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Monitoring of changes of drinking water quality during accumulation and distribution
Vaňková, Jitka ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
Theoretical part of the diploma thesis purveys information on drinking water and quality requirements, changes of drinking water quality during distribution and accumulation caused by disinfection, chemical processes, corrosion of constructional materials, incrusting solids, biofilms, nitrification of ammonia nitrogen, sediments in pipelines, elution of harmful matter. Attention was given to drinking water quality indicators which are associated with changes in drinking water distribution systems. In experimental part are studied changes of drinking water quality during distribution on the basis of selected drinking water quality indicators. There is specifically chemical oxygen demand, concentration of iron, manganese, ammonia ions, nitrites, nitrates, chloroform and chlorine. For periodical monitoring were selected suitable locality within the framework of Brno distribution system; for illustration were taken water samples from distribution systems of drinking water treatment plants Švařec, Vír, Štítary and Mostiště. For selected methods of analytical determination of above mentioned drinking water quality indicators are presented their characteristics. Obtained information on drinking water quality is mentioned in tabular and graphical form.
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Removal of micropolutants in drinking water treatment
Hambálková, Kateřina ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
Intrusion of pharmaceuticals into surface and drinking water is nowadays a problem, that is solved all over the world. This diploma thesis is focused on the removal of pharmaceuticals from water by coagulation. The efficiency of two coagulant agents - chitosan and ferric sulphate was compared. For comparison was used adsorption on a granular-activated-carbon. Efficiency of removal was investigated by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and HPLC.
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Application of trihalomethane formation potential to evaluation of drinking water treatment efficiency
Halešová, Barbora ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of bachelor thesis was to develop a literature search for the potential creation of oftrihalomethanes (THMs FP) as indicators of water quality in surface water treatment. The THM FP test was monitorated to evaluate the effectiveness of current technological methods of treatment of natural water with special consideration of water with increased content of humic substances. The attention was focused on comparison of the THM FP values with the normally applicable water quality parameters; it means the concentration of dissoluble organic carbon (DOC), UV254, CODMn, CODCr. The obtained evidence suggests that THM FP test allows sensitively assess water quality in term of content of chemically and biologically easily biodegradable organic substances. The potential of THM formation has been proved as a valuable tool for quantify non-specific organic contaminants in treated water, which can usefully complete previously used criteria for assessing quality of treated water.
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Problems of humic matters as precursor of trihalomethanes (THMs) in water
Jelínková, Zuzana ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with qualities of humic matters, their origins, structures and occurrence in aquatic environment. There are suitable methods for determination of humic substances and processes used for their removing from water. The thesis describes disinfection of water and related origin of trihalomethanes. The aim of the experimental part of the thesis is to coagulate model humic water on the laboratory mixing column including suggestion of optimal dose of selected coagulation agent and comparison of effectivity of floccules separation by membrane filtration and centrifugation. Effectivity of the removal of humic matters was determined by measuring water absorbance at wavelengths 245 nm in a silica cuvette with optical 1 cm trajectory and at 387 nm in a glass cuvette with optical 5 cm trajectory. For evaluation of quality suspension concentration of residual iron of coagulation agent in water was determined.
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Removal of different species of phytoplankton by dissolved air flotation
Sukopová, Martina ; Mega, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dolejš, Petr (advisor)
The work evaluates the efficiency of dissolved air flotation (DAF) in removal of various kinds of phytoplankton. As absolutely necessary in the process of water treatment proved the agglomeration phase, or coagulation and floculation. This phase neutralizes the particles so that they can fasten air bubbles. The efficiency of this process depends on several variables, though: the kind of coagulant used, dose, coagulation pH, duration of floculation and its intensity, recycle ratio and the polymer use in coagulation. The particle size volume distribution and the volume of organic matter in raw water also have certain influence on phytoplankton removal. Dissolved air flotation is currently the most suitable method of phytoplankton removal. It can remove 93-98 % of blue-green algae and even 99-99.9 % of algae. The efficiency of flotation was also compared to sedimentation for the economic reason. In the process of water treatment, the sedimentation is now being replaced by flotation.
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Spontaneous decay of ozone dissolved in water
Fendrych, Adam ; Dolejš, Petr (referee) ; Mega, Jaroslav (advisor)
In this paper there are scientific information collected on ozone dissolution in water, its spontaneous decay in water solution and problems with analytical monitoring of these processes. Particular attention is given to impact of water properties (particularly pH value and bicarbonate concentration) on upper mentioned processes, feed gas selection, ozone generator parameters and ozone/water contacting systems.
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