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Nursing care of the patient with stroke
Oslancová, Ivana ; Vaňková, Milena (advisor)
Cílem mé práce je zpracování případové studie nemocné ve věku 78 let, která byla hospitalizována na I. interní klinice Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady s diagnózou ischemická cévní mozková příhoda s vertigem a lehkou levostrannou hemiparézou. V klinické části se věnuji anatomii mozkového cévního zásobení, fyziologii a patofyziologii a rozdělení cévních mozkových příhod. Dále jsou popsány rizikové faktory, diagnostika, terapie, prevence a prognóza cévních mozkových příhod. Ve třetí části jsou uvedeny základní údaje o nemocné získané z lékařské dokumentace. Jsou zde zaznamenány diagnózy a také diagnostická a terapeutická opatření. V úvodu ošetřovatelské části bakalářské práce je popsána metodika ošetřovatelského procesu a jeho jednotlivé fáze. Ošetřovatelská anamnéza vychází z modelu "Aktivity života" vytvořeným Virginií Hendersonovou a rozvíjeným Nancy Roperovou, Winifred Pohanovou a Alison Tiernerovou. Všechny informace byly získány pozorováním, rozhovorem s pacientkou a ze zdravotnické dokumentace. V další části jsou stanoveny aktuální a potenciální diagnózy a sestaven plán ošetřovatelské péče ke třetímu dni hospitalizace. Dále je popsána realizace a hodnocení účinnosti ošetřovatelských intervencí. Součástí práce je také průběh hospitalizace, edukace a prognóza nemocné.
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Medical Specialist Awareness and Attitude about Organ Donation
Hajšlová, Petra ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Vaňková, Milena (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on finding the awareness and attitudes of nurses towards organ donation. The work is divided into two parts ̶ theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part summarizes available data on the history and development in this field, applicable legislation is mentioned, care for organ donors and overview of the current situation of organ donation, along with current trends. Empirical part took the form of quantitative research, which was conducted by anonymous questionnaires. The aim was to determine nurses' awareness about organ donation organization, determine their orientation in the field of diagnosis of brain death, to map the contemporary practice in the care of a dead donor organs and detect personal attitude on the issue of donation. Respondents were nurses that during their practice on the wards encounter this issue. Questionnaires were distributed on anesthesiology and resuscitation department of Central Military Hospital ̶ Military University Hospital in Prague, then to the operating room and intensive inpatient department of intensive and resuscitation care at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Investigation was attended by 96 nurses. In results, we found that the principle of presumed consent to organ donation in the Czech Republic is...
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Current practice and ways of the supervision use in nursing
VAŇKOVÁ, Milena
The thesis named "Current practice and possible ways of implementing clinical supervision in nursing" is the first doctoral dissertation establishing the concept of supervision in the Czech nursing environment. Itscentralresearch questionis as follows: How do nurses and university educators in nursing construct, interpret and practically apply theconcept ofclinical supervision and the supervisor's role in the context of nursing education at specific institutions of tertiary education and clinical nursing practice in the Czech Republic? The author draws on international theoretical literature and local empiricalevidence.Her qualitative research took the form of 26 semi-structured interviews with academic nursingeducators from the entire Czech Republic. In justified cases those are supplemented with qualitative data obtained through the study of legislative, policy and strategic documents in nursing and health care, including publicly available information and sources on clinical supervision, in order torefine the resulting picture of her interpretation of current clinical supervision practice in Czech nursing. A shift to the constructivist paradigm enabled one to conceive the term "clinical supervision" mainly in relation to learning, training and professional development of supervisees, also in the context of transformation of education and supervision not only of nurses but also of supervisors themselves in the Czech Republic. The author also focuses on the philosophical and theoretical foundations of clinical supervision and application of the postmodern approach in egalitarian clinical supervision. The empirical part of this dissertation is based on the qualitative research conducted. The author gradually presents her results as individual categoriesand relations between them that ensued from the analysed data in the process of open coding. The author draws a link between the category of implementation of clinical supervision in the context of nurses' professional education andexternal conditions, the environment and a broader professional and social-cultural context. Clinical supervision in nursing is constructed mainly as a unidisciplinaryconcept and a part of the nursing profession. The university nursing educatoris typically constructed as a role professional, but there is also an ongoing process ofdiversification, stratification, profiling and professionalization of non-academic nursing educators. Based on a content analysis of documents and post-modern philosophical-theoretical foundations and strategies of legitimizingclinical supervision, the author views the concept of clinical supervision in nursing as socially constructedand discursively legitimated. The author also defines the limitations of her research that arise from the choice of a qualitative research design. In the conclusion she outlines some future trends of clinical supervision in particular educational institutions that can be interesting and inspiring not only for supervisors but also for teachers of supervision themselves. Based on the results of her empirical analysis the author emphasises the need to integrate the theory and practice of education, clinical supervision and nursing. A comprehensive structure and methodology of system-wide implementation of clinical supervision, based on the situation of clinical nursing practice and supervision needs in the Czech Republic,should in future formthe basis of innovation of existing university programmes in nursing and approaches to the education and training of supervisors, as well as the subject of new research in clinical supervision.
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