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Podmíněný Účinek Institucí na Hospodářský Růst: liší se systematicky úroveň institucí se stupněm hospodářského rozvoje?
 Shvechikov, Ivan ; Klosová, Anna (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
The institutional quality concept, advanced by academic literature as a mean to enhance output growth, suffer from the absence of a clear implementation strategy. Considering that developing countries usually lack resources to be able to afford large-scale universal institutional reforms, the lack of roadmap puts substantial obstacles to practical application of the given concept. This thesis therefore goes beyond the simple statement of institutional primacy and sets an objective to differentiate the institutional effects relative to the level of development. To test it empirically, fixed effects model is chosen and interaction terms between the measures of institutional quality and the share of middle class are employed. Obtained coefficients indicate that institutions promote economic growth only when middle class share exceeds 25%. At the same time, different aspects of institutional quality exhibit contradictory dynamics. The control of corruption becomes growth enhancing only when middle class constitutes over one third of the population, while the relevance of government effectiveness for economic growth on the contrary decreases with the enlargement of middle class. These findings confirm the presence of conditionality and deny the existence of universal recipe for institutional reforms. Implementation of better institutions based on context-specific approach would therefore bring greater results in terms of economic growth than the direct adoption of best-practice institutions, so intensively advanced by the World Bank and the IMF.
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European maritime transport
 Shvechikov, Ivan ; Sato, Alexej (advisor) ; Hinčica, Vít (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is European maritime transport. Main goal of this thesis is the search for reasons for modal shift of flow of goods to road transport. The assessment of actual competitiveness of short sea shipping is considered as the best mean for reaching this goal. Secondary auxiliary goals are discovering the basic economic facts about short sea shipping and legislative strategies valid for this branch. Followed by the quantification of actual environmental requirements, which are placed upon the short sea shipping. The work is divided into three parts: The first chapter is devoted to introduction of topic and outlining of economic figures of short sea shipping. Second chapter acquaints with, so called "White Papers", strategic documents of EU, relevant for short sea shipping branch. Third chapter carries out the analysis of factors influencing the competitiveness, taking into account of new ecological requirements, which are placed upon the short sea shipping in Europe and for the conclusion provides evaluation of perspectives of further evolution of this branch.
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