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Extension and verification of the prediction model of human facial development
Šefčíková, Alexandra ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the extension and validation of an already existing prediction model of human facial development. Within the main aims I also focused on comparing the new predictor with the original one and creating growth trajectories for boys, and girls. For the implementation longitudinal data from a database of 3D facial scans belonging to the 3D Imaging and Analytical Methods Laboratory in the Department of Human Anthropology and Genetics at Prf UK were used. We evaluated 693 3D facial scans of children of the Czech population in the age ranges 3-5 years, 7-12 years and 12-15 years, where we enriched these time series with new individuals and a total number consisted of 73 boys and 87 girls. Face scanning was performed once or twice a year using Vectra and 3dMd 3D optical scanners. For the follow-up analysis we used geometric morphometry methods (CPD-DCA, PCA...) which helped us to unify the created individual 3D models of faces and to calculate the mean prediction error, which is visualized by coloured maps. The resulting mean prediction error between predicted and real face was obtained by linear modelling of the data for children aged 3 to 5 years, 7 to 12 years, and 12 to 15 years. In the youngest group of children, the smallest mean prediction error was achieved by boys at the age of...
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Relationship between testosterone and man facial morphology
Šefčíková, Alexandra ; Třebický, Vít (advisor) ; Pokorný, Šimon (referee)
Sex hormones influence the overall development of the individual, its development of the metabolic processes, and the distribution of the adipose and muscle tissue, the anatomy of the skeleton, the features of the face and the general appearance of the feminine and masculine phenotype. The morphological differences between men and women can be observed and studied already at the very young age. It is estimated that these differences relate to the distinct levels of the prenatal sex hormones. The occurring changes on face are continuously increasing during the period of adolescence yet, the peak of their development is spotted at puberty. In men's case, the level of testosterone is high enough to boost the growth of the secondary sex differences and the masculine features. In comparison with women, the face of men becomes more robust where the prominence of the supraciliary arch, nose and jowl is extended. The sex dimorphism of the face is one of the most significant signs of the intrasexual and intersexual selection. Key words: Morphology, face, sexual dimorphism, hormones, testosterone
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