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Do price promotions influence the demand for food products?
Koudelka, Tomáš ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to determine the influence of leaflet actions on the marketability of food products. In theoretical part I describe the motives which lead shops in the process of choosing the particular product promoted in the leaflet action. In the empirical part parameters influencing the purchased quantity of goods in the action period are estimated by the ordinary least square method based on real sales data. This estimate is further precised by the heteroskedasticity corrected model. The final results show the rational behaviour of customers purchasing the products mainly during the leaflet actions for better prices.
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Market analysis of vehicles with alternative engines
Čermáková, Renáta ; Koubek, Ivo (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
Alternative fuel are getting more and more important. The aim of this study is to discover the financial benefits of vehicles with alternative engines for different types of consumers. The consumers are separated to the three groups with 15 000, 25 000 and 50 000 kilometers driven per year. For the calculations is used the net present value method using two estimates of energy prices until year 2020. For comparison, in this text are three types of cars with alternative power, hybrid car, car with LPG engine and electric car. The results show that hybrid car is good for consumers, who travels every year more than 25 000 km. Consumers who travel 15 000 km a year, a car with hybrid drive is worthwhile. LPG powered car is advantageous for all groups of consumers. In contrast, electric car is not advantageous for any group of consumers, mainly for too high prices.
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Do footballers follow Nash equilibrium?
Svačina, Lubomír ; Lahvička, Jiří (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
This paper deals with the question whether kickers and goalkeepers optimaly choose the direction of their shoots and saves in penalty kicks. It examines real data from play-off stage penalty shootouts of the football Champions League, World Cup and EURO which ocurred in years 2000-2011 and tests whether players play in line with the predictions of mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium model. Predictions of the Nash equilibrium are then compared to predictions of other alternative models of the game theory. Using these structure, the paper follows up on the research of Azar and Bar-Eli (2009) and extends this with new data collected in the circumstances of increased stress, higher quality and higher motivations of the players. Analysis yielded different results in comparison to the forementioned research, did not confirm the validity of the MSNE predictions, and thus indicates that those circumstances have significant impact on players' behavior in penalty kicks.
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Do the Major League Baseball teams maximize performance or profits?
Šindelář, Jakub ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
On the basis of model from paper Barrio and Szymanski (2009) I estimate if the teams are closer to their profit or performance maximizing positions. I found teams in MLB are in short run on average closer to their win maximizing position. Another interesting conclusion is there are almost no differences between clubs in open league system represented by Spanish and English football league and closed league system represented by Major League Baseball in profit maximizing choices. That means the closed league system which is usually used in North America does not help teams to maximize their profits. I examined club characteristics that might explain variations in teams maximizing choices and found that clubs, which are incorporated companies, are on average closer to their profit maximizing choices.
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The Impact of Institutional Capital of Research Institutions on Patent Activity- example of the Czech Republic
Linka, Milan ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The thesis examines impact of the institutional capital, which captures the ability to produce quality patents, on the number of applied patent applications after the adoption of new governmental system of research and development evaluation. For determination of the institutional capital I use similar approach as Turnovec (2005) in case of publications. The estimation of the institutional capital is based on the evaluation of patents received by publicly financed research institutions. The evaluation of patents is based on the analysis of patent family and patent citation data. The data are analyzed using methods of multi-criteria decision making. Further it is estimated that the institutional capital does not influence the number of applied patent applications.
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Influence selected factors the development of tax collections from corporate income tax?
Pajerová, Eva ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
The Aim is to assess the impact of selected factors on the collection of tax on corporate income. Variables are divided into two groups. Factors that have their origins in the tax law (tax rate, amendment of law no. 586/1992 Coll.), and the group of circumstances that affect the final tax liability (the price of electricity, gas price, oil price, GDP, inflation, interest loans, currency exchange rates, balance of foreign trade).Each model is compiled and tested based on quarterly data from the years 2002 -- 2009. An important finding is that the tax rate affects the collection of taxes on corporate income throughout the whole period. If the tax rate drops, reducing the collection of taxes. Extent of the impact of variable rate depends on the degree of delay.
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Pass-through rate of Emission Allowances In Energy Market of the Czech Republic in 2009 and 2010
Rázek, Michal ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
Introduction of emission trading scheme of tradable permits become a great phenomena among energy business agents. Each emitter of CO2 is granted or allocated definite amount of tradable permitts. These allow him to produce one tonne of CO2 or to sell them on the spot or forvard market. Since these tradable permits became valuable (behave as a commercial instrument) they carry two possible usage. To be consumed when producing MWh of energy of to be sold on the market. These alternative usage are according to economy theory opportunity costs, therefore should be considered as the implicit costs and implemented into the price setting. When operating on competitive market, this cost increase should be fully passed on to the price. In this paper we analyze this pass-through of the permits costs. By using regression analysis we try to estimate the pass-through rate of the permits costs in power energy market. We analyze the spot and futures market in the Czech Republic (PXE) and in Germany (EEX). Estimated pass through rate ranges between 0,65 and 1,2. The results emphasize that the energy market is quite competitive, because the costs are more or less fully passed on consumers. One interesting feature arose from results. The pass-through rate greater than one is sort of economically counter-intuitive and should be studied in more detail in some future work.
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Mergers in car industry
Bieliková, Hana ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on economic competition, especially on mergers. Along with liberalization of world markets and economic recession there is an increasing pressure to form mergers. This pressure is extremely strong in car industry, where mergers are formed more often. The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe trends of mergers in car industry. In theoretical part I deal with economic theories and terms which are associated with competition and mergers. In the second part I will analyze closely unsuccessful merger DaimlerChrysler, and planned merger Volkswagen and Porsche -- merger influenced also by economic depression. In the last part I focus on differences between the mergers and I come up with their consequences.
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The intellectual property: Why do "non-pirate" consumers exist?
Sobotková, Kateřina ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
1. The current work deals with an atypical question concerning the problem of the digital piracy (e.g. software, music, films): why do actually exist people who are non-pirates although the costs are nearly zero? 2. The first part of the work represents a brief summary of the basic findings from this area, including the definition of the piracy, its types and history. 3. The following part deals with the causes and consequences of the piracy, involving the psychological, social and tangible aspects which could contribute to the clarification of the "non-pirate" existence. 4. The third part of the present work focuses on the creation of a profile with typical features of a "non-pirate", particularly on the basis of the survey sampling. 5. The last chapter summarizes all the findings and tries to outline the solution of the issue.
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Game Theory and poker
Petrus, Ján ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Koubek, Ivo (referee)
Society regards still poker as a form of hazard but in fact it is a " game of skill". The game where one must make correct decisions and manage ones money. Luck plays no role in the long-term time frame of the game because players make rational choices similar to that reported in mutual transactions among economic entities. Bachelor's thesis focuses on impact of the game of poker to origin the Game Theory and summarizes the specific features of the game. It explains its use by founders of the Game Theory as a suitable model for solving strategic situation in zero-sum games. The second part describes role of poker in economic history to its current developments. Seeking answers to the questions associated with a wide-growing popularity of the game: why people are willing to play poker, why poker is trying to change a position of gambling game and be taken as a sport activity. In this part, I also have used the model of Friedman-Savage utility function to point out the motivation of profesional poker play to make a living through playing poker. The last part of the work deals with the development and expansion of online poker. It describes the regulation, security answers and legal obstacles which have been arisen by its dynamic development in the market in recent years.
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