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The usage of participles and transgressives of the verbs "buti" (to be), "sakyti (to say) in contemporary texts. Their equivalents in Czech and Latvian languages
Durmanová, Lucie ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Marvan, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis "The usage of participles and transgressives of the verbs "bti" (to be), "sakyti" (to say) in contemporary texts. Their equivalents in Czech and Latvian languages" the object of my research is a grammatical phenomenon of indefinite verb forms in the narrow sense of the Lithuanian, Czech and Latvian languages. The subject matter is a treatise of various forms of participles and transgressives (we are not specifically concerned with infinitive in this thesis), chiefly in the Lithuanian language, but in relation to the Czech and Latvian language. Participles and transgressives are regarded as grammatical units, which are an integral part of a modern-day language; however the currency of their usage, in contrast to the past, is fading. We have focused on a summary of existing knowledge of participles and transgressives in the Lithuanian, Latvian and Czech language, pointing out the similarities and differences among them; on collection of actual language materials and the analysis of the usage in the Bibliographic database of Lithuanian newspaper articles (Lith. Bibliografin Lietuvos periodins spaudos straipsni baz; a collection of articles, published in Lithuanian printed media from 1994 to 2002). One of the objectives of my thesis was to compare equivalents of Lithuanian, Latvian and Czech forms,...
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The perception of "home" and "journey" in Russian proverbs
Součková, Veronika ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Uličná, Olga (referee)
Percepce prostoru domova a prostoru cesty spolu s reflexí postavení hostů/ cizinců v ruské lidové kultuře je velmi zajímavý lingvisticko-sociologický fenomén, jehož zkoumání se dotýká řady vědních oborů - psychologie, sociologie, folkloristiky, lingvistiky, etnoligvistiky apod. Prostor domova a prostor cesty spolu s přechodnou sférou mezi nimi (~. status cizinců/hostů) tvoří páteřní strukturu lidského světa a jsou základní součástí života každého jednotlivce. Zkoumáním otázek souvisejících s reflexí těchto životních sfér v ruském folklóru se zatím zabýval jen nevelký počet lingvistických, sociolingvistických či lingvofolkoristických prací. Ve své profesi práce s cizinci a uprchlíky jsem se často setkala s mnoha formami přístupu k osobám přicházejícím do usedlé společnosti "zvenčí". Na řadě konkrétních příkladů jsem si uvědomila hluboké rozdíly v tom, jakým způsobem společnost vnímá "své" a "cizí, pocházející odjinud". Je zřejmé, že tyto sociální jevy nejsou nijak nové a že jejich odraz lze nalézt v různých oblastech života člověka, tedy i v jazyce. Z toho důvodu jsem se rozhodla věnovat pozornost analýze reflexe obrazu domova a cesty v ruském jazyce.
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Scandinavian elements in the language of Old East Slavic legal codes
Štěříková, Hana ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Blažek, Václav (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
The doctoral thesis Scandinavian elements in the language of Old East Slavic legal codes consists of three main parts. The first of them puts the topic in connection with previous research and assorts it both according to chronology and ideologic influences, that have had a grave impact on scientific publications concerning the disputes over Varangians and the beginning of East-Slavic history. The lack of scientific objectivity shows not only in historical studies, but also in philological works, since linguistics played only a helping role in order to deliver proofs in favour of preferred theories. The second part of the thesis researches historiographic works of Swedish diplomat Petrus Petreius (early 17th century) and thus contributes to the polemic about who was the first normanist. The analysis shows that Petreius was a skillful compiler, but is not to be considered the first normanist. His works don't include any ideological links between Swedish politics towards Russia and Gothicism either. The third part of the thesis examines history and semantics of three Old East Slavic terms ябедник (yabednik), тиун (tiun) аnd гридь (gridʼ) and their derivatives. The author describes their occurence in historical sources and development in both morphology and semantics up to the present day and makes...
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Comparative Analysis of Semantic Fields and Meanings of Colours on the grounds of Czech, Lithuanian and Russian Phraseology
Adamová, Jevgenija ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Natalie (referee)
Jevgenija Adamová, Porovnávací analýza sémantických polí a významů barev na základě české, litevské a ruské frazeologie Abstract (in English): Presented dissertation concerns the topic of idioms contenting color(s) in Czech, Russian and Lithuanian languages. Dissertation pursues the categories of colours such as: white; black; pink; red; green; gray or grey; yellow; blue; light blue, azure or sky-blue; brown and colour; likewise two "shades", as we decided to call them, such as light and dark and their equivalents in researched languages. Primary language of dissertation is Czech. Theoretical section offers a short introduction to the issues dissertation deales with such as tradition of phraseological science in the Czech, Russian and Lithuanian languages and the traditions of the phraseography of those nations. It deals more in detail with Lithuanian phraseography since it was not as well researched in Czech dissertations, as other two were. The practical section of the thesis focuses on analysis of sematical fields of the categories of colours pursued. It analizes the corpora data (gathered from the national corpora of the three languages), which concerns the pursued categories. The dissertation is closed with conclusion and supplements. The supplement 1 is a Frequency glossary extracted from national...
