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Roles of Nutritional Factors against COVID-19
Yun, Yina ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
2. ABSTRACT The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, also known as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), was discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. On March 11, 2020, it was determined that there was a pandemic all over the world. As the world struggles with COVID-19 and an inability of clinically relevant medicines, attention has shifted to modalities that may aid in immune system bolstering. Pharmaceutical companies are working to develop targeted treatments and vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 virus. This is due to the COVID-19 virus's significant impact on the immune system, which manifests itself in a variety of inflammatory reactions. A diet that provides a healthy balance of calories, nutrients, and other macronutrients could significantly aid in the prevention and management of chronic infectious illnesses. A healthy diet rich in vitamins A, C, D, and E, and certain micronutrients and zinc, selenium, copper, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids, may help with a variety of infectious disorders. The goal of this study was to investigate and report on the latest discoveries regarding the use of vitamins and minerals in the treatment of COVID-19. A review of past research is conducted to identify the conclusions reached by other experts considering the beneficial effects...
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Optimization of culture conditions for a bacterial biofilm formation
Rošková, Veronika ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Author: Bc. Veronika Rošková Supervisor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Consultant: Mgr. Michaela Hympánová Title: Optimalisation of growth conditions for bacterial biofilm forming Diploma Thesis Study program: Bioanalytical laboratory diagnostics in healthcare Introduction: Biofilm is the most stable living form of bacteria. Bacteria are changing their physiology during the process of biofilm formation, so they are becoming more protected from the environmental factors. This protection leads to higher survivability in hostile conditions and higher resistance against chemical or mechanical treatment. One of the most common bacteria with the ability to produce biofilm and which causes persistent infections is Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Objectives: The diploma thesis has its aim at comparing biofilm growth of S. aureus and his methicillin-resistant variant under different conditions. We observed biofilm formation in three different broths with different level of nutrition, three different types of surfaces and two different times of incubation. Methods: The microplate AlamarBlue (AB) assay was used for quantification of biofilm formation. AB is a redox indicator, which changes its colour when it is metabolised by bacteria. The colour change was observed spectrophotometrically, and...
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of selected methodical approaches for disagregation of staphylococcal biofilm biomass
Nosková, Martina ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Subject of study: Bioanalytical laboratory diagnostics in healtcare Student: Bc. Martina Nosková Supervisor: RNDr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Title: Evalution of the effectiveness of selected methodical approaches for disagregation of staphylococcal biofilm biomass Background: Evaluation of the impact of selected biochemical and physical approaches on the disaggregation of the biofilm community formed by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. For the biochemical approach was chosen enzyme proteinase K, the impact of sonication, shaking with/without glass beads was studied within the physical approaches. Methods: Staphylococcal biofilm was formed in vitro in two methodical configurations - in the wells of a microtiter plate and on pegs (analogy to the Calgary Biofilm Device). To evaluate the degree of consistency of the obtained data, which reflects the homogenity of the biofilm biomass disaggeragation, the "recovery" method, and the method of metabolic activity evaluation, using the Alamar Blue indicator. To express the degree of effectiveness of the chosen approaches on the overall disaggregation of the biofilm community, the method of quantification of biofilm biomass by crystal violet staining was...
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis - structure and functions of the cell wall
Kukrálová, Simona ; Janďourek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Study program: Bioanalytical laboratory diagnostics in healthcare Candidate: Bc. Simona Kukrálová Supervisor: PharmDr. Ondřej Janďourek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis - structure and functions of the cell wall Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that causes a disease called tuberculosis, which, along with other selected diseases, is still one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. It is estimated that more than a million people succumb to the disease each year. The remarkable structure of the cell wall of mycobacteria has a great influence on the treatment of tuberculosis itself, together with the ever-increasing incidence of multidrug- resistant and extensively resistant strains, especially in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The research of mycobacteria is given great attention. Efforts to find new substances with antimycobacterial effect acting on individual components of the cell wall, preferably on the cell wall as a complex, are actual and are part of national as well as international programs. Theoretical part of this diploma thesis deals with current knowledge about mycobacteria with emphasis on cell wall, epidemiology of tuberculosis...
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Current diagnostic possibilities of allergies.
Babjáková, Ladislava ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Krčmová, Irena (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FARMACEUTICKÁ FAKULTA V HRADCI KRÁLOVÉ Katedra biologických a lékařských věd MOŢNOSTI SOUČASNÉ DIAGNOSTIKY ALERGIÍ (REŠERŠE) Bakalářská práce Vedoucí bakalářské práce: PharmDr. Petr Jílek, CSc. Plzeň, 2011 Ladislava Babjáková Prohlašuji, že tato práce je mým původním autorským dílem. Veškerá literatura a další zdroje, z nichž jsem při zpracování čerpala, jsou uvedeny v seznamu použité literatury a v práci řádně citovány. Práce nebyla využita k získání jiného nebo stejného titulu. V Plzni, dne ....................... podpis................................... Děkuji PharmDr. Petru Jílkovi, CSc. a MUDr. Václavě Gutové za odborné vedení, poskytnuté informace a rady. ABSTRAKT Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Katedra biologických a lékařských věd Kandidát: Ladislava Babjáková Školitel: MUDr. Václava Gutová Název bakalářské práce: Možnosti současné diagnostiky alergií Cílem této práce bylo vytvořit přehled možností diagnostiky alergií, která je v současné době prováděna v ambulantních ordinacích na odděleních alergologie a imunologie. Vytvořit přehled metod, které jsou standardně používané při laboratorní diagnostice alergií a dále metod užívaných pro výzkumné účely. V této práci jsou použity především informace, které byly publikovány v posledních letech...
