
Hájková, Anna ; Zichová, Jitka (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to the analysis of variance with an application to real data, which is used to the comparison of means of several random samples. The aim of this thesis is to inform about multidimensional ANOVA. The teoretical part contains a description of two approaches, namely LR test and UI test. These tests are described in detail and then applied to three hypothesis. For the better understanding, the methods, studied in the theoretical part, are applied to a dataset of clients of an insurance company. The program Mathematica 9.0 was chosen as an appropriate software tool for the analysis of data.
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Optimality of sample variance
Gleta, Filip ; Kulich, Michal (advisor) ; Anděl, Jiří (referee)
It is widely known that the most common estimators of the variance and the standard deviation based on i.i.d. data are not optimal with respect to the mean squared error. The aim of this thesis is to study and summarize the various approaches to seeking an improved estimator, which stem mainly from the innovative ideas presented by Stein (1964). Taken into consideration is the point estimator of the variance and the standard deviation. Each of the improved estimators include, in addition to their construction, a discussion regarding admissibility with respect to the MSE. Subsequently, using simple simulations for various distributions, it is examined whether obtained improvements lead to better results in practice. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Sensitivity of the chi-squared goodness-of-fit tests to the choice of classes
Kubelka, Vít ; Anděl, Jiří (advisor) ; Antoch, Jaromír (referee)
The chi-squared goodness-of-fit test depends on the choice of classes. It is the purpose of this thesis to investigate differences between p-values depending on the choice of classes in the case of Poisson distribution. Samples from Poisson distribution of various sizes are simulated. For all choices of classes which satisfy condition of minimal theoretical frequency p-value is calculated. The simulations are made for various minimal theoretical frequencies. The unknown parameter is estimated both by modified method of minimum chi-squared and by sample mean. The simulations show that the condition of minimal theoretical frequency of classes is not sufficient and the tests are unreliable. Therefore the rule of almost equal theoretical frequencies in all classes is added and in the further simulation a substantial improvement of the test is shown when this condition is satisfied. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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