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The fortification and settlement of the Bohemian oppida: The contribution of modern non-destructive methods
Křivánek, Roman ; Kuna, Martin (advisor) ; Venclová, Natalie (referee) ; Čižmár, Miloš (referee)
The fortification and settlement of the Bohemian oppida. The contribution of modern non-destructive methods. Celtic oppida represent a special type of extensive hillfort that were founded and intensively settled in the late La Tène period. These distinctive sites in Bohemian archaeology were investigated mainly between the 1950s and 1980s by means of long-term, intensive archaeological excavations. The subsequent processing of additional information from these investigations still requires more time and intensive work by archaeologists. But in terms of the areas of the oppida, only a small fraction of the total (1- 3%) has been subjected to detailed excavation up to now. The remaining varied terrain of the oppida commonly extending up to several dozen hectares is without any archaeological verification or information. The application of modern, less expensive, non-destructive methods mainly during the last decade offers further opportunities for the systematic survey and research of larger unexcavated areas of Czech oppida. For the purposes of this dissertation, a variety of results from non-destructive methods from five oppida in Central and South Bohemia were used: Hrazany, Nevězice, Stradonice, Třísov and Závist. The primary methodology for the new study of oppida was based on geophysical...
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The Oppidum of České Lhotice and its hinterland
Danielisová, Alžběta ; Venclová, Natalie (advisor) ; Macháček, Jiří (referee) ; Čižmár, Miloš (referee)
The aim of the work is to attempt a new approach towards ones of the phenomena of the prehistoric archaeology: the late La Tne forified agglomerations - the oppida. Their economical potential was formerly tested only on the industrial or commerce base but not from the ecological point of view. Their agricultural potential has been challenged in many publications both for specific locations, that were not directly in the primary agricultural settlement zone (the fertile lowlands), and for the material collection which usually lacks the tools used for ploughing. However, the urban structure of the sites reveals the evidence of the traditional agricultural household units and together with the evidence of breeding the livestock the subsistence requirements should presuppose at least minimal human factor dedicated to agricultural work. Also the potential of the landscape possibly allows for cultivating of crops in the vicinity of sites. This work is aimed to analyze the agricultural potential of the oppida and by archaeological modelling to test both the hypotheses concerning the oppida subsistence strategies: if they were independent producers of their own foodstuff or if they were dependent on the supplying from their sites in their subordinate hinterland. The main object for this analysis is one particular...
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