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Comparative Analysis of Semantic Fields and Meanings of Colours on the grounds of Czech, Lithuanian and Russian Phraseology
Adamová, Jevgenija ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Natalie (referee)
Jevgenija Adamová, Porovnávací analýza sémantických polí a významů barev na základě české, litevské a ruské frazeologie Abstract (in English): Presented dissertation concerns the topic of idioms contenting color(s) in Czech, Russian and Lithuanian languages. dissertation pursues the categories of colours such as: white; black; pink; red; green; gray or grey; yellow; blue; light blue, azure or sky-blue; brown and colour; likewise two "shades", as we decided to call them, such as light and dark and their equivalents in researched languages. Primary language of dissertation is Czech. Theoretical section offers a short introduction to issues dissertation deales with such as tradition of phraseologycal science in the Czech, Russian and Lithuanian languages and the traditions of the phraseography of those nations. It deals more in detail with Lithuanian phraseography since it was not as well researched in Czech dissertations, as other two were. The practical section of the thesis focuses on analysis of sematical fields of the categories of colours pursued. It analizes the corpora data (gathered from the national corpora of the three languages), which concerns the pursued categories. The dissertation is closed with conclusion and supplements. The supplement 1 is a Frequency glossary extracted from national...
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Veles: Slavic deity in comparative perspective
Šebetovská, Michaela ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Kozák, Jan (referee)
VELES SLAVIC DEITY IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Bc. Michaela Šebetovská ABSTRACT The thesis deals with Slavic god Veles. The emphasis is put on primary textual sources about him. With regard to their fragmentary nature, there is a need to make use of comparative material. Informations about other Indo-European gods and beings from Slavic folklore similar to Veles are used as well. The purpose is not only to understand isolated functions, but also connections between them. This seems as the best way how to gain the idea of the whole character of Veles as the Slavs before Christianity could see it.
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Baltic Chthonic Beings in Comparative Perspective
Vaverová, Naďa ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Štoll, Pavel (referee)
This thesis compares selected beings of Baltic folklore within a nearer Balto-Slavic areal after analysing them. It defines the term "chthonic" in accord with the current traditions and supplements it with additional traits, which it verifies afterwards. Using these traits the thesis consequently determines the chthonic properties of the beings. The comparations begin with velnias/velns, a being with assumed chthonic character, which is confirmed. The core of the thesis is dedicated to aivataras, whose mythopersonyma and appearance are examined first, followed by its functionality i.e. the plots it figures in. According to the plots aitvaras and its Baltic variants are compared with East- and West Slavic beings with focus at the plots of Czech demonologic fables. This establishes aitvaras and its equivalents posses strong serpentine traits and a relation to the revered spirits of dead ancestors. The results of this comparison are compared to previous research and some differing conclusions are presented, among them a proposal of a possible etymology of the mythopersonymum "aitvaras". No significant difference on the functional level has been discovered between the terms "aitvaras" and "kaukas". The last chapter concerns itself with the being called "laumė" and to her similar female deities and...
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The handwritten dictionary of lithuanian language from 1st half of 19th century from the Library of the National Museum
Tollarová, Anna ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Šeferis, Vaidas (referee)
Anna Tollarová; The handwritten dictionary of lithuanian language from 1st half of 19th century from the Library of the National Museum Abstract The intention of this work layid on processing, exploration and press-preparation (at least partially) of the handwritten relic, deposited in the Library of the National Museum. This archival document is possible to date to the first half of 19th century and connect it with lithuanistic legacy of František Ladislav Čelakovský. To understand the genesis of this lexicographic project was necessary to compare this dictionary with other work - Wýpisky o gazyku litewském. 1833 (sign.: IX E 4). The defined purpose solved (at least partially) these tasks: 1. To validate or refute authorship of F.L.Čelakovský. Incorporate this handwritten relic to the context of lexicographic and baltoslavic interests of the author. 2. To explore the disposition of Lithuanian dictionary: main intention, role of the dictionary, scope of lexicon, thematic range. To compare notification of the first half of 19th century to knowledge of contemporary lithuanistic. 3. To define the main source used for writing of this lexicographic work. This work continued in modest previous exploration and wants to make a contribution to release this relic to the scientific awareness.
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The handwritten dictionary of lithuanian language from 1st half of 19th century from the Library of the National Museum
Tollarová, Anna ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Šeferis, Vaidas (referee)
The intention of this work lays on processing, exploration and press-preparation (at least partially) of the handwritten relic, deposited in the Library of the National Museum. This archival document is possible to date to the first half of 19th century and connect it with lithuanistic legacy of František Ladislav Čelakovský. To understand the genesis of this lexicographic project is necessary to compare this dictionary with other work - Wýpisky o gazyku litewském. 1833 (sign.: IX E 4). The defined purpose expects to solve these tasks: 1. To validate or refute authorship of F. L. Čelakovský. Incorporate this handwritten relic to the context of lexicographic and baltoslavic interests of the author. 2. To explore the disposition of Lithuanian dictionary: main intention, role of the dictionary, scope of lexicon, thematic range. 3. To compare notification of the first half of 19th century to knowledge of contemporary lithuanistic. This work continues in modest previous exploration and wants to make a contribution to release this relic to the scientific awareness.
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