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Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Andělová, Magdaléna ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical science Candidate: Magdaléna And lová Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Name of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances throught of the use microdilution broth metod Background Aim of this diploma work was research of activity of potentional antimicrobiotic substances. Research of antibacterial substances is one of the most important factor in pharmaceutic industry. The main reason is being the never stopping growth of bacterial resistence. Methods The microdilution broth metod was used to test the substances. This metod was used because of low difficulty and low cost. All the steps including the final analising was done by hand. Results The substances were divided in groups depending their chemical struction. The most effective was the salicylanilide derivates group. The other groups inhibitated growth of bacteria very little or were non-functional. In case of every bacterial stems were analised all substances which were effective. Conclusion Depending on the results the most sensitive and the most resistant bacterial stem were choosen. The most sensitive reaction on tested substances had bacterial stem Staphylococcus aureus. The Klebsiella pneumoniae...
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Factors predisposing to the development of allergies X.
Bártová, Lenka ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
1 SUMMARY The prevalence of atopic disorders has been increasing at last years. One of the notions is that this is caused by unsatisfactory stimulation of immune system by infectious diseases ("the hygiene hypothesis"). The aim of our study was determine the influence of infectious diseases, the adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, using of antibiotics on the development of atopic diseases. We availed the questionnaire survey which included 2050 children born approximately on 1994, who attended a primary school at various places of Czech Republic. We separate them to allergic and nonallergic, according to certain criteria. We asked about three periods: the first two years of life, period when child moved from a kindergarten to a primary school (years 1999, 2000) and last two years before answer on our questionnaire. We found, that the allergic children significantly more than the nonallergic suffered from: otitis media (49,6% vs. 42.5%; 44.5% vs. 25.7%; 13.3% vs. 6.0%), sinusitis (12.5% vs. 5.2%; 26.2% vs. 9.2%; 18.2% vs. 6.2%), nasopharyngitis or rhinitis (88.5% vs. 79.5%; 94.1% vs. 81.4%; 88.4% vs. 76.7%), bronchitis (65.8% vs. 38.4%; 72.9% vs. 35.3%; 46.0% vs. 20.8%), pneumonia (14.3% vs. 6.0%; 21.1% vs. 7.5%; 3.8% vs. 1.5%), influenza or other virosis with increased body temperature (80.4% vs. 72.0%; 91.3% vs....
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Predisposing factors of recurrent vulvovaginal candidasis IV.
Stopková, Eva ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kestřánek, Jan (referee)
1 Abstract Diploma thesis deals with recurrent vulvovaginal dyscomfort, which is most common problem solved in gynecologist's office. At least once within the lifespan troubles these disease more than 75% women. Five to 10% percent of female population in the fertile age has repeated attacks of colpitis. This study involved university students (n = 145). Incidence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) like dyscomfort in was 11%. The goal of this study was the determination of predisposing factors with help of questionnaire based search. Each questionnaire comprises 49 structured questions. The return ratio was 72,8%. The RVVC group involved women, who reported 4 and more episodes of vulvar dyscomfort (itching, swelling, burning or discharge) in the last year or in at least in one of last four years. The control group represented 42 women (28, 9%) with no history of any symptoms mentioned above. By evaluation of the questionnaire we have described number of factors, which increase risk of RVVC, these are primarily: diet high in sugar, continuous use of panty-liners in time outside of menses, taking a long hot shower, wearing tight trousers, smoking of cigarettes, higher number of sexual partners, shaving of pubic hair for the most part, higher frequency of sexual intercourses, non-coital sexual...
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Allergic diathesis - the effect of familial burden and environment
Pagáčová, Lucie ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Krčmová, Irena (referee)
Lucie Pagáčová Allergic diathesis - the effect of familial burden and environment Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy INTRODUCTION: In our study we tried to demonstrate the various factors that might influence the development of allergic diseases. We focused mainly on the genetic influence on the part of parents and pointed to the influence of the siblings. The enviroment in which probands were characterized by size grew and the size of the family residence. OBJECTIVES: We tried to clarify selected factors that may cause allergic diseases. We brought in this regard the new data that compare with studies carried out abroad. METHODS: The necessary data we obtained through a questionnaire form that was designed for mothers of 12 years old children. We used 1672 questionnaires filled correctly form which we selected a group of 740 children without symptoms of allergies and we have defined a clear 626 allergic children. These two groups we compared with factors for which we have tried to demonstrate an impact on the emergence of asthma, eczema, hay fever, perennial rhinitis, hives and other symptoms. RESULTS: We haven't established the role of gender as an important factor, as well as BMI, date of birth and residence's size. We also compared the...
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