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Inquiry-based educational activities in biology
Nedomová, Martina ; Čížková, Věra (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
4 The Abstrakt: The main target of the thesis is to complete and check the materials of inquiry- based education on the topic of 'water in human life'. This thesis has been based on the ESTABLISH project and it is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of inquiry-based education, its benefits and history. It introduces us to the national and foreign project and works that treat this type of education. The main passage of the thesis deals with the compilation and verification of materials for the inquiry-based activities within the thematic unit of 'water in human life'. Part of the materials is methodical handbook for teachers and worksheets for individual activities. Further on this thesis includes the results of a questionnaire for students. The feedback reflected verification of the activities and course of materials content and suitability assessment. Consequently, the thesis also includes the application of the questionnaire for educators which evaluated the awareness of the inquiry-based education and its existing usage by biology teacher on Prague grammar schools. Practical part contains the analysis of the exercises focused on water in relation to humans in selected biology and natural science teaching books. The Keywords: Education,...
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Utilization of Biology Olympiad in schools and implementation of selected tasks into highschool teaching.
Dvořáková, Darina ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
This thesis deals with the Biology Olympiad and remaking of selected tasks of region round. The remaked tasks can be used in highschool education. The thesis includes theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part provides general information about the Biology Olympiad (BiO), charts the achievements of Czech students in International Biology Olympiad (IBO), includes literary review of selected topics. The practical part encompass four remaked tasks of different topics: Eucaryotic cell as a mosaic, Water in life of animals, Animals' areas and their distribution, History of the flora in Czech Republic. The tasks are processed in the form of worksheets. The worksheets were tested at schools. Knowledge of students was tested by using of created pretests and posttests. The practical part also presents the result of research based on a questionnaire survey focused on the involvement of school in BiO and teachers' opinions on these topics.
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Teaching the theme human parasites on grammar school.
Houšková, Barbora ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Havlová, Michaela (referee)
Nowdays, when people travel all around the world and they can become infected with different parasites, teaching about human parasites shouldn't be neglected even in education on primary and grammar schools. In my work, I have mapped the basic knowledge of parasitology and human parasites of students from the selected primary schools and lower grades of grammar schools. For this purpose, I have created a test which examined the knowledge and attitude of the students. The work has also sought to propose a new approach to teaching of the subject in biology lessons. Two different teaching concepts were tested and compared in two paralel classes of the same grammar school. Presented representatives of human parasites, were chosen on the basis of analysis of biology textbooks for basic schools. Final suggestion of teaching at schools, which was teste dat three schools contains powerpoint presentations suitable for use in the lessons and practical exercise taken like didactical games.
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Practical courses and modification of selected tasks from Biology olympiad
Filipová, Jana ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Hrozinka, Šimon (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize the integration of hands-on activities into biology lessons and to compare them with the requirements in the high-school curriculum. Further it inquires the influence of hands-on activities on the knowledge of students and their interest in the subject, and it summarizes previous findings about this topic. Sources available show that hands-on activities have a positive impact and are benefitial to students. This thesis also gives some examples of chemical tests suitable to be carried out in lessons. These tests can serve as proofs of carbohydrates, lipides and proteins in plants.
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Actin and its regulation in clathrin endocytosis
Pešanová, Denisa ; Libusová, Lenka (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
4 Abstract Actin filaments and their dynamics play an important role in eukaryotic membrane remodelling. Actin regulatory proteins are required for actin dynamics control. During clathrin-mediated endocytosis actin and regulatory proteins interact with clathrin and adaptors proteins. Together they assist membrane invagination and scission of vesicles. Actin structures are fundamental for formation, internalization and movement of endocytic vesicles in yeast. In mammalian cells, actin is less involved especially in the early stage of endocytosis. Models reflecting different roles of actin in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in yeast and mammals are still lacking despite the latest imaging methods. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to offer a compact summary of controversial observations of actin regulation in endocytosis based on recent studies and simultaneously present selected mechanisms of interactions of the most important proteins, which influence actin dynamics in the clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Key words actin, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, regulatory proteins
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Teaching in groups used in topics of human biology.
Grzybková, Helena ; Rajsiglová, Ina (advisor) ; Janštová, Vanda (referee)
Teaching in groups is the organizational form of teaching. Students are divided into several groups and they cooperate to solve certain task. Mutual help and involvement of passive and diffident student is a big advantage. This form of teaching has disadvantages and several problems too. Teacher should arrange and prepare everything carefully. Teacher's role is different in this type of teaching. When teacher is planning, he should realize what he wants to achieve, how large groups will be appropriate, how to divide students into groups etc. Classical arrangement of class for frontal teaching is inappropriate for teaching in groups. In this form of teaching students should see each other. All groups can do the same work or each group can do a different work. Student assessment is a problem in this way of teaching too. Some teachers can not cope with this. Teaching in groups may not be always cooperative. Key words: activating form of teaching, teaching in groups, cooperative teaching, teaching in pair, heterogeneous group, homogeneous group, role in the group, cooperative skills
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Role of DD- and DED-containing adaptor proteins in apoptotic signaling
Čaja, Fabián ; Janštová, Vanda (referee) ; Anděra, Ladislav (advisor)
Proteins containing a bundle of six anti-paralel α-helices in so-called "death domain" (DD) and similar structures (DED, CARD) represent important players in apoptotic signaling. To DD/DED/CARD domains-containing proteins belong pro- apoptotic membrane receptors from the TNFR superfamily, then adaptor proteins and enzymes as proteases or kinases. These pro-apoptotic "death receptors" interact with adaptor proteins and initiator caspases containing DDs or DEDs and activate apoptotic signaling cascade. DEDs and DDs are in addition found in many proteins participating in activation of caspases or other non-apoptotic signaling. Many experimental models document that defects in and deregulations of proteins containing DDs and DEDs can have severe if not lethal consequences for an organism. Abberations in these proteins in many cases could lead to cancerogenesis, immunodeficiencies or developmental defects.
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Antiviral vaccination - tick borne encephalitis virus
Solarová, Pavlína ; Janštová, Vanda (referee) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor)
Tick borne encephalitis is by one of the most severe disease of central nervous system. Agent of this disease is tick-borne encephalitis virus, which is transmitted mainly by tick. Clinical picture of TBE is considerably different and varied in individuals - from quite infection without symptoms up to severe cerebro-spinal meningitis, in such cases attacked persons by this virus leave hospital with whole-life handicap. We can prevent this disease by inoculation. We can see it in the neighboring Austria, where TBE almost became extinct because 90% of population is vaccinated. Vaccines are commercially available from 1979. Nevertheless only 17% population is vaccinated against TBEV. The reason for it could be fact that insurance companies do not provide the vaccines as well as not very effective health education. One of possibilities how we can this tendency reverse would be higher awareness of pupils at schools. In school educational programs there is contained prevention of viral disease, especially in general biology, biology of viruses and education to health.
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