|
|
Tuberculosis - history and present state in the region Central Bohemia
Jedličková, Kateřina ; Šmejkalová, Hana (advisor) ; Čelko, Alexander (referee)
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease spread all over the world. It belongs to specific inflammatory diseases and is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium was discovered in the year 1882 by Robert Koch. For his discovery he received a Nobel Prize in the year 1905 in category of Physiology and Medicine. In honour of this discovery "International Day of TB" was set for 24th March every year. This disease has had a long history and has been recently very much in the picture again, a fact which needs a continuous attention. Writing a good case report important to diagnose TB, an epidemiologic report, bacteriologic proof of the specific bacterium, other laboratory test and investigations. Since the year 1944 when Streptomycin was discovered, targeted anti- tuberculosis treatment of TB has been currently available. Today the treatment regime consists of combination of anti/mycobacterium medicines. Other important factors are prevention, regular check/ups and registration of patients. Precautions about this disease in professional and public circles plays a huge role in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease as well as a low mortality. In spite of all these facts and the progress in diagnosis and treatment of TB, TB remains a world/wide problem even in our 21st century.
|
|
| |
|
|
Staff's activities of Hygiene station Sokolov in the prevention HIV/AIDS in 1987 - 2008
Prokopová, Martina ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor)
This bachelor's degree work focussed on "Staff's activities of Hygiene station Sokolov in the prevention HIV/AIDS in 1987 - 2008" is rating the effectivity of the HIV/AIDS consulting clinic, which is progress since 1987 and the "Regional program for primary precaution of HIV/AIDS and other diseases caused by sex in the region Sokolov and also activities in the region Cheb", which is in progress since 1995. It also reflects our trying to influence not only the acting of some high-risk groups of the population in our region, especially people who are offering sex for money, members of the gay community and peple addicted to drugs. It also tries to influence the young people in this region by teaching them more about spreading HIV/AIDS and other diseases that are being spreaded by sex if we talk about the social composition of the population, however we came off with a succes of maping a part of street prostitution and manage a regular doctor care for some of the prostitutes, including healing of diseases and regular revisions in the dermatovenelogic counter. Through targeted doctor care and information about the diseases we achieved, that the prostitues are informed about the risks of venereal diseases, including HIV/AIDS. In the territory of other high-risk groups in our population we achieved a cooperation...
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Current interventional approach to coronary artery disease
Klinčeva, Milka ; Widimský, Petr (advisor) ; Čelko, Alexander (referee) ; Hradec, Jaromír (referee)
Coronary artery disease is the main cause of death in both genders worldwide. Many preclinical and clinical studies present the concept of modifiable and non modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. The basic management of the coronary artery disease is medical, but the prognosis in many patients can be improved by potentially invasive procedures, such as the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The cardiovascular risk scores may help cardiologists and cardiac surgeons alike to individualize the risk profile of patients in order to better define the revascularization strategy and to appropriately counsel the patient, in same time reducing the morbidity and mortality. The first part of the thesis evaluates the validity of both forms of the most used cardiovascular tool in the present day, the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE). The second part of the thesis concentrates on the prevalence of stress-induced myocardial stunning (Tako-Tsubo syndrome) among patients undergoing urgent coronary angiography for suspected acute myocardial infarction. The third part of the thesis obtains a realistic contemporary picture of how patients with STelevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are treated in different European countries.
|
|
|
Risk factors for malignant neoplasms of skin and prevention options
Rosina, Jozef ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor) ; Kolářová, Hana (referee) ; Dohnal, Karel (referee) ; Navrátil, Leoš (referee)
Skin tumors are the most common types of tumors in humans. Their incidence is steadily increasing. Increases and mortality, especially in malignant melanoma. Risk factors playing an important role in the development of skin cancer, solar radiation belong. UV spectrum of sunlight is the most important cause of skin cancer. Therefore, the degradation of the ozone layer and the associated increased levels of UV radiation reaching the world so much studied. Among other known risk factors belong phenotype of human acute intermittent sunburn, especially in children and adolescents, increased tendency to form freckles skin after exposure to sunlight and the presence of pigmented nevi. Some people may find a genetic basis. The risk of malignant melanoma is also rising in people who have a history had already been diagnosed with this disease. Significant for the possibility of skin malignancy is immunosuppression. The work is focused on statistical analysis of most of the above mentioned risk factors.
|
|
|
Sexually transmitted diseases. Comparison between Portugal and Czech Republic
Costa, Joana Isabel Maia Azevedo ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) constitute a worldwide problem as they are associated with great morbidity and mortality. The most common diseases are Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, HIV, Chlamydia, Trichomoniasis. The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases is higher in Portugal than in Czech Republic, being the former one of the poorest controlled countries in Europe, and the latter, one of the best rates in the European Union. Many factors contribute to the big difference between the two countries, being the most important prevention and control. The poor notification by the medical staff, the still not enough effort done by education, prevention and awareness, and information, and their erroneous association with marginal groups, makes Portugal stand in the first rank of countries in Europe. On the other hand, in the Czech Republic, sexual education is more effective and more appropriate, and the tolerance towards sexual relationships is more accepted by communities. People are more aware of the problem and take measures to fight against it, and medical staff is also more preoccupied and attentive to this type of diseases, therefore effective in their notification. Many preventive measures should be adopted to counteract the incidence of these diseases and they include the reduction in STI associated...
|
|
|
Rabies - constantly persisting risk for human population
Juráňová, Petra ; Čelko, Alexander (advisor)
Rabies and definition of the risk for human population is topic my of fiploma work. Wellknown facts we can summarize in few sentences: Rabies is caused by neurotropic viruses of the family Rhabdoviridae. Rabies is a disease that affects all warm-blooded hosts - including wild animals, domestic animals, and humans. The target of rabies virus is the brain and spinal cord and causes acute encephalomyelitis. The rabies virus infects the body usually through a bite from a rabid animal. Virus is present in saliva. The outcome is almost always fatal. Only protective immunity prevents a lethal outcome. Treatment doesn't exist, but rabies is a vaccine-preventable disease. Active and passive immunisation is possible. Infection is found on all continents except Antarctida. In certain areas of the world rabies remains endemic (Africa, Asia, Central and South America), and there is a high risk of a infection. Czech republic is a rabies-free. Each year, it kills more than 50 000 people and millions of animals around the world.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.